在 “Springboot 系列 (19) - Springboot+ElasticSearch 实现全文搜索（一）” 里我们演示了安装配置 ElasticSearch 和使用 curl 调用 ElasticSearch API，本文将演示在 Springboot 项目里如何调用 ElasticSearch API。
1. 配置 ElasticSearch
1) 运行环境
操作系统：Ubuntu 20.04
内网 IP：192.168.0.10
端口: 9200
Java 版本: 1.8.0_341
ElasticSearch 版本：7.10.2
ElasticSearch 所在路径：~/apps/elasticsearch-7.10.2/
2) 启动
$ cd ~/apps/elasticsearch-7.10.2/bin
$ ./elasticsearch
...
ERROR: [2] bootstrap checks failed
[1]: max virtual memory areas vm.max_map_count [65530] is too low, increase to at least [262144]
[2]: the default discovery settings are unsuitable for production use; at least one of [discovery.seed_hosts, discovery.seed_providers, cluster.initial_master_nodes] must be configured
...
注：启动失败，两个问题：1. jvm 内存不够大；2. 集群节点最低配置要求；
# 增加 jvm 内存到 262144
$ sudo sysctl -w vm.max_map_count=262144
vm.max_map_count = 262144
# 修改 elasticsearch.yml 文件，添加如下内容
$ vim ~/apps/elasticsearch-7.10.2/config/elasticsearch.yml
# 单机模式
discovery.type: single-node
# 再次启动
$ ./elasticsearch
2. Springboot 开发环境
Windows版本：Windows 10 Home (20H2)
IntelliJ IDEA (https://www.jetbrains.com/idea/download/)：Community Edition for Windows 2020.1.4
Apache Maven (https://maven.apache.org/)：3.8.1
注：Spring 开发环境的搭建，可以参考 “ Spring基础知识（1）- Spring简介、Spring体系结构和开发环境配置 ”。
3. 创建 Springboot 基础项目
项目实例名称：SpringbootExample19
Spring Boot 版本：2.6.6
创建步骤：
(1) 创建 Maven 项目实例 SpringbootExample19；
(2) Spring Boot Web 配置；
(3) 导入 Thymeleaf 依赖包；
(4) 配置 jQuery；
具体操作请参考 “Spring 系列 (2) - 在 Spring Boot 项目里使用 Thymeleaf、JQuery+Bootstrap 和国际化” 里的项目实例 SpringbootExample02，文末包含如何使用 spring-boot-maven-plugin 插件运行打包的内容。
SpringbootExample19 和 SpringbootExample02 相比，SpringbootExample19 不配置 Bootstrap、模版文件（templates/*.html）和国际化。
4. 添加 Elasticsearch 依赖
1) 修改 pom.xml，导入 Elasticsearch 依赖包
<project ... >
...
<dependencies>
...
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
</dependency>
...
</dependencies>
...
