———————————————————————————————————————
主机操作系统：Centos 6.7
交叉编译器环境：arm-linux-gcc-4.5.4
开发板平台： FL2440
Linux内核版本： linux-3.0
开发模块： HELLO入门驱动
邮箱：[email protected]
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1.1创建一个hello.c文件
[leiyuxing@centos6 ~]$ mkdir hello
[leiyuxing@centos6 ~]$ ls
dropbear-0.53.1 fl2440 vmware-tools-distrib 模板 图片 下载 桌面
dropbear-0.53.1.tar.bz2 hello 公共的 视频 文档 音乐
[leiyuxing@centos6 ~]$ cd hello/
[leiyuxing@centos6 hello]$ ls
[leiyuxing@centos6 hello]$ vim hello.c
/******************************************************************************
* Copyright: (C) 2016 leiyuxing<[email protected]>
* All rights reserved.
*
* Filename: hello.c
* Description: This file
*
* Version: 1.0.0(2016年07月23日)
* Author: leiyuxing <[email protected]>
* ChangeLog: 1, Release initial version on "2016年7月23日19时48分00秒"
*
*
*******************************************************************************/
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
static int hello_init(void)
{
printk(KERN_ALERT "Hello, leiyuxing\n");
return 0;
}
static void hello_exit(void)
{
printk(KERN_ALERT "Goodbye, leiyuxing\n");
}
module_init(hello_init);
module_exit(hello_exit);
这个模块定义了两个函数，其中一个在模块被装载打到内核是调用（hello——init），而另一个则是在模块被移除时调用（hello_exit）。
特殊宏（MODULE_LICENSE）用来告诉内核，该模块采取自由许可证，如果没有这样的声明，内核在装载该模块时会产生抱怨。
1.2Hello 驱动的Makefile编写：
适用于Linux操作系统：
1.2 在hello.c同一级目录下创建Makefile
[leiyuxing@centos6 hello]$ vim Makefile
obj-m=hello.o //驱动模块从目标文件中构造
modules:
make -C /lib/modules/`uname -r`/build/ M=`pwd` modules -C指定内核源代码的目录 uname -r获得自己内核的版本信息M指定编译生成的文件放在哪个路径中
make clean
clean:
rm -f *.o *.mod.c *.order *.symvers
[leiyuxing@centos6 hello]$ ls
hello.c makefile
[leiyuxing@centos6 hello]$ make
make -C /lib/modules/`uname -r`/build/ M=`pwd` modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-573.el6.i686'
CC [M] /home/leiyuxing/hello/hello.o
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST 1 modules
CC /home/leiyuxing/hello/hello.mod.o
LD [M] /home/leiyuxing/hello/hello.ko.unsigned
NO SIGN [M] /home/leiyuxing/hello/hello.ko
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-573.el6.i686'
make clean
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/leiyuxing/hello'
rm -f *.o *.mod.c *.order *.symvers
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/leiyuxing/hello'
[leiyuxing@centos6 hello]$ ls
hello.c hello.ko hello.ko.unsigned Makefile
[leiyuxing@centos6 hello]$ sudo insmod ./hello.ko
[leiyuxing@centos6 hello]$ dmesg
可以看到:
[leiyuxing@centos6 hello]$ sudo rmmod ./hello.ko
[leiyuxing@centos6 hello]$ dmesg
可以看到：
[leiyuxing@centos6 hello]$ lsmod
[leiyuxing@centos6 hello]$ dmesg
2.1适用于fl2440开发板：
[leiyuxing@centos6 hello.1]$ vim Makefile
C=/opt/buildroot-2012.08/arm920t/usr/bin/arm-linux-gcc
KDIR?=/home/leiyuxing/fl2440/kernel/linux-3.0
obj-m:=hello.o
default:
$(MAKE) -C $(KDIR) M=`pwd` modules
make clean
clean:
rm -f *.o *mod.c *.order *.symvers
[leiyuxing@centos6 hello.1]$ make
make -C /home/leiyuxing/fl2440/kernel/linux-3.0 M=`pwd` modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/leiyuxing/fl2440/kernel/linux-3.0'
