ubuntu22 python2 pyinstaller 打包报错：'NoneType' object has no attribute 'groups'

前言

最近有个需求，需要在 ubnutu22 上使用 pyinstaller 打包一个python2 的文件。

中间遇到了一些问题：

1. pip2 install pyinstaller 报错
   解决方案：

pip2 install pyinstaller == 3.6

2. python2 和 python3 的 pyinstaller 如何同时存在，我想把 python2 的 pyinstaller 命名为 pyinstaller2,

把 python3 的 pyinstaller 不重名。

# 如果安装了 python3 的 pyinstaller，需要先卸载
pip3 uninstall pyinstaller

# 1. 安装python2 的 pyinstaller
pip2 install pyinstaller == 3.6
# 2. 找到 pyinstaller 位置 (我的环境是在 /usr/local/bin/pyinstaller)
whereis pyinstaller
# 3. 重命名 python2 的 pyinstaller 为 pyinstaller2
cd /usr/local/bin/
mv pyinstaller pyinstaller2
# 4. 检查
pyinstaller2 --version

# 5. 重新安装 python3 的 pyinstaller
pip3 install pyinstaller

# 6. 检查python3 的 pyinstaller
pyinstaller --version

然后，使用命令，打包出现报错

pyinstaller2 -F tst.py -p /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/

1463 INFO: Python library not in binary dependencies. Doing additional searching...
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/bin/pyinstaller2", line 8, in <module>
    sys.exit(run())
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/__main__.py", line 114, in run
    run_build(pyi_config, spec_file, **vars(args))
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/__main__.py", line 65, in run_build
    PyInstaller.building.build_main.main(pyi_config, spec_file, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/building/build_main.py", line 734, in main
    build(specfile, kw.get('distpath'), kw.get('workpath'), kw.get('clean_build'))
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/building/build_main.py", line 681, in build
    exec(code, spec_namespace)
  File "/mnt/wallE_code_u22/pytest/pythonApiTst/code_u22/christie3_ctl.spec", line 17, in <module>
    noarchive=False)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/building/build_main.py", line 244, in __init__
    self.__postinit__()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/building/datastruct.py", line 160, in __postinit__
    self.assemble()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/building/build_main.py", line 478, in assemble
    self._check_python_library(self.binaries)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/building/build_main.py", line 568, in _check_python_library
    python_lib = bindepend.get_python_library_path()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/depend/bindepend.py", line 915, in get_python_library_path
    python_libname = findLibrary(name)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/depend/bindepend.py", line 775, in findLibrary
    utils.load_ldconfig_cache()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/depend/utils.py", line 400, in load_ldconfig_cache
    path = m.groups()[-1]
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'groups'

下面，将描述我的解决方案

正文

chatgpt 建议使用 sudo ldconfig 刷新共享库缓存，我试了但是还是报上面的错误。

后来 view /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/depend/utils.py 400 行，找到了报错的地方

try:
        text = compat.exec_command(ldconfig, ldconfig_arg)
    except ExecCommandFailed:
        logger.warning("Failed to execute ldconfig. Disabling LD cache.")
        LDCONFIG_CACHE = {}
        return

    text = text.strip().splitlines()[splitlines_count:]
    
    LDCONFIG_CACHE = {}
    for line in text:
        # :fixme: this assumes libary names do not contain whitespace
        m = pattern.match(line)
        path = m.groups()[-1]
        if is_freebsd or is_openbsd:
            # Insert `.so` at the end of the lib's basename. soname
            # and filename may have (different) trailing versions. We
            # assume the `.so` in the filename to mark the end of the
            # lib's basename.
            bname = os.path.basename(path).split('.so', 1)[0]
            name = 'lib' + m.group(1)
            assert name.startswith(bname)
            name = bname + '.so' + name[len(bname):]
        else:
            name = m.group(1)
        # ldconfig may know about several versions of the same lib,
        # e.g. differents arch, different libc, etc. Use the first
        # entry.
        if not name in LDCONFIG_CACHE:
            LDCONFIG_CACHE[name] = path

这里path = m.groups()[-1] 的 m 是个 None 类型，然后 m的来源是 m = pattern.match(line), line 是获取共享库后逐行读取的字段。那就是 m = pattern.match(line) 出现了异常。

打印 m 报错 None 时 line 的值，发现此时 line: 缓存生成方： ldconfig (Ubuntu GLIBC 2.35-0ubuntu3.6) stable release version 2.35, 程序就是在解析这句时报错，原因是格式不匹配。

使用系统指令

sudo ldconfig -p

发现打印的信息最后一行就是：缓存生成方： ldconfig (Ubuntu GLIBC 2.35-0ubuntu3.6) stable release version 2.35

解决方案，修改 utils.py 中的处理过程，略过 m 为 None 的部分

LDCONFIG_CACHE = {}
    for line in text:
        # :fixme: this assumes libary names do not contain whitespace
        m = pattern.match(line)
        
        # brian add 2024-05-09
        if m is None:
            print(line)
            continue
        # brian add end

        path = m.groups()[-1]
        if is_freebsd or is_openbsd:
            # Insert `.so` at the end of the lib's basename. soname
            # and filename may have (different) trailing versions. We
            # assume the `.so` in the filename to mark the end of the
            # lib's basename.
            bname = os.path.basename(path).split('.so', 1)[0]
            name = 'lib' + m.group(1)
            assert name.startswith(bname)
            name = bname + '.so' + name[len(bname):]
        else:
            name = m.group(1)
        # ldconfig may know about several versions of the same lib,
        # e.g. differents arch, different libc, etc. Use the first
        # entry.
        if not name in LDCONFIG_CACHE:
            LDCONFIG_CACHE[name] = path

添加了这个字段

        # brian add 2024-05-09
        if m is None:
            print(line)
            continue
        # brian add end

果然python2 停止维护后，还需要手动修改bug，很难忘的过程，在此记录，以做参考。