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keepalived实现nginx负载均衡机高可用

时间：2022-10-17 20:35:19浏览次数：42  
标签：00 lft keepalived 192.168 nginx 机高 master root

keepalived实现nginx负载均衡机高可用

目录

环境说明：

系统 主机名 IP 服务
centos8 master 192.168.111.141 nginx
keepalived
centos8 backup 192.168.111.142 nginx
keepalived
centos8 apache 192.168.111.143 httpd
centos8 nginx 192.168.111.144 nginx

配置web界面

apache

//修改名字
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname apache
[root@localhost ~]# bash
[root@apache ~]# 

//关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@apache ~]# setenforce 0
[root@apache ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@apache ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld
[root@apache ~]# reboot

//配置yum源
[root@apache ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
[root@apache ~]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

//安装apache,主页内容为apache
[root@apache ~]# yum -y install httpd
[root@apache ~]# echo "apache" > /var/www/html/index.html
[root@apache ~]# systemctl enable --now httpd
[root@apache ~]# ss -anlt
State        Recv-Q        Send-Q               Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port       Process       
LISTEN       0             128                        0.0.0.0:22                      0.0.0.0:*                        
LISTEN       0             128                              *:80                            *:*                        
LISTEN       0             128                           [::]:22                         [::]:*                        
[root@apache ~]# curl 192.168.111.143
apache

nginx

//修改名字
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname nginx
[root@localhost ~]# bash
[root@nginx ~]# 

//关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@nginx ~]# setenforce 0
[root@nginx ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@nginx ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld
[root@nginx ~]# reboot

//配置yum源
[root@nginx ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
[root@nginx ~]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

//安装nginx,主页内容为nginx
[root@nginx ~]# yum -y install nginx
[root@nginx ~]# echo "nginx" > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
[root@nginx ~]# systemctl enable --now nginx
[root@nginx ~]# ss -anlt
State        Recv-Q        Send-Q               Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port       Process       
LISTEN       0             128                        0.0.0.0:80                      0.0.0.0:*                        
LISTEN       0             128                        0.0.0.0:22                      0.0.0.0:*                        
LISTEN       0             128                           [::]:80                         [::]:*                        
LISTEN       0             128                           [::]:22                         [::]:*                        
[root@nginx ~]# curl 192.168.111.144
nginx

配置nginx负载均衡

master

//修改名字
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname master
[root@localhost ~]# bash
[root@master ~]# 

//关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@master ~]# setenforce 0
[root@master ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@master ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld
[root@master ~]# reboot

//配置yum源
[root@master ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
[root@master ~]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

//创建用户
[root@master ~]# useradd -rMs /sbin/nologin nginx

//安装依赖包
[root@master ~]# dnf -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel gd-devel gcc gcc-c++ make wget vim

//编译安装nginx
[root@backup ~]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz
[root@master ~]# tar xf nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz 
[root@master ~]# cd nginx-1.22.0
[root@master nginx-1.22.0]# ./configure \
 --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
 --user=nginx \
 --group=nginx \
 --with-debug \
 --with-http_ssl_module \
 --with-http_realip_module \
 --with-http_gunzip_module \
 --with-http_gzip_static_module \
 --with-http_stub_status_module
 [root@master nginx-1.22.0]# make -j $(grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l) && make install

//配置环境变量
[root@master ~]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/nginx/sbin" > /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
[root@master ~]# source /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
                
//配置system启动服务
[root@master ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=nginx server daemon
After=network.target 
 
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP \$MAINPID
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@nginx ~]# systemctl daemon-reload

//启动nginx
[root@master ~]# systemctl enable --now nginx
[root@master ~]# ss -anlt
State        Recv-Q       Send-Q               Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port       Process       
LISTEN       0            128                        0.0.0.0:80                      0.0.0.0:*                        
LISTEN       0            128                        0.0.0.0:22                      0.0.0.0:*                        
LISTEN       0            128                           [::]:22                         [::]:*               

