Ubuntu24.04 搭建 Flutter 开发环境

安装 Flutter

Flutter 中文社区下载 https://docs.flutter.cn/get-started/install/linux/android

创建目录 DevTools， 用来存放开发软件

mkdir ~/DevTools

下载 Flutter

wget https://storage.flutter-io.cn/flutter_infra_release/releases/stable/linux/flutter_linux_3.24.5-stable.tar.xz

解压

tar -xvf flutter_linux_3.24.5-stable.tar.xz

将 flutter 软件复制到 DevTools 目录

mv flutter_linux_3.24.4-stable/flutter ~/DevTools

配置系统环境变量

echo 'export PATH=$PATH:~/DevTools/flutter/bin' >> ~/.zshrc

配置 Flutter 镜像

echo 'export PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/dart-pub'  >> ~/.zshrc
echo 'export FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/flutter'  >> ~/.zshrc

安装 Android Studio

推荐使用 Jetbrain ToolBox 安装 Android Studio

配置 ADB 环境变量

export 'PATH=$PATH:~/Android/Sdk/platform-tools' >> ~/.zshrc

依赖

使用 Android Studio 安装 cmdline

安装系统依赖

sudo apt install clang  cmake ninja-build libgtk-3-dev -y

同意安卓协议，看到提示 **Accept? (y/N): **， 输入 y， 按 Enter 键， 直到看到提示 All SDK package licenses accepted

flutter doctor --android-licenses

检查依赖是否完全解决

flutter doctor

Flutter assets will be downloaded from https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/flutter. Make sure you trust this source!
Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, 3.24.4, on Ubuntu 24.04.1 LTS 6.8.0-48-generic, locale en_US.UTF-8)
[✓] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 34.0.0)
[✓] Chrome - develop for the web
[✓] Linux toolchain - develop for Linux desktop
[✓] Android Studio (version 2024.2)
[✓] Proxy Configuration
[✓] Connected device (2 available)
[✓] Network resources

• No issues found!

问题修复

错误1

[✗] Linux toolchain - develop for Linux desktop
    ✗ clang++ is required for Linux development.
      It is likely available from your distribution (e.g.: apt install clang), or can be downloaded from
      https://releases.llvm.org/
    ✗ CMake is required for Linux development.
      It is likely available from your distribution (e.g.: apt install cmake), or can be downloaded from
      https://cmake.org/download/
    ✗ ninja is required for Linux development.
      It is likely available from your distribution (e.g.: apt install ninja-build), or can be downloaded from
      https://github.com/ninja-build/ninja/releases
    ✗ GTK 3.0 development libraries are required for Linux development.
      They are likely available from your distribution (e.g.: apt install libgtk-3-dev)

解决方法

sudo apt install clang  cmake ninja-build libgtk-3-dev -y

错误2

[!] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 34.0.0)
    ! Some Android licenses not accepted. To resolve this, run: flutter doctor --android-licenses

使用以下命令， 同意协议

flutter doctor --android-licenses

看到提示 **Accept? (y/N): **， 输入 y， 按 Enter 键， 直到看到提示 All SDK package licenses accepted

错误3

[✗] Chrome - develop for the web (Cannot find Chrome executable at google-chrome)
    ! Cannot find Chrome. Try setting CHROME_EXECUTABLE to a Chrome executable.

Flutter 开发 Web 项目，需要安装 Google Chrome 浏览器

方式1： 使用 flatpak 安装

flatpak install flathub com.google.Chrome

方式2： 使用 deb 包安装

wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb

sudo dpkg -i google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb