一、 Nginx配置文件结构
Nginx主配置文件/etc/nginx/nginx.conf是一个纯文本类型的文件。 整个配置文件是以区块的形式组织的。一般，每个区块以一对大括号{}来表示开始于结束。 1. Main层位于nginx.conf配置文件的最高层 2. Main层下可以有Event、HTTP层 3. HTTP层下面允许有多个Server层，用于对不同的网站做不同的配置 4. Server层允许有多个Location，用于对不同的路径进行不同模块的配置[root@my-node10 nginx]# cat nginx.conf
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
[root@my-node10 conf.d]# cat default.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#access_log /var/log/nginx/host.access.log main;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
# 错误页面，统一定义错误页面，
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
# 省略其他的配置
}
二、 日志配置
[root@my-node10 nginx]# pwd
/application/nginx
[root@my-node10 nginx]# tree
.
├── hotel
│ └── index.html
└── shop
└── index.html
2 directories, 2 files
[root@my-node10 conf.d]# cat shop.conf hotel.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.myshop.com;
root /application/nginx/shop;
index index.html;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.myhotel.com;
root /application/nginx/hotel;
index index.html;
}
[root@my-node10 conf.d]# nginx -t -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful [root@my-node10 conf.d]# nginx -s reload
访问www.myshop.com 和 www.myhotel.com
192.168.6.102 - - [05/Mar/2023:15:08:59 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 61 "-"
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.0.0 Safari/537.36" "-"
192.168.6.102 - - [05/Mar/2023:15:08:59 +0800] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 555 "http://www.myshop.com/"
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/109.0.0.0 Safari/537.36" "-"
三、Nginx状态监控
--with-http_stub_status_module 记录Nginx客户端访问的状态信息
具体配置： location /mystatus {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
- Active connections： The current number of active client connections including Waiting connections. Nginx当前活跃的连接数
- accepts： The total number of accepted client connections.
- handled： The total number of handled connections. requests： The total number of client requests.
- Generally, the parameter value is the same as accepts unless some resource limits have been reached (for example, the worker_connections limit).
- Reading： The current number of connections where nginx is reading the request header.
- Writing： The current number of connections where nginx is writing the response back to the client.
- Waiting： The current number of idle client connections waiting for a request.
四、 虚拟主机
虚拟主机，在Web服务器里是一个独立的网站站点， 站点对应独立的域名(也可以是IP或端口)， 具有独立的程序及资源目录，独立对外提供服务。 4.1 基于域名的虚拟主机[root@my-node10 conf.d]# cat hotel.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.myhotel.com;
root /application/nginx/hotel;
index index.html;
}
[root@my-node10 conf.d]# cat shop.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.myshop.com;
location / {
root /application/nginx/shop;
index index.html;
}
}
4.2 配置不同端口访问不同虚拟主机
server {
listen 8001;
......
}
server {
listen 8002;
......
}
4.3 配置不同IP访问不同虚拟主机
server {
listen 80;
server_name 192.168.6.10;
......
}
4.4 虚拟主机别名
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.myhotel.com myhotel.com myhoteldev.com;
root /application/nginx/hotel;
index index.html;
}
4.5 文件名的排序
相同的域名， 相同的端口， 谁的文件名在前，谁会被优先读取到。
[root@my-node10 demo]# mkdir d1 d2 d3 [root@my-node10 demo]# echo "d1-1" > d1/index.html [root@my-node10 demo]# echo "d2-1" > d2/index.html [root@my-node10 demo]# echo "d3-1" > d3/index.html [root@my-node10 demo]# echo "demo" > 1.html [root@my-node10 demo]# ls d1 d2 d3 index.html
[root@my-node10 conf.d]# cat demo1.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name demo.com;
root /application/nginx/demo/d1;
index index.html index.htm;
location ~ ^/1.html {
root /application/nginx/demo;
}
}
[root@my-node10 conf.d]# cat demo2.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name demo.com;
root /application/nginx/demo/d2;
index index.html index.htm;
location ~ ^/1.html {
root /application/nginx/demo;
}
}
[root@my-node10 conf.d]# ll 总用量 28 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1152 3月 5 16:21 default.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 227 3月 5 20:03 demo1.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 227 3月 5 20:04 demo2.conf # 访问demo.com, 使用的是 demo1.conf 配置文件 [root@my-node51 ~]# curl http://demo.com d1-1
[root@my-node10 conf.d]# mv demo1.conf demo4.conf [root@my-node10 conf.d]# ll 总用量 28 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1152 3月 5 16:21 default.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 227 3月 5 20:04 demo2.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 227 3月 5 20:03 demo4.conf [root@my-node10 conf.d]# nginx -s reload nginx: [warn] conflicting server name "demo.com" on 0.0.0.0:80, ignored [root@my-node51 ~]# curl http://demo.com d2-1 [root@my-node51 ~]# curl http://demo.com/1.html demo
[root@my-node10 conf.d]# cat demo3.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name demo.com default;
root /application/nginx/demo/d3;
index index.html index.htm;
location ~ ^/1.html {
root /application/nginx/demo;
}
}
[root@my-node51 ~]# curl http://demo.com d2-1 [root@my-node51 ~]# curl http://demo.com/1.html demo
标签：03,nginx,index,配置,Nginx,html,conf,my,root From： https://www.cnblogs.com/kingdomer/p/13936210.html