win_bat: FOR syntax learning

FOR syntax learning

一、代码及注释

 1 @echo off
 2 
 3 dir
 4 g:
 5 cd .\tmpWorkspaces
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14 rem for -- learning
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19 rem    ==    for /d  d=directory; list names of directories in the given directories
20 rem    for /d %%i  in (g:\*) do echo %%i
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22 
23 rem    ==    for /r  r=recursive directory;  list specified file names in current directory and its subdirectories.
24 rem    for /r g:\  %%i  in (*.exe) do  echo %%i
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26 
27 rem    ==    for /l  l= a sequence digit; output a sequence of digits.
28 rem    for /l %%i in (1,2,10) do echo %%i
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30 
31 rem ==    for /f  f = file contents; deal with contets of specified files.
32 rem    FOR /F "eol=; tokens=1,2* delims=,- " %%i in (g:\tmpWorkspaces\testfor.txt) do echo %%i %%j %%k
33 rem    for /F "tokens=1,2,3,4* " %%i in (g:\tmpWorkspaces\testfor.txt) do echo %%i %%j %%k %%l
34 rem for /F "tokens=1,2,3,4*" %%i in (g:\tmpWorkspaces\testfor.txt) do echo %%i %%j %%k %%l
35 rem    for /f "eol== tokens=1,2,3,4* "  %%a in (g:\tmpWorkspaces\testfor.txt) do echo %%a %%b %%c %%d
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43 
44 rem  expends '%I'
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47 goto explanation
48 
49 In addition, substitution of FOR variable references has been enhanced.
50 You can now use the following optional syntax:
51 
52     %~I         - expands %I removing any surrounding quotes (")
53     %~fI        - expands %I to a fully qualified path name
54     %~dI        - expands %I to a drive letter only
55     %~pI        - expands %I to a path only
56     %~nI        - expands %I to a file name only
57     %~xI        - expands %I to a file extension only
58     %~sI        - expanded path contains short names only
59     %~aI        - expands %I to file attributes of file
60     %~tI        - expands %I to date/time of file
61     %~zI        - expands %I to size of file
62     %~$PATH:I   - searches the directories listed in the PATH
63                    environment variable and expands %I to the
64                    fully qualified name of the first one found.
65                    If the environment variable name is not
66                    defined or the file is not found by the
67                    search, then this modifier expands to the
68                    empty string
69 
70 The modifiers can be combined to get compound results:
71 
72     %~dpI       - expands %I to a drive letter and path only
73     %~nxI       - expands %I to a file name and extension only
74     %~fsI       - expands %I to a full path name with short names only
75     %~dp$PATH:I - searches the directories listed in the PATH
76                    environment variable for %I and expands to the
77                    drive letter and path of the first one found.
78     %~ftzaI     - expands %I to a DIR like output line
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80 In the above examples %I and PATH can be replaced by other valid
81 values.  The %~ syntax is terminated by a valid FOR variable name.
82 Picking upper case variable names like %I makes it more readable and
83 avoids confusion with the modifiers, which are not case sensitive.
84 
85 :explanation
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87 
88 rem ==    %%~ni： print file name only.
89 rem    FOR /F "delims==" %%i IN ('dir /b') DO @echo %%~ni
90 
91 rem ==    %%~fnxazi： f: full path name; n:file name; x:file extension name;
92 rem a:file attributes; z:file size; i:delete quotes(")
93 FOR /F "delims==" %%i IN ('dir /b') DO @echo %%~fnxazi

二、参考资料

　　1、help(environment: cmd.exe)     G:\tmpWorkspaces>for /?

　　2、bat 批处理 for 入门　　https://www.jb51.net/article/134025.htm