CC [M] /home/leiyuxing/hello.1/hello.o
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST 1 modules
CC /home/leiyuxing/hello.1/hello.mod.o
LD [M] /home/leiyuxing/hello.1/hello.ko
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/leiyuxing/fl2440/kernel/linux-3.0'
make clean
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/leiyuxing/hello.1'
rm -f *.o *mod.c *.order *.symvers
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/leiyuxing/hello.1'
[leiyuxing@centos6 hello.1]$ ls
hello.c hello.ko Makefile
2.2在开发板上操作：
首先在开发板上操作之前我们必须理解以下几个命令的含义：
U-Boot 2010.09 (Mar 28 2016 - 12:51:00)
DRAM: 64 MiB
NAND: 256 MiB
*** Warning - bad CRC or NAND, using default environment
没有保存u-boot的环境变量，敲save命令解决。
1, mount命令用来查看挂载的文件系统；
2, dmesg命令用来查看Linux内核打印的启动或调试信息，内核或驱动printk打印的信息；
3, cat /proc/mtd 查看分区情况，也可以用dmesg命令查看；
4，umount /dev/mtdblock4 块设备只是用来挂载或卸载的，使用时要建立文件系统；
5，flash_eraseall /dev/mtd4命令用来在Linux运行时擦除某一个分区，擦除之前一定先卸载；
6，挂载一个普通分区： mount -t jffs2或者yaffs2 /dev/mtdblock4 /data/
7, 升级内核：
flash_eraseall /dev/mtd1 擦除整个分区
ifconfig eth0 192.168.2.168 up
tftp -gr linuxrom-s3c2440.bin 192.168.2.219
nandwrite -p /dev/mtd1 linuxrom-s3c2440.bin
更换根文件系统类型，务必：
1， 如果是在Linux系统运行时，先卸载文件系统: umount /dev/mtdblock4
2， 擦除整个分区
3， 再挂载 mount -t jffs2 /dev/mtdblock4 /data/
4，/data 这个路径没有被挂载到某个分区上，所以他属于根文件系统。写入到/data里的文件实际上写到了根文件系统里了。如果根文件系统是Initramfs，那么就写入到内存中去了。因为initramfs是基于内存的一种文件系统，掉电文件丢失。
5，一旦/data被挂载之后，/data下的就是相应分区里的文件。写入到/data路径下的文件就写入到了相应的分区下。
下面开始在开发板上操作：
>: ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:3E:26:0A:51
inet addr:192.168.1.111 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:71 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:8010 (7.8 KiB) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
Interrupt:51 Base address:0x2300
下载前要先把配置好网卡的内核与之前的进行替换
>: tftp -gr hello.ko 192.168.1.2
hello.ko 100% |*******************************| 2138 0:00:00 ETA
>: ls
apps init sbin
bin lib sys
data linuxrc tmp
dev linuxrom-s3c2440.bin usr
etc mnt var
hello.ko proc
info root
>: insmod hello.ko
Hello, leiyuxing
>: ls /lib/modules/3.0.0/modules.dep.bb
>: ls /lib/
ld-uClibc-0.9.33.2.so libnsl-0.9.33.2.so
ld-uClibc.so.0 libnsl.so.0
libc.so.0 libpthread-0.9.33.2.so
libcrypt-0.9.33.2.so libpthread.so.0
libcrypt.so.0 libresolv-0.9.33.2.so
libdl-0.9.33.2.so libresolv.so.0
libdl.so.0 librt-0.9.33.2.so
libgcc_s.so librt.so.0
libgcc_s.so.1 libstdc++.so
libm-0.9.33.2.so libstdc++.so.6
libm.so.0 libstdc++.so.6.0.14
libmudflap.so libstdc++.so.6.0.14-gdb.py
libmudflap.so.0 libuClibc-0.9.33.2.so
libmudflap.so.0.0.0 libutil-0.9.33.2.so
libmudflapth.so libutil.so.0
libmudflapth.so.0 modules
libmudflapth.so.0.0.0
>: dmesg
Linux version 3.0.0 ([email protected]) (gcc version 4.5.4 (Buildroot 2012.08) ) #10 Sun Jul 24 18:39:28 CST 2016
CPU: ARM920T [41129200] revision 0 (ARMv4T), cr=c0007177
CPU: VIVT data cache, VIVT instruction cache
Machine: SMDK2440
Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback
CPU S3C2440A (id 0x32440001)
S3C24XX Clocks, Copyright 2004 Simtec Electronics
S3C244X: core 405.000 MHz, memory 101.250 MHz, peripheral 50.625 MHz