//修改配置文件,配置负载均衡
[root@master ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
    upstream web {				//http字段内
    server 192.168.111.143;
    server 192.168.111.144;
    }
    .........
        location / {				//修改配置文件
        root html;
        proxy_pass   http://web;
        }
[root@master ~]# systemctl restart nginx

//查看负载均衡效果
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.141
apache
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.141
nginx
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.141
apache
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.141
nginx

backup

//修改名字
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname backup
[root@localhost ~]# bash
[root@backup ~]# 

//关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@backup ~]# setenforce 0
[root@backup ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@backup ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld
[root@backup ~]# reboot

//配置yum源
[root@backup ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
[root@backup ~]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

//创建用户
[root@backup ~]# useradd -rMs /sbin/nologin nginx

//安装依赖包
[root@backup ~]# dnf -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel gd-devel gcc gcc-c++ make wget vim

//编译安装nginx
[root@backup ~]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz
[root@backup ~]# tar xf nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz 
[root@backup ~]# cd nginx-1.22.0
[root@backup nginx-1.22.0]# ./configure \
 --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
 --user=nginx \
 --group=nginx \
 --with-debug \
 --with-http_ssl_module \
 --with-http_realip_module \
 --with-http_gunzip_module \
 --with-http_gzip_static_module \
 --with-http_stub_status_module
[root@backup nginx-1.22.0]# make -j $(grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l) && make install

//配置环境变量
[root@backup ~]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/nginx/sbin" > /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
[root@backup ~]# source /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
                
//配置system启动服务
[root@backup ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=nginx server daemon
After=network.target 
 
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP \$MAINPID
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@backup ~]# systemctl daemon-reload

//启动nginx
[root@backup ~]# systemctl enable --now nginx
[root@backup ~]# ss -anlt
State        Recv-Q        Send-Q               Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port       Process       
LISTEN       0             128                        0.0.0.0:80                      0.0.0.0:*                        
LISTEN       0             128                        0.0.0.0:22                      0.0.0.0:*                        
LISTEN       0             128                           [::]:22                         [::]:*                        

//修改配置文件,配置负载均衡
[root@backup ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
    upstream web {				//http字段内
    server 192.168.111.143;
    server 192.168.111.144;
    }
    .........
        location / {				//修改配置文件
        root html;
        proxy_pass   http://web;
        }
[root@backup ~]# systemctl restart nginx

//查看负载均衡效果
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.111.142
apache
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.111.142
nginx
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.111.142
apache
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.111.142
nginx

配置keepalived高可用

master

//首先安装keepalived
[root@master ~]# yum -y install keepalived
 
//编辑配置文件，并启动服务
[root@master ~]# mv /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf{,.bak}
[root@master ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 
! Configuration File for keepalived
 
global_defs {
   router_id lb01
}
 
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 123456
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.111.250
    }
}
 
virtual_server 192.168.111.250 80 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind DR
    persistence_timeout 50
    protocol TCP
 
    real_server 192.168.111.141 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
 
    real_server 192.168.111.142 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
}
[root@master ~]# systemctl enable --now keepalived

//通过虚拟IP访问
[root@master ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:50:34:72 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.111.141/24 brd 192.168.111.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33
       valid_lft 1500sec preferred_lft 1500sec
    inet 192.168.111.250/32 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe50:3472/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
 
//通过虚拟ip访问
//一定要把backup端的nginx服务关掉才能访问，

[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
apache
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
nginx
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
apache
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
nginx

backup

//首先安装keepalived
[root@backup ~]# dnf -y install keepalived
 
//编辑配置文件，并启动服务
[root@backup ~]# mv /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf{,.back}
[root@backup ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
 
global_defs {
   router_id lb02
}
 
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 50
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 123456
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.111.250
    }
}
 
virtual_server 192.168.111.250 80 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind DR
    persistence_timeout 50
    protocol TCP
 
    real_server 192.168.111.141 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
 
    real_server 192.168.111.142 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
}
[root@backup ~]# systemctl enable --now keepalived

