关闭过程（CRS集群关闭－>关闭数据库）
1.关闭数据库：
用oracl用户执行srvctl命令
语法：srvctl stop database -d dbname ［-o immediate］作用：可以一次性关闭dbname的所有实例
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ srvctl stop database -d racdb -停止所有节点上的实例
然后查看状态：
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ srvctl status database -d racdbInstance rac1 is not running on node rac1Instance rac2 is not running on node rac2
2.停止HAS(High Availability Services)，必须以root用户操作
[root@rac1 oracle]# cd /u01/grid/11.2.0/grid/bin[root@rac1 bin]# ./crsctl stop has -f[root@rac1 bin]# ./crsctl stop crs -f
本命令只能关闭当前节点的CRS服务，因此需要在RAC的所有节点上执行，启动也一样。has与crs等同
3.停止节点集群服务，必须以root用户：
[root@rac1 oracle]# cd /u01/grid/11.2.0/grid/bin[root@rac1 bin]# ./crsctl stop cluster ----停止本节点集群服务[root@rac1 bin]# ./crsctl stop cluster -all ---停止所有节点服务
也可以如下控制所停节点：
[root@rac1 bin]# crsctl stop cluster -n rac1 rac2CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cssd' on 'rac1' succeededCRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cssd' on 'rac2' succeeded
。。。。。。。。。。。省略日志输出。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
你如果想一条命令把所有的进程全部停止可以使用上述命令。如果不指定参数的话对当前节点有效，如果指定参数的话对相关参数节点有效。
4.检查集群进程状态
[root@rac1 bin]# crsctl check cluster
详细输出
[root@rac1 bin]# crs_stat -t -v只检查本节点的集群状态
[root@rac1 bin]# crsctl check crs启动过程（CRS集群启动－>启动数据库）
1.启动 HAS
单一节点启动
[root@rac2 ~]# crsctl start has
[root@rac2 ~]# crsctl start crs
[root@rac2 ~]# crsctl check crs
CRS-4638: Oracle High Availability Services is online
CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online
CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online
CRS-4533: Event Manager is online
所有节点启动
[root@rac1 bin]# crsctl start cluster -n rac1 rac2
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.
[root@rac1 bin]# crsctl start cluster -all
[root@rac2 ~]# crsctl check cluster
CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online
CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online
CRS-4533: Event Manager is online
此命令会在后台启动所有 RAC CRS 相关进程
[root@rac2 ~]# crs_stat -t -v
CRS-0184: Cannot communicate with the CRS daemon.
因为 start has 启动的 crs 进程比较多因此会启动的比较慢，我的机器等待了 5 分钟，在没有完全启动成功之前会报上述错误，需要耐心等待一段时间后执行下面命令即可查看到所有 CRS 相关进程服务已经启动。
[root@rac2 ~]# crs_stat -t -v
Name Type R/RA F/FT Target State Host
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATA.dg ora....up.type 0/5 0/ ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type 0/5 0/ ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....N1.lsnr ora....er.type 0/5 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora....N2.lsnr ora....er.type 0/5 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....N3.lsnr ora....er.type 0/5 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.asm ora.asm.type 0/5 0/ ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.cvu ora.cvu.type 0/5 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.gsd ora.gsd.type 0/5 0/ OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....network ora....rk.type 0/5 0/ ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.oc4j ora.oc4j.type 0/1 0/2 ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.ons ora.ons.type 0/3 0/ ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....SM1.asm application 0/5 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....C1.lsnr application 0/5 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.gsd application 0/5 0/0 OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.rac1.ons application 0/3 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.vip ora....t1.type 0/0 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....SM2.asm application 0/5 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora....C2.lsnr application 0/5 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.gsd application 0/5 0/0 OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.rac2.ons application 0/3 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.vip ora....t1.type 0/0 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora....ry.acfs ora....fs.type 0/5 0/ ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.scan1.vip ora....ip.type 0/0 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.scan2.vip ora....ip.type 0/0 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.scan3.vip ora....ip.type 0/0 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE rac1
说明：
英文解释
ora.gsd is OFFLINE by default ifthere is no 9i database in the cluster.
ora.oc4j is OFFLINE in 11.2.0.1 as DatabaseWorkload Management(DBWLM) is unavailable. these can be ignored in11gR2 RAC.