CLOCK: Slow mode (1.500 MHz), fast, MPLL on, UPLL on
On node 0 totalpages: 16384
free_area_init_node: node 0, pgdat c0477674, node_mem_map c04b0000
Normal zone: 128 pages used for memmap
Normal zone: 0 pages reserved
Normal zone: 16256 pages, LIFO batch:3
pcpu-alloc: s0 r0 d32768 u32768 alloc=1*32768
pcpu-alloc: [0] 0
Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 16256
Kernel command line: console=ttyS0,115200 mem=64M ubi.mtd=2 root=ubi0:rootfs rootwait rootfstype=ubifs rw
PID hash table entries: 256 (order: -2, 1024 bytes)
Dentry cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
Memory: 64MB = 64MB total
Memory: 60112k/60112k available, 5424k reserved, 0K highmem
Virtual kernel memory layout:
vector : 0xffff0000 - 0xffff1000 ( 4 kB)
fixmap : 0xfff00000 - 0xfffe0000 ( 896 kB)
DMA : 0xffc00000 - 0xffe00000 ( 2 MB)
vmalloc : 0xc4800000 - 0xf6000000 ( 792 MB)
lowmem : 0xc0000000 - 0xc4000000 ( 64 MB)
modules : 0xbf000000 - 0xc0000000 ( 16 MB)
.init : 0xc0008000 - 0xc0029000 ( 132 kB)
.text : 0xc0029000 - 0xc0453000 (4264 kB)
.data : 0xc0454000 - 0xc0477ea0 ( 144 kB)
.bss : 0xc0477ec4 - 0xc04afc30 ( 224 kB)
SLUB: Genslabs=13, HWalign=32, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1
NR_IRQS:85
irq: clearing pending ext status 00080800
irq: clearing pending ext status 00080000
irq: clearing subpending status 00000003
irq: clearing subpending status 00000002
timer tcon=00500000, tcnt a4ca, tcfg 00000200,00000000, usec 00001e57
Console: colour dummy device 80x30
console [ttyS0] enabled
Calibrating delay loop... 201.52 BogoMIPS (lpj=503808)
pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
Mount-cache hash table entries: 512
CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok
gpiochip_add: gpios 288..303 (GPIOK) failed to register
gpiochip_add: gpios 320..334 (GPIOL) failed to register
gpiochip_add: gpios 352..353 (GPIOM) failed to register
NET: Registered protocol family 16
S3C Power Management, Copyright 2004 Simtec Electronics
S3C2440: Initialising architecture
S3C2440: IRQ Support
S3C244X: Clock Support, DVS off
bio: create slab <bio-0> at 0
SCSI subsystem initialized
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
usbcore: registered new device driver usb
s3c-i2c s3c2440-i2c: slave address 0x10
s3c-i2c s3c2440-i2c: bus frequency set to 98 KHz
s3c-i2c s3c2440-i2c: i2c-0: S3C I2C adapter
Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Version 1.0.24.
cfg80211: Calling CRDA to update world regulatory domain
NET: Registered protocol family 2
IP route cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
TCP established hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
TCP bind hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 2048 bind 2048)
TCP reno registered
UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
NET: Registered protocol family 1
RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module.
RPC: Registered udp transport module.
RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.
NetWinder Floating Point Emulator V0.97 (extended precision)
NTFS driver 2.1.30 [Flags: R/W].
