一台虚拟机里突然遇到docker容器一直重启,看了下logs,发现是访问外网失败引起的,网上看到这个解决方案,这边记录一下。首先需要明确docker的网桥模式,网桥工作在二层(OSI堆栈),是通用网络设备的一种,可以设置IP地址。有了IP地址,Linux便可通过路由表或IP表,在网络层定位网桥,这就相当于有了一个虚拟网卡,即docker0。docker0默认的地址划分:IP(127.17.42.1
· 2021-11-25 22:59:41解决方案在最下面,不看过程的可直接拉到最下面。
一台虚拟机里突然遇到docker容器一直重启,看了下logs,发现是访问外网失败引起的,网上看到这个解决方案,这边记录一下。
首先需要明确docker的网桥模式,网桥工作在二层(OSI堆栈),是通用网络设备的一种,可以设置IP地址。有了IP地址,Linux便可通过路由表或IP表,在网络层定位网桥,这就相当于有了一个虚拟网卡,即docker0。docker0默认的地址划分:IP(127.17.42.1/16),在启动容器时,docker会在宿主机上创建一对虚拟网卡veth pair设备。veth设备总是成对出现的,它们组成了一个数据的通道,数据从一个设备进入,就会从另一个设备出来。因此,veth设备常用来连接两个网络设备,容器启动时,Docker引擎将veth pair设备的一端放在新创建的容器中,并命名为eth0。另一端放在宿主机中,以veth***这样类似的名字命名,并将这个网络设备加入到docker0网桥中,可以通过brctl show命令查看,从docker0子网中分配一个IP给容器使用,并设置docker0的IP地址为容器的默认网关。
1. 首先检查宿主机的网络配置
1)检查网桥brctl sho
[root@localhost ~]# brctl show bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces docker0 8000.f229f45b3df2 no vethaef304e
2) 检查ip
[root@localhost ~]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1400 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether fa:16:3e:5d:75:0a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 10.164.99.214/20 brd 10.164.111.255 scope global dynamic eth0 valid_lft 69570sec preferred_lft 69570sec inet6 fe80::f816:3eff:fe5d:750a/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether fa:16:3e:45:a9:5e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 10.122.76.71/24 brd 10.122.76.255 scope global dynamic eth1 valid_lft 65709sec preferred_lft 65709sec inet6 fe80::f816:3eff:fe45:a95e/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 128: docker0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default link/ether f2:29:f4:5b:3d:f2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.17.10.1/24 brd 172.17.10.255 scope global docker0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::e03c:c3ff:fe90:1cee/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 130: vethaef304e@if129: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue master docker0 state UP group default link/ether f2:29:f4:5b:3d:f2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0 inet6 fe80::f029:f4ff:fe5b:3df2/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
可以看到docker创建的虚拟网卡docker0的网段为172.17.10.1/24
3)查看路由: ip route
[root@localhost ~]# ip route 10.160.146.0/23 via 10.122.72.1 dev eth1 172.16.0.0/12 via 10.122.72.1 dev eth1 172.17.0.0/20 via 10.122.72.1 dev eth1 172.17.10.0/24 dev docker0 proto kernel scope link src 172.17.10.1
即172.17.10.0/24网段的包均通过docker0网桥来转发.
2. 再来查看容器的ip: docker exec -it <容器名称> ip a
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it c_name ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 129: eth0@if130: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP,M-DOWN> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP link/ether 02:42:ac:11:0a:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.17.10.2/24 brd 172.17.10.255 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
可以看到虚拟网卡eth0的ip为172.17.10.2
3) 查看容器内的路由: docker exec -it c_name ip route
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it c_name ip route default via 172.17.10.1 dev eth0 172.17.10.0/24 dev eth0 scope link src 172.17.10.2
由此可知172.17.10.0网段的包均走容器内的eth0,默认网关为172.17.10.1
4) 如果容器中无法ping通外网,首先查看能否ping通网关。如果网关都无法ping通,说明网桥或网段有问题。这里就可以用tcpdump来查看。比如监控上面第一步的网桥接口tcpdump -i vethaef304e -nn,正常的网络包应答如下:bash-4.4# ping -c 1 8.8.8.8
[root@localhost ~]# tcpdump -i vethaef304e -nn tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on vethaef304e, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes 17:17:16.282976 IP 172.17.10.2 > 8.8.8.8: ICMP echo request, id 2304, seq 0, length 64 17:17:16.325812 IP 8.8.8.8 > 172.17.10.2: ICMP echo reply, id 2304, seq 0, length 64 17:17:21.297595 ARP, Request who-has 172.17.10.1 tell 172.17.10.2, length 28 17:17:21.297656 ARP, Reply 172.17.10.1 is-at f2:29:f4:5b:3d:f2, length 28
异常时就只有request who-has包,没有reply
3. 问题解决
查看网桥,路由和ip均没发现问题,试试修改docker0的默认网段,居然成功了,步骤如下:
1) 删除原有配置
service docker stop ip link set dev docker0 down brctl delbr docker0 iptables -t nat -F POSTROUTING
2) 创建新的网桥
brctl addbr docker0 ip addr add 172.17.10.1/24 dev docker0 ip link set dev docker0 up
3) 修改docker配置,在/etc/docker/daemon.json中追加bip如下,注意json的格式,bip前面需要有,root@XXXXXX~# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json
vim /etc/docker/daemon.json { "insecure-registries":["x.x.x"], "bip": "172.17.10.1/24" }
4)重启docker: systemctl restart docker
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart docker标签:00,docker0,172.17,lft,宿主机,ping,外网,ff,docker From: https://www.cnblogs.com/cheyunhua/p/17102312.html