</project>
在IDE中项目列表 -> SpringbootExample19 -> 点击鼠标右键 -> Maven -> Reload Project
2) 修改 src/main/resources/application.properties 文件，添加如下配置
# ElasticSearch
spring.elasticsearch.rest.uris=192.168.0.10:9200
spring.elasticsearch.rest.username=elastic
spring.elasticsearch.rest.password=123456
5. 测试实例 (Web 模式)
1) 创建 src/main/java/com/example/config/ElasticSearchRestClientConfig.java 文件
1 package com.example.config;
2
3 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
4 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
5 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
6 import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.client.ClientConfiguration;
7 import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.client.RestClients;
8 import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.config.AbstractElasticsearchConfiguration;
9
10 import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
11
12 @Configuration
13 public class ElasticSearchRestClientConfig extends AbstractElasticsearchConfiguration {
14 @Value("${spring.elasticsearch.rest.uris}")
15 private String uris;
16 @Value("${spring.elasticsearch.rest.username}")
17 private String username;
18 @Value("${spring.elasticsearch.rest.password}")
19 private String password;
20
21 @Override
22 @Bean
23 public RestHighLevelClient elasticsearchClient() {
24
25 final ClientConfiguration clientConfiguration = ClientConfiguration.builder()
26 .connectedTo(uris)
27 .withBasicAuth(username, password)
28 .build();
29
30 return RestClients.create(clientConfiguration).rest();
31 }
32
33 }
2) 创建 src/main/resources/templates/client.html 文件
1 <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
2 <head>
3 <meta charset="UTF-8">
4 <title th:text="${var}">Title</title>
5 <script language="javascript" th:src="@{/lib/jquery/jquery-3.6.0.min.js}"></script>
6 </head>
7 <body>
8
9 <h3>ElasticSearch Client</h3>
10 <hr>
11 <p>
12 Operation:<br>
13 <select id="operation" name="operation" style="width: 50%;height: 32px;">
14 <option value=""></option>
15 <option value="create_springboot">1. 创建一个索引 "springboot"</option>
16 <option value="get_springboot">2. 查看 "springboot"</option>
17 <option value="delete_springboot">3. 删除 "springboot"</option>
18 <option value="create_springboot_settings">4. 创建一个带 settings 的索引 "springboot"</option>
19 <option value="get_springboot_settings">5. 查看带 settings 的 "springboot"</option>
20 <option value="create_doc1_auto">6. 在 "springboot/doc1" 下创建一个文档（自动生成 _id）</option>
21 <option value="create_doc1_2">7. 在 "springboot/doc1/2" 下创建一个文档（指定 _id 为 2）</option>
22 <option value="create_doc1_batch">8. 在 "springboot/doc1" 下批量创建文档（自动生成 _id）</option>
23 <option value="get_doc1_2">9. 查看 "springboot/doc1/2"</option>
24 <option value="modify_doc1_2">10. 修改 "springboot/doc1/2"</option>
25 <option value="delete_doc1_2">11. 删除 "springboot/doc1/2"</option>
26 <option value="query_springboot_docs">12. 查询 "springboot" 下的全部文档 </option>
27 <option value="term_query_springboot_docs">13. 精准查询 "springboot" 下 name="Elastic Search" (_id=2) 的文档 </option>
28 <option value="match_query_springboot_docs">14. 模糊查询 "springboot" 下 name 包含 "Elastic Search" 的文档 </option>
29 </select>
30 </p>
31 <p id="raw_area" style="display:none;">
32 Raw (JSON):<br>
33 <textarea name="raw" id="raw" rows="3" style="width: 50%;"></textarea>
34 </p>
35 <p id="raw_area_2" style="display:none;">
36 Raw 2 (JSON):<br>
37 <textarea name="raw2" id="raw2" rows="3" style="width: 50%;"></textarea>
38 </p>
39 <p>
40 <button type="button" id="btn_submit">Submit</button>
41 </p>
42
43 <div id="result" style="width: 98%; height: 420px; background-color: #f2f2f2; padding: 5px;"></div>
44
45 <p> </p>
46
47 <script type="text/javascript">
48
49 $(document).ready(function(){
50
51 $('#btn_submit').click(function() {
52
53 var operation = $('#operation').val();
54 if (operation == '') {
55 alert('Please select operation');
56 $('#operation').focus();
57 return;
58 }
59 var raw = $('#raw').val();
60 var raw2 = $('#raw2').val();
61
62 $.ajax({
63
64 type: 'POST',
65 url: '/operation',
66 data: {
67 operation: operation,
68 raw: raw,
69 raw2: raw2
70 },
71 success: function(response) {
72 console.log(response);
73 if (response.ret == "OK") {
74 $('#result').html("SUCCESS, (" + operation + "): " + response.description + "<br>");
75 } else {
