Linux上安装tomcat

参考https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-apache-tomcat-8-on-centos-7，原文中是单独创建了tomcat账号来运行tomcat，我这边因为自己使用，为方便就直接使用了自己的账号（用户和用户组都是soul）；另外原文是CentOS 7系统，但实际安装部分基本上是完全通用的

1. 下载tomcat
   1. cd ~
   2. wget http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.31/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.31.tar.gz（包的地址会变化，从http://tomcat.apache.org/download-80.cgi获取最新地址）
2. 创建tomcat目录，并解压tomcat
   1. sudo mkdir /opt/tomcat
   2. sudo tar xvf apache-tomcat-8*tar.gz -C /opt/tomcat --strip-components=1
3. 赋予soul组权限
   1. cd /opt/tomcat
   2. sudo mkdir cache
   3. sudo chgrp -R soul /opt/tomcat
   4. sudo chmod -R g+r conf
   5. sudo chmod g+x conf
4. 赋予soul用户权限
   1. sudo chown -R soul webapps/ work/ temp/ logs/ cache/
5. 将tomcat生成为系统服务
   1. sudo vi /etc/systemd/system/tomcat.service

      # Systemd unit file for tomcat
      [Unit]
      Description=Apache Tomcat Web Application Container
      After=syslog.target network.target
      
      [Service]
      Type=forking
      
      Environment=JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/
      Environment=CATALINA_PID=/opt/tomcat/temp/tomcat.pid
      Environment=CATALINA_HOME=/opt/tomcat
      Environment=CATALINA_BASE=/opt/tomcat
      Environment='CATALINA_OPTS=-Xms512M -Xmx1024M -server -Xss256k -XX:+UseParallelGC'
      Environment='JAVA_OPTS=-Djava.awt.headless=true -Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom'
      
      ExecStart=/opt/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
      ExecStop=/opt/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
      
      User=soul
      Group=soul
      UMask=0007
      RestartSec=10
      Restart=always
      
      [Install]
      WantedBy=multi-user.target

      注：JAVA_HOME、User、Group按照实际的替换

   2. sudo systemctl daemon-reload

   3. sudo systemctl start tomcat

6. 设置tomcat服务开机启动

   1. sudo systemctl enable tomcat