springboot消息之使用RabbitTemplate给rabbitmq发送和接收消息&序列化机制

1-引入spring-boot-starter-amqp

2-application.yml配置

3-测试RabbitMQ

    1--AmqpAdmin:管理组件

    2--RabbitTemplate:消息发送处理组件

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1-新建工程

选中spring for rabbitmq和web模块

2-RabbitMQ自动配置

• RabbitAutoConfiguration

• 自动配置了连接工厂ConnectionFactory

• RabbitProperties封装了RabbitMQ的配置

• RabbitTemplate :给RabbitMQ发送和接收消息

• AmqpAdmin : RabbitMQ系统管理功能组件,创建和删除exchange,queue,binding

3-application.properties中

spring.rabbitmq.host=192.168.3.18
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest
#spring.rabbitmq.port=
#spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=

4-测试类中写入

package com.example.springbootamqp;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@SpringBootTest
class SpringbootRabbitmqAmqpApplicationTests {
    
    @Autowired
    RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    /*
    1`单播(点对点)
     */
    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        //Message需要自己构造一个;定义消息体内容和消息头
        //rabbitTemplate.send(exchange,routeKey,message);
        
        //object默认当成消息体,只需要传入要发送的对象,自动序列化发送给rabbitmq
        //rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exchange,routeKey,object);

        Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("msg","这是第一个消息");
        map.put("data", Arrays.asList("helloword",123,true));
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("exchange.direct","atguigu.news",map);
    }

}

5-运行测试类

6-添加接收消息测试方法

    @Test
    public void receive(){
        Object o = rabbitTemplate.receiveAndConvert("atguigu.news");
        System.out.println(o.getClass()); //查看对象类型
        System.out.println(o);//输出对象
    }

运行此测试类方法

收到之后队列里就没有这个数据了

7-如何将数据自动的转为json发送出去?

新建config包MyAMQPConfig配置类

package com.example.springbootamqp.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConverter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class MyAMQPConfig {

    @Bean
    public MessageConverter messageConverter(){
        return new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter();
    }
}

运行发送消息测试方法

8-发送和接收自定义数据类型消息

新建bean包Book类

package com.example.springbootamqp.bean;

public class Book {
    private String bookName;
    private String author;

    public Book() {
    }

    public Book(String bookName, String author) {
        this.bookName = bookName;
        this.author = author;
    }

    public String getBookName() {
        return bookName;
    }

    public void setBookName(String bookName) {
        this.bookName = bookName;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }
}

修改测试方法

发送消息

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("exchange.direct","atguigu.news",new Book("西游记","吴承恩"));
    }

反序列化接收消息

9-测试广播

添加测试方法

     /**
     * 广播
     */
    @Test
    public void sendMsg(){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("exchange.fanout","",new Book("三国演义","罗贯中"));
    }