76 $('#result').html("FAILED, (" + operation + "): " + response.description + "<br>");
77 }
78 },
79 error: function(err) {
80 console.log(err);
81 $('#result').append("Error: " + err.responseText + "<br>");
82 }
83 });
84 });
85
86 $('#operation').change(function() {
87
88 var operation = $('#operation').val();
89
90 $('#raw_area').css('display', 'none');
91 $('#raw_area_2').css('display', 'none');
92 $('#raw').val('');
93 $('#raw2').val('');
94
95 if (operation == "create_springboot_settings") {
96 var strRaw = '{"number_of_shards":5,"number_of_replicas":1}';
97 $('#raw').val(strRaw);
98 $('#raw_area').css('display', '');
99 } else if (operation == "create_doc1_auto") {
100 var d = Date.now();
101 var strRaw = '{"name":"Elastic Search - ' + d + '","author":"Elastic Company","count":3}';
102 $('#raw').val(strRaw);
103 $('#raw_area').css('display', '');
104 } else if (operation == "create_doc1_2") {
105 var strRaw = '{"name":"Elastic Search","author":"Elastic Company","count":8}';
106 $('#raw').val(strRaw);
107 $('#raw_area').css('display', '');
108 } else if (operation == "create_doc1_batch") {
109 var strRaw = '{"name":"Elastic Search 2","author":"Elastic Company 2","count":11}';
110 var strRaw2 = '{"name":"Elastic Search 3","author":"Elastic Company 3","count":22}';
111 $('#raw').val(strRaw);
112 $('#raw2').val(strRaw2);
113 $('#raw_area').css('display', '');
114 $('#raw_area_2').css('display', '');
115 } else if (operation == "modify_doc1_2") {
116 var strRaw = '{"count": 99}';
117 $('#raw').val(strRaw);
118 $('#raw_area').css('display', '');
119 }
120 });
121
122 });
123
124 </script>
125
126 </body>
127 </html>
3) 修改 src/main/java/com/example/controller/IndexController.java 文件
1 package com.example.controller;
2
3 import java.io.IOException;
4 import java.util.Map;
5 import java.util.HashMap;
6
7 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
8 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
9 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
10 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
11 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
12
13 import org.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchStatusException;
14 import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentType;
15 import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings;
16 import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
17 import org.elasticsearch.client.RequestOptions;
18 import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.CreateIndexRequest;
19 import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.CreateIndexResponse;
20 import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.GetIndexRequest;
21 import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.GetIndexResponse;
22
23 import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.delete.DeleteIndexRequest;
24 import org.elasticsearch.action.support.master.AcknowledgedResponse;
25 import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexRequest;
26 import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexResponse;
27 import org.elasticsearch.action.get.GetRequest;
28 import org.elasticsearch.action.get.GetResponse;
29 import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkRequest;
30 import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkResponse;
31 import org.elasticsearch.action.update.UpdateRequest;
32 import org.elasticsearch.action.update.UpdateResponse;
33 import org.elasticsearch.action.delete.DeleteRequest;
34 import org.elasticsearch.action.delete.DeleteResponse;
35
36 import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchRequest;
37 import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchResponse;
38 import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
39 import org.elasticsearch.search.builder.SearchSourceBuilder;
40 import org.elasticsearch.search.fetch.subphase.FetchSourceContext;
41 import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHit;
42
43 @Controller
44 public class IndexController {
45
46 @Autowired
47 private RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient;
48
49 @ResponseBody
50 @RequestMapping("/test")
51 public String test() {
52 return "Test Page";
53 }
54
55 @RequestMapping("/client")
56 public String client() {
57 return "client";
58 }
59
60 @ResponseBody
