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mysql主从配置(1主2从)

时间:2023-12-20 16:33:52浏览次数:37  
标签:slave log 配置 master mysql sec 主从 kevin

1、主库数据库配置

[root@master ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

#GTID
server_id = 1
gtid_mode = on
enforce_gtid_consistency = on

#binlog
log_bin = mysql-bin
log-slave-updates = 1
binlog_format = row
sync-master-info = 1
sync_binlog = 1

#relay log
skip_slave_start = 1

#不配置binlog_group_commit从库无法做到基于事物的并行复制
binlog_group_commit_sync_delay = 100             
binlog_group_commit_sync_no_delay_count = 10

#为了数据安全再配置
sync_binlog=1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit =1
#这个参数控制binlog写入 磁盘的方式。设置为1时,表示每次commit;都写入磁盘。这个刷新的是redo log 即ib_logfile0,而不是binlog

#开启半同步复制 (超时时间为1s)
plugin-load=rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so
rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1
rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 1000

数据库配置

配置后,记得重启mysql服务
[root@mysql-master ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
  
登录mysql,并查看master状态, 发现多了一项"Executed_Gtid_Set "
mysql> show master status;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File              | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |      154 |              |                  |                   |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
  
mysql> show global variables like '%uuid%';
+---------------+--------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value                                |
+---------------+--------------------------------------+
| server_uuid   | 317e2aad-1565-11e9-9c2e-005056ac6820 |
+---------------+--------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
  
查看确认gtid功能打开
mysql> show global variables like '%gtid%';
+----------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                    | Value |
+----------------------------------+-------+
| binlog_gtid_simple_recovery      | ON    |
| enforce_gtid_consistency         | ON    |
| gtid_executed                    |       |
| gtid_executed_compression_period | 1000  |
| gtid_mode                        | ON    |
| gtid_owned                       |       |
| gtid_purged                      |       |
| session_track_gtids              | OFF   |
+----------------------------------+-------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  
查看确认binlog日志功能打开
mysql> show variables like 'log_bin';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| log_bin       | ON    |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
  
授权slave复制用户(replication client)和(replication slave)权限,并刷新权限
mysql> GRANT replication client,replication slave on *.* to 'slave'@'172.16.107.18' identified by "slave@123";
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.03 sec)
mysql> GRANT replication client,replication slave on *.* to 'slave'@'172.16.107.20' identified by "slave@123";
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.03 sec)  
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.03 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)

  
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)  
mysql> show grants for slave@'172.16.107.18';
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for [email protected]                                                |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'slave'@'172.16.107.18' |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
mysql> show grants for slave@'172.16.107.20';
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for [email protected]                                                |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'slave'@'172.16.107.20' |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
mysql> show grants for slave@'%';
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for slave@%                                                |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%' |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
  
再次查看master状态
mysql> show master status;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+
| File              | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set                        |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |      622 |              |                  | 317e2aad-1565-11e9-9c2e-005056ac6820:1-2 |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
  
这里需要注意一下:
启动配置之前,同样需要对从服务器进行初始化。对从服务器初始化的方法基本和基于日志点是相同的,只不过在启动了GTID模式后,
在备份中所记录的就不是备份时的二进制日志文件名和偏移量了,而是记录的是备份时最后的GTID值。
    
需要先在主数据库机器上把目标库备份一下,假设这里目标库是kevin(为了测试效果,下面手动创建)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  
mysql> CREATE DATABASE kevin CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
  
mysql> use kevin;
Database changed
mysql> create table if not exists haha (id int(10) PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,name varchar(50) NOT NULL);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.27 sec)
  
mysql> insert into kevin.haha values(1,"congcong"),(2,"huihui"),(3,"grace");   
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.06 sec)
Records: 3  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
  
mysql> select * from kevin.haha;
+----+----------+
| id | name     |
+----+----------+
|  1 | congcong |
|  2 | huihui   |
|  3 | grace    |
+----+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  
把kevin库备份出来
[root@mysql-master ~]# mysqldump --single-transaction --master-data=2 --triggers --routines --databases kevin -uroot -p123456 > /root/kevin.sql
  
这里稍微注意下:
mysql5.6使用mysqldump备份时,指定备份的具体库,使用--database
mysql5.7使用mysqldump备份时,指定备份的具体库,使用--databases
  
[root@mysql-master ~]# ls /root/kevin.sql
/root/kevin.sql
[root@mysql-master ~]# cat /root/kevin.sql
-- MySQL dump 10.13  Distrib 5.7.24, for Linux (x86_64)
--
-- Host: localhost    Database: kevin
-- ------------------------------------------------------
-- Server version       5.7.24-log
.............
.............
--
-- GTID state at the beginning of the backup
--
  