中文解释
ora.gsd 是集群服务中用于与 9i 数据库进行通信的一个进程，在当前版本中为了向后兼容才保存下来，状态为 OFFLINE 不影响 CRS 的正常运行与性能，我们忽略即可
ora.oc4j 是在11.2.0.2 以上版本中有效的服务进程，用于 DBWLM 的资源管理，因此在11.2.0.1 以下版本并没有使用
2.启动数据库：
oracle 用户执行 srvctl 命令：
语法：srvctl start|stop|status database -d dbname ［-o immediate］
作用：可以一次性启动 dbname 的所有实例
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ srvctl start database -d racdb -启动所有节点上的实例然后查看状态：
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ srvctl status database -d racdb3.详细输出资源全名称并检查状态
crsctl status resource -t
crsctl status resource
4.常用 srvctl 命令
指定 dbname 上某个实例
srvctl start|stop|status instance -d -i
5.显示 RAC 下所有实例配置与状态
srvctl status|config database -d
6.显示所有节点的应用服务（VIP，GSD，listener，ONS）
srvctl start|stop|status nodeapps -n
7.ASM 进程服务管理
srvctl start|stop|status|config asm -n [-i ] [-o]
srvctl config asm -a
srvctl status asm -a
8.可以获取所有的环境信息：
srvctl getenv database -d [-i]
9.设置全局环境和变量：
srvctl setenv database -d -t
10.在 OCR 中删除已有的数据库信息
srvctl remove database -d
11.向 OCR 中添加一个数据库的实例：
srvctl add instance -d -i -n
srvctl add instance -d -i -n
12.检查监听的状态
srvctl status listener
srvctl config listener -a
SCAN 配置信息
srvctl config scan
SCAN listener 状态信息
srvctl status scan
小结：
crsctl 命令是一个集群级别命令，可以对所有集群资源进行统一启动、停止等管理操作
srvctl 命令是一个服务级别命令，可以对单一服务资源进行统一启动、停止等管理操作
附：srvctl 命令启动与停止的详细帮助
[root@rac2 ~]# srvctl start -h
The SRVCTL start command starts, Oracle Clusterware enabled, non-running objects.
Usage: srvctl start database -d [-o ] [-n ]
Usage: srvctl start instance -d {-n [-i ] | -i } [-o ]
Usage: srvctl start service -d [-s "" [-n | -i ] ] [-o ]
Usage: srvctl start nodeapps [-n ] [-g] [-v]
Usage: srvctl start vip { -n | -i } [-v]
Usage: srvctl start asm [-n ] [-o ]
Usage: srvctl start listener [-l ] [-n ]
Usage: srvctl start scan [-i ] [-n ]
Usage: srvctl start scan_listener [-n ] [-i ]
Usage: srvctl start oc4j [-v]
Usage: srvctl start home -o -s -n
Usage: srvctl start filesystem -d [-n ]
Usage: srvctl start diskgroup -g [-n ""]
Usage: srvctl start gns [-l ] [-n ] [-v]
Usage: srvctl start cvu [-n ]
For detailed help on each command and object and its options use:
srvctl -h
[root@rac2 ~]# srvctl stop -h
The SRVCTL stop command stops, Oracle Clusterware enabled, starting or running objects.
Usage: srvctl stop database -d [-o ] [-f]
Usage: srvctl stop instance -d {-n | -i } [-o ] [-f]
Usage: srvctl stop service -d [-s "" [-n | -i ] ] [-f]
Usage: srvctl stop nodeapps [-n ] [-g] [-f] [-r] [-v]
Usage: srvctl stop vip { -n | -i } [-f] [-r] [-v]
Usage: srvctl stop asm [-n ] [-o ] [-f]
Usage: srvctl stop listener [-l ] [-n ] [-f]
Usage: srvctl stop scan [-i ] [-f]
Usage: srvctl stop scan_listener [-i ] [-f]
Usage: srvctl stop oc4j [-f] [-v]
Usage: srvctl stop home -o -s -n [-t ] [-f]
Usage: srvctl stop filesystem -d [-n ] [-f]
Usage: srvctl stop diskgroup -g [-n ""] [-f]
Usage: srvctl stop gns [-n ] [-f] [-v]
Usage: srvctl stop cvu [-f]
For detailed help on each command and object and its options use:
srvctl -h