61 @RequestMapping("/operation")
62 public Map<String, String> operationPost(@RequestParam String operation,
63 @RequestParam String raw, @RequestParam String raw2) {
64
65 Map<String, String> map = new HashMap();
66 if ("".equals(operation)) {
67 map.put("ret", "ERROR");
68 map.put("description", "Operation is empty");
69 } else {
70
71 try {
72
73 if ("create_springboot".equals(operation)) {
74
75 CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest("springboot");
76 CreateIndexResponse response = restHighLevelClient.indices().create(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
77
78 //System.out.println(response);
79 map.put("ret", "OK");
80 map.put("description", "create_springboot -> " + response.index());
81
82 } else if ("get_springboot".equals(operation)) {
83
84 GetIndexRequest request = new GetIndexRequest("springboot");
85 GetIndexResponse response = restHighLevelClient.indices().get(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
86
87 //System.out.println(response);
88 map.put("ret", "OK");
89 map.put("description", "get_springboot -> " + response.getSettings().toString());
90
91 } else if ("delete_springboot".equals(operation)) {
92
93 DeleteIndexRequest request = new DeleteIndexRequest("springboot");
94 AcknowledgedResponse response = restHighLevelClient.indices().delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
95
96 //System.out.println(response);
97 map.put("ret", "OK");
98 map.put("description", "delete_springboot -> " + response.toString());
99
100 } else if ("create_springboot_settings".equals(operation)) {
101
102 CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest("springboot");
103 request.settings(raw, XContentType.JSON);
104 CreateIndexResponse response = restHighLevelClient.indices().create(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
105
106 System.out.println(response);
107 map.put("ret", "OK");
108 map.put("description", "create_springboot_settings -> " + response.index());
109
110 } else if ("get_springboot_settings".equals(operation)) {
111
112 GetIndexRequest request = new GetIndexRequest("springboot");
113 GetIndexResponse response = restHighLevelClient.indices().get(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
114
115 System.out.println(response);
116 map.put("ret", "OK");
117 map.put("description", "get_springboot_settings -> settings: " + response.getSettings()
118 + ", mapping: " + response.getMappings());
119
120 } else if ("create_doc1_auto".equals(operation)) {
121
122 IndexRequest indexRequest = new IndexRequest();
123 indexRequest.index("springboot");
124 indexRequest.type("doc1");
125 indexRequest.source(raw, XContentType.JSON);
126 IndexResponse response = restHighLevelClient.index(indexRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
127
128 System.out.println(response);
129 map.put("ret", "OK");
130 map.put("description", "create_doc1_auto -> id = " + response.getId() + " (" + raw + ")");
131
132 } else if ("create_doc1_2".equals(operation)) {
133
134 IndexRequest indexRequest = new IndexRequest();
135 indexRequest.index("springboot");
136 indexRequest.type("doc1");
137 indexRequest.id("2");
138 indexRequest.source(raw, XContentType.JSON);
139 IndexResponse response = restHighLevelClient.index(indexRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
140
141 System.out.println(response);
142 map.put("ret", "OK");
143 map.put("description", "create_doc1_2 -> id = " + response.getId() + " (" + raw + ")");
144
145 } else if ("create_doc1_batch".equals(operation)) {
146
147 BulkRequest bulkRequest = new BulkRequest("springboot", "doc1");
148
149 IndexRequest indexRequest1 = new IndexRequest();
150 indexRequest1.source(raw, XContentType.JSON);
151
152 IndexRequest indexRequest2 = new IndexRequest();
153 indexRequest2.source(raw2, XContentType.JSON);
154
155 bulkRequest.add(indexRequest1);
156 bulkRequest.add(indexRequest2);
157
158 BulkResponse response = restHighLevelClient.bulk(bulkRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
159
160 System.out.println(response);
161 map.put("ret", "OK");
162 map.put("description", "create_doc1_batch -> " + response.status());
163
164 } else if ("get_doc1_2".equals(operation)) {
165
166 GetRequest getRequest = new GetRequest();
167 getRequest.index("springboot");
168 getRequest.type("doc1");
