Ubuntu 22.4 安装及环境搭建

一、镜像下载

下载 Ubuntu Server 22.04 的镜像
官网地址: https://ubuntu.com/server

二、创建虚拟机

（1）选择语言 English
（2）设置静态 ip

（3）配置镜像地址

（4）开启 SSH

三、基本配置

SSH 配置

配置允许 root 用户登录 /etc/ssh/sshd_config
设置项目 PermitRootLogin yes，然后重启 ssh 服务 sudo service ssh restart

设置 root 密码

sudo passwd root

设置镜像源

设置为阿里云镜像 /etc/apt/source.list

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

更新 apt update
安装网络工具 apt install net-tools

配置静态 ip

设置静态 ip /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yam

network:
  ethernets:
    ens33:
      addresses:
      - 192.168.81.20/24
      nameservers:
        addresses:
        - 8.8.8.8
        - 114.114.114.114
        search: []
      routes:
      - to: default
        via: 192.168.81.1
  version: 2

四、安装 Docker

（1）更新依赖包

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

（2）安装 Docker 依赖工具

apt-get install ca-certificates curl gnupg lsb-release
apt-get -y install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common

（3）添加Docker官方GPG密钥

curl -fsSL http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

（4）添加Docker软件源

sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"

更新依赖包

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

（5）安装 Docker

apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

（6）运行 Docker

systemctl start docker

（7）验证是否成功

sudo docker version
systemctl status docker
sudo docker run hello-world
sudo docker images