SET @@GLOBAL.GTID_PURGED='317e2aad-1565-11e9-9c2e-005056ac6820:1-5';
  
然后把备份的/root/kevin.sql文件拷贝到mysql-slave1/mysql-slave2从数据库服务器上
[root@mysql-master ~]# scp /root/kevin.sql [email protected]:/root/
  
==============================================================

mysql> show slave hosts;
+-----------+------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
| Server_id | Host | Port | Master_id | Slave_UUID                           |
+-----------+------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
|         3 |      | 3306 |         1 | e4657691-67de-11ee-bf31-525400f6b33e |
|         2 |      | 3306 |         1 | 7b1d0918-6ccf-11ee-a29d-525400507ca0 |
+-----------+------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+

从库slave1配置

[root@slave1 ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

#GTID:
server_id = 2
gtid_mode = on
enforce_gtid_consistency = on
     
#binlog
log_bin = mysql-bin
log-slave-updates = 1
binlog_format = row
sync-master-info = 1
sync_binlog = 1
    
#relay log
skip_slave_start = 1
read_only = on
#relay_log_purpe = 0
   
#MTS
slave-parallel-type = LOGICAL_CLOCK          #开启逻辑时钟的复制
slave-parallel-workers = 4                               #最大线程16
master_info_repository = TABLE
relay_log_info_repository = TABLE
relay_log_recovery = on
 
# 开启半同步复制
plugin-load=rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so
rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=1

数据库操作:

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  
mysql> source /root/kevin.sql;
  
mysql> select * from kevin.haha;
+----+----------+
| id | name     |
+----+----------+
|  1 | congcong |
|  2 | huihui   |
|  3 | grace    |
+----+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  
在从数据库里,使用change master 配置主从复制
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
  
mysql> change master to master_host='172.16.60.211',master_user='slave',master_password='slave@123',master_auto_position=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.26 sec)
  
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
  
mysql> show slave status \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 172.16.60.211
                  Master_User: slave
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1357
               Relay_Log_File: mysql-slave1-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 417
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
................
................
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 317e2aad-1565-11e9-9c2e-005056ac6820:1-5
                Auto_Position: 1
  
由上面可知,mysql-slave1节点已经和mysql-master节点配置了主从同步关系
  
3) mysql-master主数据库上进行状态查看和测试测试插入
  
mysql> show master status;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+
| File              | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set                        |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |     1357 |              |                  | 317e2aad-1565-11e9-9c2e-005056ac6820:1-5 |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
  
mysql> 

+-----------+------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
| Server_id | Host | Port | Master_id | Slave_UUID                           |
+-----------+------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
|         2 |      | 3306 |         1 | 2c1efc46-1565-11e9-ab8e-00505688047c |
+-----------+------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
  
mysql> insert into kevin.haha values(4,"beijing"),(5,"hefei"),(10,"xihu");
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.06 sec)
Records: 3  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
  
mysql> delete from kevin.haha where id<4;
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.10 sec)
  
mysql> select * from kevin.haha;
+----+---------+
| id | name    |
+----+---------+
|  4 | beijing |
|  5 | hefei   |
| 10 | xihu    |
+----+---------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  
4)mysql-slave1从数据库上查看
mysql> select * from kevin.haha;
+----+---------+
| id | name    |
+----+---------+
|  4 | beijing |
|  5 | hefei   |
| 10 | xihu    |
+----+---------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  
发现mysql-slave1从数据库已经将新插入的数据同步过来了,由此,基于GTID的主从同步复制关系已经正常部署完成了!

重置复制关系
mysql> reset slave;
mysql> change master to master_host='172.16.107.16',master_user='slave',master_password='123456',master_auto_position=1;
mysql> start slave;

从库slave2配置

[root@slave2 ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

#GTID:
server_id = 3
gtid_mode = on
enforce_gtid_consistency = on
     
#binlog
log_bin = mysql-bin
log-slave-updates = 1
binlog_format = row
sync-master-info = 1
sync_binlog = 1
    
#relay log
skip_slave_start = 1
read_only = on
   
#MTS
slave-parallel-type = LOGICAL_CLOCK          #开启逻辑时钟的复制
slave-parallel-workers = 4                               #最大线程16
master_info_repository = TABLE
relay_log_info_repository = TABLE
relay_log_recovery = on
 
# 开启半同步复制
plugin-load=rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so
rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=1

数据库操作同slave1

标签:slave,log,配置,master,mysql,sec,主从,kevin
From: https://www.cnblogs.com/xue0123/p/17916897.html

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