ROMFS MTD (C) 2007 Red Hat, Inc.
msgmni has been set to 117
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler deadline registered
io scheduler cfq registered (default)
Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 60x53
fb0: s3c2410fb frame buffer device
s3c2440-uart.0: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x50000000 (irq = 70) is a S3C2440
s3c2440-uart.1: ttyS1 at MMIO 0x50004000 (irq = 73) is a S3C2440
s3c2440-uart.2: ttyS2 at MMIO 0x50008000 (irq = 76) is a S3C2440
brd: module loaded
loop: module loaded
S3C24XX NAND Driver, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics
s3c24xx-nand s3c2440-nand: Tacls=3, 29ns Twrph0=7 69ns, Twrph1=3 29ns
s3c24xx-nand s3c2440-nand: NAND soft ECC
NAND device: Manufacturer ID: 0xec, Chip ID: 0xda (Samsung NAND 256MiB 3,3V 8-bit)
Scanning device for bad blocks
Bad eraseblock 46 at 0x0000005c0000
Bad eraseblock 397 at 0x0000031a0000
Creating 6 MTD partitions on "NAND":
0x000000000000-0x000000100000 : "mtdblock0 u-boot 1MB"
0x000000100000-0x000001000000 : "mtdblock1 kernel 15MB"
0x000001000000-0x000005000000 : "mtdblock2 rootfs 64MB"
0x000005000000-0x00000a000000 : "mtdblock3 apps 80MB"
0x00000a000000-0x00000d000000 : "mtdblock4 data 48MB"
0x00000d000000-0x000010000000 : "mtdblock5 backup 48MB"
UBI: attaching mtd2 to ubi0
UBI: physical eraseblock size: 131072 bytes (128 KiB)
UBI: logical eraseblock size: 129024 bytes
UBI: smallest flash I/O unit: 2048
UBI: sub-page size: 512
UBI: VID header offset: 512 (aligned 512)
UBI: data offset: 2048
UBI: max. sequence number: 0
UBI: volume 0 ("rootfs") re-sized from 490 to 502 LEBs
UBI: attached mtd2 to ubi0
UBI: MTD device name: "mtdblock2 rootfs 64MB"
UBI: MTD device size: 64 MiB
UBI: number of good PEBs: 511
UBI: number of bad PEBs: 1
UBI: number of corrupted PEBs: 0
UBI: max. allowed volumes: 128
UBI: wear-leveling threshold: 4096
UBI: number of internal volumes: 1
UBI: number of user volumes: 1
UBI: available PEBs: 0
UBI: total number of reserved PEBs: 511
UBI: number of PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling: 5
UBI: max/mean erase counter: 1/0
UBI: image sequence number: 378407341
UBI: background thread "ubi_bgt0d" started, PID 700
dm9000 Ethernet Driver, V1.31
eth0: dm9000a at c4862300,c4864304 IRQ 51 MAC: 08:00:3e:26:0a:51 (chip)
ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver
s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: S3C24XX OHCI
s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: irq 42, io mem 0x49000000
hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
hub 1-0:1.0: 2 ports detected
usbcore: registered new interface driver libusual
s3c2410_udc: debugfs dir creation failed -19
mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
S3C24XX RTC, (c) 2004,2006 Simtec Electronics
i2c /dev entries driver
sdhci: Secure Digital Host Controller Interface driver
sdhci: Copyright(c) Pierre Ossman
Registered led device: led4
Registered led device: led5
Registered led device: led6
Registered led device: led7
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
usbhid: USB HID core driver
ALSA device list:
No soundcards found.
TCP cubic registered
NET: Registered protocol family 17
lib80211: common routines for IEEE802.11 drivers
lib80211_crypt: registered algorithm 'NULL'
Registering the dns_resolver key type
drivers/rtc/hctosys.c: unable to open rtc device (rtc0)
UBIFS: mounted UBI device 0, volume 0, name "rootfs"
UBIFS: file system size: 61931520 bytes (60480 KiB, 59 MiB, 480 LEBs)
UBIFS: journal size: 8257536 bytes (8064 KiB, 7 MiB, 64 LEBs)
UBIFS: media format: w4/r0 (latest is w4/r0)
UBIFS: default compressor: lzo
UBIFS: reserved for root: 0 bytes (0 KiB)
VFS: Mounted root (ubifs filesystem) on device 0:12.