169 getRequest.id("2");
170 getRequest.fetchSourceContext(new FetchSourceContext(true));
171 GetResponse response = restHighLevelClient.get(getRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
172
173 System.out.println(response);
174 map.put("ret", "OK");
175 map.put("description", "get_doc1_2 -> " + response.getSourceAsString());
176
177 } else if ("modify_doc1_2".equals(operation)) {
178
179 UpdateRequest updateRequest = new UpdateRequest();
180 updateRequest.index("springboot");
181 updateRequest.type("doc1");
182 updateRequest.id("2");
183
184 updateRequest.doc(raw, XContentType.JSON);
185 UpdateResponse response = restHighLevelClient.update(updateRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
186
187 System.out.println(response);
188 map.put("ret", "OK");
189 map.put("description", "modify_doc1_2 -> " + response.status());
190
191 } else if ("delete_doc1_2".equals(operation)) {
192
193 DeleteRequest deleteRequest = new DeleteRequest();
194 deleteRequest.index("springboot");
195 deleteRequest.type("doc1");
196 deleteRequest.id("2");
197 DeleteResponse response = restHighLevelClient.delete(deleteRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
198
199 System.out.println(response);
200 map.put("ret", "OK");
201 map.put("description", "delete_doc1_2 -> " + response.status());
202
203 } else if ("query_springboot_docs".equals(operation)) {
204
205 SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest("springboot");
206
207 SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
208 sourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
209 searchRequest.source(sourceBuilder);
210 SearchResponse response = restHighLevelClient.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
211
212 System.out.println(response);
213
214 String ret = response.status().toString();
215 if ("OK".equals(ret)) {
216 ret = "";
217 for (SearchHit hit : response.getHits()) {
218 if (ret.isEmpty()) {
219 ret = hit.getSourceAsString();
220 } else {
221 ret += " | " + hit.getSourceAsString();
222 }
223 }
224 }
225
226 map.put("ret", "OK");
227 map.put("description", "query_springboot_docs -> " + ret);
228
229 } else if ("term_query_springboot_docs".equals(operation)) {
230
231 SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest("springboot");
232
233 SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
234 sourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.termQuery("name.keyword","Elastic Search"));
235 searchRequest.source(sourceBuilder);
236 SearchResponse response = restHighLevelClient.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
237
238 System.out.println(response);
239
240 String ret = response.status().toString();
241 if ("OK".equals(ret)) {
242 ret = "";
243 for (SearchHit hit : response.getHits()) {
244 if (ret.isEmpty()) {
245 ret = hit.getSourceAsString();
246 } else {
247 ret += " | " + hit.getSourceAsString();
248 }
249 }
250 }
251
252 map.put("ret", "OK");
253 map.put("description", "term_query_springboot_docs -> " + ret);
254
255 } else if ("match_query_springboot_docs".equals(operation)) {
256
257 SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest("springboot");
258
259 SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
260 sourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name","Elastic Search"));
261 searchRequest.source(sourceBuilder);
262 SearchResponse response = restHighLevelClient.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
263
264 System.out.println(response);
265
266 String ret = response.status().toString();
267 if ("OK".equals(ret)) {
268 ret = "";
269 for (SearchHit hit : response.getHits()) {
270 if (ret.isEmpty()) {
271 ret = hit.getSourceAsString();
272 } else {
273 ret += " | " + hit.getSourceAsString();
274 }
275 }
276 }
277
278 map.put("ret", "OK");
279 map.put("description", "match_query_springboot_docs -> " + ret);
280
281 } else {
282 map.put("ret", "ERROR");
283 map.put("description", "Invalid operation");
284 }
285
286 } catch (ElasticsearchStatusException e) {
287 map.put("ret", "ERROR");
288 map.put("description", e.getMessage());
289 } catch (IOException e) {
290 map.put("ret", "ERROR");
291 map.put("description", e.getMessage());
292 }
293
294 }
295
296 return map;
297 }
298
299 }
确保 ElasticSearch 服务已正常运行，运行 SpringBoot 项目，浏览器访问 http://localhost:9090/client。