.Net6中想实现对某个网址截屏,可通过Selenium模拟访问网址并实现截图。
实现
安装Nuget包
<PackageReference Include="Selenium.Chrome.WebDriver" Version="85.0.0" /> <PackageReference Include="Selenium.Support" Version="4.1.0" /> <PackageReference Include="Selenium.WebDriver" Version="4.1.0" />
之后可通过代码实现模拟访问网址并截图
public static string PageScreenshot(string url, string uploadbasepath) { ChromeDriver driver = null; try { ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions(); options.AddArguments("headless", "disable-gpu", "no-sandbox"); driver = new ChromeDriver(Path.GetDirectoryName(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location), options); //driver = new ChromeDriver("/usr/bin/google-chrome-stable", options); driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(url); string width = driver.ExecuteScript("return document.body.scrollWidth").ToString(); string height = driver.ExecuteScript("return document.body.scrollHeight").ToString(); driver.Manage().Window.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(int.Parse(width), int.Parse(height)); //=int.Parse( height); var screenshot = (driver as ITakesScreenshot).GetScreenshot(); //directory create var basepath = uploadbasepath + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd") + "/"; if (!Directory.Exists(uploadbasepath)) { Directory.CreateDirectory(uploadbasepath); } if (!Directory.Exists(basepath)) { Directory.CreateDirectory(basepath); } var path = basepath + Guid.NewGuid().ToString("N") + ".jpg"; screenshot.SaveAsFile(path); return path; } catch (Exception ex) { throw; } finally { if (driver != null) { driver.Close(); driver.Quit(); } } }
需要另外做的一步是把chromedriver从bin/Release/netcoreapp3.1/chromedriver复制到publish目录。
你以为到这就完了?这个代码确实可以在windows/linux非容器环境下运行。但是在docker里还是有些不一样。
Docker中运行的那些坑
首先需要注意.netcore3.1在Docker中操作图片记得安装libgdiplus.so
#Dockerfile RUN apt-get update -y && apt-get install -y --allow-unauthenticated libgdiplus && apt-get clean && ln -s /usr/lib/libgdiplus.so /usr/lib/gdiplus.dll
1.第一个坑
首先遇到的就是OpenQA.Selenium.DriverServiceNotFoundException异常,异常信息是
OpenQA.Selenium.DriverServiceNotFoundException: The file /opt/google/chrome/chrome/chromedriver does not exist. The driver can be downloaded at http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html
这个异常明显是找不到chromedriver,那就与在非Docker环境linux中直接运行的方式一样,尝试把chromedriver复制到Docker的publish目录中,在Dockerfile中添加以下内容
#dockerfile RUN cp /src/xxx/Release/netcoreapp3.1/chromedriver /app/publish/
2.第二个坑
尝试运行以上容器,还是失败,进入容器内部,直接运行chromedriver,可以看到缺少libxx.so之类的库。那咋办,只能尝试在镜像中安装chrome,这样相关库就有了
安装chrome相关资料
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/55206172/how-to-run-dotnet-core-app-with-selenium-in-docker
https://github.com/devpabloassis/seleniumdotnetcore/blob/master/Dockerfile
那在Dockerfile中添加安装chrome的命令
#Dockerfile Install Chrome RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \ apt-transport-https \ ca-certificates \ curl \ gnupg \ hicolor-icon-theme \ libcanberra-gtk* \ libgl1-mesa-dri \ libgl1-mesa-glx \ libpango1.0-0 \ libpulse0 \ libv4l-0 \ fonts-symbola \ --no-install-recommends \ && curl -sSL https://dl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | apt-key add - \ && echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google.list \ && apt-get update && apt-get install -y \ google-chrome-stable \ --no-install-recommends \ && apt-get purge --auto-remove -y curl \ && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
3.第三个坑
运行以上修改后的容器,又一个异常
DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist
继续查资料发现需要加个参数disable-dev-shm-usage
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/50642308/webdriverexception-unknown-error-devtoolsactiveport-file-doesnt-exist-while-t
但是前面试了不在docker内运行,需要这个参数,那就加个环境变量区分开docker与非docker环境
#Dockerfile ENV INDOCKER 1
public static string PageScreenshot(string url, string uploadbasepath) { ChromeDriver driver = null; try { var indocker = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("INDOCKER"); ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions(); if (indocker == "1") { options.AddArguments("headless", "disable-gpu", "no-sandbox", "disable-dev-shm-usage"); //driver = new ChromeDriver("/opt/google/chrome/chrome", options); } else { options.AddArguments("headless", "disable-gpu", "no-sandbox"); } driver = new ChromeDriver(Path.GetDirectoryName(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location), options); //driver = new ChromeDriver("/usr/bin/google-chrome-stable", options); driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(url); string width = driver.ExecuteScript("return document.body.scrollWidth").ToString(); string height = driver.ExecuteScript("return document.body.scrollHeight").ToString(); driver.Manage().Window.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(int.Parse(width), int.Parse(height)); //=int.Parse( height); var screenshot = (driver as ITakesScreenshot).GetScreenshot(); //directory create var basepath = uploadbasepath + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd") + "/"; if (!Directory.Exists(uploadbasepath)) { Directory.CreateDirectory(uploadbasepath); } if (!Directory.Exists(basepath)) { Directory.CreateDirectory(basepath); } var path = basepath + Guid.NewGuid().ToString("N") + ".jpg"; screenshot.SaveAsFile(path); return path; } catch (Exception ex) { throw; } finally { if (driver != null) { driver.Close(); driver.Quit(); } } }
4.第四个坑
尝试运行上面修改后的容器,又一个异常
This version of ChromeDriver only supports Chrome version 99 Current browser version is 109.0.5414.74 with binary path /usr/bin/google-chrome
这个信息字面意思就是之前第一个坑复制的chromedriver版本较低。那就直接去官网下载最新的chromedriver,并放到镜像内
下载地址:http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html
# Dockerfile COPY ["xxx/chromedriver", "."] RUN chmod +x chromedriver
5.第五个坑
继续尝试运行,发现这次能成功截图了,等等...这字体咋还是乱码呢
明显是中文乱码了,应该是容器内没中文字体,那就安装中文字体,字体可以从C:\Windows\Fonts中获取ttc,ttf字体文件
#Dockerfile RUN apt-get update RUN apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends libgdiplus libc6-dev RUN apt-get install -y fontconfig xfonts-utils COPY fonts/ /usr/share/fonts/ RUN mkfontscale RUN mkfontdir RUN fc-cache -fv
再次运行,终于成功
标签:string,get,Chrome,Selenium,driver,apt,chromedriver,chrome,Net6 From: https://www.cnblogs.com/chenyishi/p/17044827.html