Freeing init memory: 132K
usb 1-1: new full speed USB device number 2 using s3c2410-ohci
usb 1-1: device descriptor read/64, error -62
usb 1-1: device descriptor read/64, error -62
usb 1-1: new full speed USB device number 3 using s3c2410-ohci
usb 1-1: device descriptor read/64, error -62
usb 1-1: device descriptor read/64, error -62
usb 1-1: new full speed USB device number 4 using s3c2410-ohci
usb 1-1: device not accepting address 4, error -62
usb 1-1: new full speed USB device number 5 using s3c2410-ohci
usb 1-1: device not accepting address 5, error -62
hub 1-0:1.0: unable to enumerate USB device on port 1
dm9000 dm9000: eth0: link down
dm9000 dm9000: eth0: link up, 100Mbps, full-duplex, lpa 0x5DE1
Hello, leiyuxing
>: lsmod
hello 632 0 - Live 0xbf000000
>: rmmod hello
Goodbye, leiyuxing
>: dmesg
Linux version 3.0.0 ([email protected]) (gcc version 4.5.4 (Buildroot 2012.08) ) #10 Sun Jul 24 18:39:28 CST 2016
CPU: ARM920T [41129200] revision 0 (ARMv4T), cr=c0007177
CPU: VIVT data cache, VIVT instruction cache
Machine: SMDK2440
Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback
CPU S3C2440A (id 0x32440001)
S3C24XX Clocks, Copyright 2004 Simtec Electronics
S3C244X: core 405.000 MHz, memory 101.250 MHz, peripheral 50.625 MHz
CLOCK: Slow mode (1.500 MHz), fast, MPLL on, UPLL on
On node 0 totalpages: 16384
free_area_init_node: node 0, pgdat c0477674, node_mem_map c04b0000
Normal zone: 128 pages used for memmap
Normal zone: 0 pages reserved
Normal zone: 16256 pages, LIFO batch:3
pcpu-alloc: s0 r0 d32768 u32768 alloc=1*32768
pcpu-alloc: [0] 0
Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 16256
Kernel command line: console=ttyS0,115200 mem=64M ubi.mtd=2 root=ubi0:rootfs rootwait rootfstype=ubifs rw
PID hash table entries: 256 (order: -2, 1024 bytes)
Dentry cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
Memory: 64MB = 64MB total
Memory: 60112k/60112k available, 5424k reserved, 0K highmem
Virtual kernel memory layout:
vector : 0xffff0000 - 0xffff1000 ( 4 kB)
fixmap : 0xfff00000 - 0xfffe0000 ( 896 kB)
DMA : 0xffc00000 - 0xffe00000 ( 2 MB)
vmalloc : 0xc4800000 - 0xf6000000 ( 792 MB)
lowmem : 0xc0000000 - 0xc4000000 ( 64 MB)
modules : 0xbf000000 - 0xc0000000 ( 16 MB)
.init : 0xc0008000 - 0xc0029000 ( 132 kB)
.text : 0xc0029000 - 0xc0453000 (4264 kB)
.data : 0xc0454000 - 0xc0477ea0 ( 144 kB)
.bss : 0xc0477ec4 - 0xc04afc30 ( 224 kB)
SLUB: Genslabs=13, HWalign=32, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1
NR_IRQS:85
irq: clearing pending ext status 00080800
irq: clearing pending ext status 00080000
irq: clearing subpending status 00000003
irq: clearing subpending status 00000002
timer tcon=00500000, tcnt a4ca, tcfg 00000200,00000000, usec 00001e57
Console: colour dummy device 80x30
console [ttyS0] enabled
Calibrating delay loop... 201.52 BogoMIPS (lpj=503808)
pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
Mount-cache hash table entries: 512
CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok
gpiochip_add: gpios 288..303 (GPIOK) failed to register
gpiochip_add: gpios 320..334 (GPIOL) failed to register
gpiochip_add: gpios 352..353 (GPIOM) failed to register
NET: Registered protocol family 16
S3C Power Management, Copyright 2004 Simtec Electronics
S3C2440: Initialising architecture
S3C2440: IRQ Support
S3C244X: Clock Support, DVS off
bio: create slab <bio-0> at 0
SCSI subsystem initialized
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
usbcore: registered new device driver usb
s3c-i2c s3c2440-i2c: slave address 0x10
s3c-i2c s3c2440-i2c: bus frequency set to 98 KHz
s3c-i2c s3c2440-i2c: i2c-0: S3C I2C adapter
Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Version 1.0.24.
cfg80211: Calling CRDA to update world regulatory domain
NET: Registered protocol family 2
IP route cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
TCP established hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
TCP bind hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 2048 bind 2048)
TCP reno registered
UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
NET: Registered protocol family 1
RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module.
