查看磁盘个数
fdisk -l
Disk /dev/vda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000bcf72
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/vda2 2099200 104857599 51379200 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/vdb: 1073.7 GB, 1073741824000 bytes, 2097152000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 50.5 GB, 50457477120 bytes, 98549760 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev
tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 16G 26M 16G 1% /run
tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root 47G 9.2G 38G 20% /
/dev/vda1 1014M 217M 798M 22% /boot
tmpfs 3.2G 0 3.2G 0% /run/user/0
可以看到，还有一块/dev/vdb的磁盘尚未挂载，对该盘符进行挂载
格式化盘符
磁盘分区
# 进入fdisk模式，开始对新增数据盘执行分区操作
# 操作前务必确定磁盘可以格式化，若已有数据会全部抹除！！！
# 操作前务必确定磁盘可以格式化，若已有数据会全部抹除！！！
# 操作前务必确定磁盘可以格式化，若已有数据会全部抹除！！！
fdisk /dev/vdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xe7ad60ad.
Command (m for help):
# 在上述回执中输入n，开始磁盘分区，后续操作一路default即可。
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p):
Using default response p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-2097151999, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-2097151999, default 2097151999):
Using default value 2097151999
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 1000 GiB is set
Command (m for help):
# 此时输入w，将分区信息写入磁盘
# 如回显信息如下，则说明分区成功：
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
设置磁盘格式化格式
# 查看现有磁盘格式
df -hT
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs devtmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 16G 26M 16G 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 47G 9.1G 38G 20% /
/dev/vda1 xfs 1014M 217M 798M 22% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 3.2G 0 3.2G 0% /run/user/0
# 可以看到/dev/vda1的磁盘格式为xfs，将新挂载磁盘格式也设置为xfs
# 查看磁盘信息
fdisk -l
Disk /dev/vda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000bcf72
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/vda2 2099200 104857599 51379200 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/vdb: 1073.7 GB, 1073741824000 bytes, 2097152000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xe7ad60ad
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vdb1 2048 2097151999 1048574976 83 Linux
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 50.5 GB, 50457477120 bytes, 98549760 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
# 可以看到新磁盘下多了/dev/vdb1分区
# 设置待挂载磁盘格式
mkfs -t xfs /dev/vdb1
# 回显如下
meta-data=/dev/vdb1 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=65535936 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=262143744, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=127999, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
挂载磁盘
# 创建待挂载目录
mkdir /data
# 执行挂载
mount /dev/vdb1 /data