Linux命令(139)之ab

linux命令之ab

1.ab介绍

linux命令ab(E.g:apachebench)是apache自带的压力测试工具。ab命令会创建多个并发访问线程，模拟多个访问者同时对某一URL进行访问。由于ab命令测试是基于URL的，因此，它既可以用来测试apache httpd的负载压力，也可以对nginx/tomcat/iis等web服务器进行压力测试。

ab命令是基于httpd-tools，因此使用ab命令，需要先安装httpd-tools。

命令：

yum install httpd-tools

[root@centos79 ~]# yum install httpd-tools
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
CentOS79                                                                                                        | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
软件包 httpd-tools-2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本
无须任何处理
[root@centos79 ~]# ab -V
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1430300 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

[root@centos79 ~]#

2.ab用法

ab [参数] [http[s]://]hostname[:port]/path

ab参数

3.实例

3.1.查看ab的帮助信息

命令：

ab -h

[root@centos79 ~]# ab -h
Usage: ab [options] [http[s]://]hostname[:port]/path
Options are:
    -n requests     Number of requests to perform
    -c concurrency  Number of multiple requests to make at a time
    -t timelimit    Seconds to max. to spend on benchmarking
                    This implies -n 50000
    -s timeout      Seconds to max. wait for each response
                    Default is 30 seconds
    -b windowsize   Size of TCP send/receive buffer, in bytes
    -B address      Address to bind to when making outgoing connections
    -p postfile     File containing data to POST. Remember also to set -T
    -u putfile      File containing data to PUT. Remember also to set -T
    -T content-type Content-type header to use for POST/PUT data, eg.
                    'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
                    Default is 'text/plain'
    -v verbosity    How much troubleshooting info to print
    -w              Print out results in HTML tables
    -i              Use HEAD instead of GET
    -x attributes   String to insert as table attributes
    -y attributes   String to insert as tr attributes
    -z attributes   String to insert as td or th attributes
    -C attribute    Add cookie, eg. 'Apache=1234'. (repeatable)
    -H attribute    Add Arbitrary header line, eg. 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'
                    Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable)
    -A attribute    Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes
                    are a colon separated username and password.
    -P attribute    Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes
                    are a colon separated username and password.
    -X proxy:port   Proxyserver and port number to use
    -V              Print version number and exit
    -k              Use HTTP KeepAlive feature
    -d              Do not show percentiles served table.
    -S              Do not show confidence estimators and warnings.
    -q              Do not show progress when doing more than 150 requests
    -g filename     Output collected data to gnuplot format file.
    -e filename     Output CSV file with percentages served
    -r              Don't exit on socket receive errors.
    -h              Display usage information (this message)
    -Z ciphersuite  Specify SSL/TLS cipher suite (See openssl ciphers)
    -f protocol     Specify SSL/TLS protocol
                    (SSL3, TLS1, TLS1.1, TLS1.2 or ALL)
[root@centos79 ~]#

3.2.使用ab命令进行压力测试(基于nginx)

命令：

ab -n1000 -c100 http://172.20.10.12/
 

[root@centos79 ~]# ab -n1000 -c100 http://172.20.10.12/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1430300 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking 172.20.10.12 (be patient)
Completed 100 requests
Completed 200 requests
Completed 300 requests
Completed 400 requests
Completed 500 requests
Completed 600 requests
Completed 700 requests
Completed 800 requests
Completed 900 requests
Completed 1000 requests
Finished 1000 requests


Server Software:        nginx/1.24.0
Server Hostname:        172.20.10.12
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        615 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   0.038 seconds
Complete requests:      1000
Failed requests:        0
Write errors:           0
Total transferred:      848000 bytes
HTML transferred:       615000 bytes
Requests per second:    26250.16 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       3.809 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       0.038 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          21738.42 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    1   0.6      1       4
Processing:     1    3   0.9      3       9
Waiting:        0    2   0.9      2       8
Total:          2    3   1.1      3       9

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%      3
  66%      4
  75%      4
  80%      4
  90%      4
  95%      6
  98%      8
  99%      8
 100%      9 (longest request)
[root@centos79 ~]#

其中，