RPC: Registered udp transport module.
RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.
NetWinder Floating Point Emulator V0.97 (extended precision)
NTFS driver 2.1.30 [Flags: R/W].
ROMFS MTD (C) 2007 Red Hat, Inc.
msgmni has been set to 117
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler deadline registered
io scheduler cfq registered (default)
Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 60x53
fb0: s3c2410fb frame buffer device
s3c2440-uart.0: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x50000000 (irq = 70) is a S3C2440
s3c2440-uart.1: ttyS1 at MMIO 0x50004000 (irq = 73) is a S3C2440
s3c2440-uart.2: ttyS2 at MMIO 0x50008000 (irq = 76) is a S3C2440
brd: module loaded
loop: module loaded
S3C24XX NAND Driver, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics
s3c24xx-nand s3c2440-nand: Tacls=3, 29ns Twrph0=7 69ns, Twrph1=3 29ns
s3c24xx-nand s3c2440-nand: NAND soft ECC
NAND device: Manufacturer ID: 0xec, Chip ID: 0xda (Samsung NAND 256MiB 3,3V 8-bit)
Scanning device for bad blocks
Bad eraseblock 46 at 0x0000005c0000
Bad eraseblock 397 at 0x0000031a0000
Creating 6 MTD partitions on "NAND":
0x000000000000-0x000000100000 : "mtdblock0 u-boot 1MB"
0x000000100000-0x000001000000 : "mtdblock1 kernel 15MB"
0x000001000000-0x000005000000 : "mtdblock2 rootfs 64MB"
0x000005000000-0x00000a000000 : "mtdblock3 apps 80MB"
0x00000a000000-0x00000d000000 : "mtdblock4 data 48MB"
0x00000d000000-0x000010000000 : "mtdblock5 backup 48MB"
UBI: attaching mtd2 to ubi0
UBI: physical eraseblock size: 131072 bytes (128 KiB)
UBI: logical eraseblock size: 129024 bytes
UBI: smallest flash I/O unit: 2048
UBI: sub-page size: 512
UBI: VID header offset: 512 (aligned 512)
UBI: data offset: 2048
UBI: max. sequence number: 0
UBI: volume 0 ("rootfs") re-sized from 490 to 502 LEBs
UBI: attached mtd2 to ubi0
UBI: MTD device name: "mtdblock2 rootfs 64MB"
UBI: MTD device size: 64 MiB
UBI: number of good PEBs: 511
UBI: number of bad PEBs: 1
UBI: number of corrupted PEBs: 0
UBI: max. allowed volumes: 128
UBI: wear-leveling threshold: 4096
UBI: number of internal volumes: 1
UBI: number of user volumes: 1
UBI: available PEBs: 0
UBI: total number of reserved PEBs: 511
UBI: number of PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling: 5
UBI: max/mean erase counter: 1/0
UBI: image sequence number: 378407341
UBI: background thread "ubi_bgt0d" started, PID 700
dm9000 Ethernet Driver, V1.31
eth0: dm9000a at c4862300,c4864304 IRQ 51 MAC: 08:00:3e:26:0a:51 (chip)
ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver
s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: S3C24XX OHCI
s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: irq 42, io mem 0x49000000
hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
hub 1-0:1.0: 2 ports detected
usbcore: registered new interface driver libusual
s3c2410_udc: debugfs dir creation failed -19
mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
S3C24XX RTC, (c) 2004,2006 Simtec Electronics
i2c /dev entries driver
sdhci: Secure Digital Host Controller Interface driver
sdhci: Copyright(c) Pierre Ossman
Registered led device: led4
Registered led device: led5
Registered led device: led6
Registered led device: led7
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
usbhid: USB HID core driver
ALSA device list:
No soundcards found.