编写脚本

master

[root@master ~]# mkdir /scripts
[root@master ~]# cd /scripts/
[root@master scripts]# vim check_nginx.sh
#!/bin/bash
haproxy_status=$(ps -ef|grep -Ev "grep|$0"|grep '\bhaproxy\b'|wc -l)
if [ $haproxy_status -lt 1 ];then
    systemctl stop keepalived
fi

[root@master scripts]# vim notify.sh
#!/bin/bash
VIP=$2
case "$1" in
  master)
        haproxy_status=$(ps -ef|grep -Ev "grep|$0"|grep '\bhaproxy\b'|wc -l)
        if [ $haproxy_status -lt 1 ];then
            systemctl start haproxy
        fi
  ;;
  backup)
        haproxy_status=$(ps -ef|grep -Ev "grep|$0"|grep '\bhaproxy\b'|wc -l)
        if [ $haproxy_status -gt 0 ];then
            systemctl stop haproxy

[root@master scripts]# chmod +x check_haproxy.sh notify.sh

backup

[root@backup ~]# mkdir /scripts
[root@backup ~]# cd /scripts/
[root@backup scripts]# scp [email protected]:/scripts/notify.sh .

配置keepalived加入监控脚本的配置

master

[root@master ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
 
global_defs {
   router_id lb01
}
 
vrrp_script nginx_check {				//添加
    script "/scripts/check_nginx.sh"
    interval 1
    weight -20
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 123456
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.111.250
    }
    track_script {			//添加
        haproxy_check
    }
    notify_master "/scripts/notify.sh master 192.168.111.250"
}
 
virtual_server 192.168.111.250 80 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind DR
    persistence_timeout 50
    protocol TCP
 
    real_server 192.168.111.141 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
 
    real_server 192.168.111.142 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
}
[root@master scripts]# systemctl restart keepalived

backup

[root@backup ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
 
global_defs {
   router_id lb02
}
 
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 50
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 123456
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.111.250
    }
    notify_master "/scripts/notify.sh master 192.168.111.250"		//添加
    notify_backup "/scripts/notify.sh backup 192.168.111.250"
}
 
virtual_server 192.168.111.250 80 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind DR
    persistence_timeout 50
    protocol TCP
 
    real_server 192.168.111.141 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
 
    real_server 192.168.111.142 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
}
[root@backup ~]# systemctl restart keepalived

测试

模拟nginx服务故障

//master端
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
apache
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
nginx
[root@master ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:50:34:72 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.111.141/24 brd 192.168.111.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33
       valid_lft 1601sec preferred_lft 1601sec
    inet 192.168.111.250/32 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe50:3472/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@master ~]# systemctl stop nginx
[root@master ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:50:34:72 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.111.141/24 brd 192.168.111.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33
       valid_lft 1591sec preferred_lft 1591sec
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe50:3472/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

//backup端
[root@backup ~]# systemctl start nginx    //前面把服务关了这里启动一下
[root@backup ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:07:42:65 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.111.142/24 brd 192.168.111.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33
       valid_lft 947sec preferred_lft 947sec
    inet 192.168.111.250/32 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe07:4265/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
apache
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
nginx
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
apache
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
nginx

启动master端的nginx服务

//master端
[root@master scripts]# systemctl start nginx
[root@master scripts]# systemctl restart keepalived
[root@master ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:50:34:72 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.111.141/24 brd 192.168.111.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33
       valid_lft 1223sec preferred_lft 1223sec
    inet 192.168.111.250/32 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe50:3472/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

//backup端
[root@backup ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:07:42:65 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.111.142/24 brd 192.168.111.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33
       valid_lft 1632sec preferred_lft 1632sec
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe07:4265/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

标签：00,lft,keepalived,192.168,nginx,机高,master,root
From： https://www.cnblogs.com/Their-own/p/16800530.html

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