TCP cubic registered
NET: Registered protocol family 17
lib80211: common routines for IEEE802.11 drivers
lib80211_crypt: registered algorithm 'NULL'
Registering the dns_resolver key type
drivers/rtc/hctosys.c: unable to open rtc device (rtc0)
UBIFS: mounted UBI device 0, volume 0, name "rootfs"
UBIFS: file system size: 61931520 bytes (60480 KiB, 59 MiB, 480 LEBs)
UBIFS: journal size: 8257536 bytes (8064 KiB, 7 MiB, 64 LEBs)
UBIFS: media format: w4/r0 (latest is w4/r0)
UBIFS: default compressor: lzo
UBIFS: reserved for root: 0 bytes (0 KiB)
VFS: Mounted root (ubifs filesystem) on device 0:12.
Freeing init memory: 132K
usb 1-1: new full speed USB device number 2 using s3c2410-ohci
usb 1-1: device descriptor read/64, error -62
usb 1-1: device descriptor read/64, error -62
usb 1-1: new full speed USB device number 3 using s3c2410-ohci
usb 1-1: device descriptor read/64, error -62
usb 1-1: device descriptor read/64, error -62
usb 1-1: new full speed USB device number 4 using s3c2410-ohci
usb 1-1: device not accepting address 4, error -62
usb 1-1: new full speed USB device number 5 using s3c2410-ohci
usb 1-1: device not accepting address 5, error -62
hub 1-0:1.0: unable to enumerate USB device on port 1
dm9000 dm9000: eth0: link down
dm9000 dm9000: eth0: link up, 100Mbps, full-duplex, lpa 0x5DE1
Hello, leiyuxing
Goodbye, leiyuxing
遇到的错误：
错误一：
obj-m=hello.c
modules:
make -C /lib/modules/`uname -r`/build/ M=`pwd` modules
make clean
clean:
rm -f *.ko.* *.o *.mod.c *.order *.symvers
解决方法：
把.*.ko.*删掉
错误二：
我的以太网卡驱动没安装，ifconfig -a都看不到网卡
解决方法：
第一步、修改内核代码
vim arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c
#include <linux/dm9000.h> //添加DM9000网卡的头文件
并添加如下代码
/* add DM9000 ethernet drivers ,whitch is bodify by liuchengdeng */
#define DM9000_BASE (S3C2410_CS4 + 0x300)
static struct resource s3c_dm9000_resource[] = {
[0] = {
.start = DM9000_BASE,
.end = DM9000_BASE + 3,
.flags = IORESOURCE_MEM
},
[1] = {
.start = DM9000_BASE + 4,
.end = DM9000_BASE + 7,
.flags = IORESOURCE_MEM
},
[2] = {
.start = IRQ_EINT7,
.end = IRQ_EINT7,
.flags = IORESOURCE_IRQ | IORESOURCE_IRQ_HIGHEDGE,
}
};
/*
* The DM9000 has no eeprom, and it's MAC address is set by
* the bootloader before starting the kernel.
*/
static struct dm9000_plat_data s3c_dm9000_pdata = {
.flags = (DM9000_PLATF_16BITONLY | DM9000_PLATF_NO_EEPROM),
};
static struct platform_device s3c_device_dm9000 = {
.name = "dm9000",
.id = -1,
.num_resources = ARRAY_SIZE(s3c_dm9000_resource),
.resource = s3c_dm9000_resource,
.dev = {
.platform_data = &s3c_dm9000_pdata,
},
};
2.修改platform_device *smdk2440_devices[] __initdata结构体为如下，在其中添加启动DM9000
static struct platform_device *smdk2440_devices[] __initdata = {
&s3c_device_ohci,
&s3c_device_lcd,
&s3c_device_wdt,
&s3c_device_i2c0,
&s3c_device_iis,
&s3c_device_dm9000,
};3.vim include/linux/dm9000.h 添加如下头文件
#include <linux/io.h>
重新make之后，我们的内核文件就支持dm9000网卡了，在开发板上跑起来后，就能够ping 192.168.1.2（电脑有线IP）
标签：驱动程序,leiyuxing,bytes,number,order,网卡,linux,device,hello From： https://blog.51cto.com/u_15834920/5767615