一、下载MySQL安装包
下载地址:https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
二、备份
mkdir /home/mysqlback
mysqldump -u root -p --all-databases > /home/mysqlback/mysqldback.sql
三、卸载MySQL
注:卸载之前一定要先备份好数据库
1.检查当前系统是否安装过MySQL
rpm -qa | grep mysql
[root@VM-0-6-centos mysqlback]# rpm -qa |grep mysql
mysql-community-client-5.7.41-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-5.7.41-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-server-5.7.41-1.el7.x86_64
mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch
mysql-community-common-5.7.41-1.el7.x86_64
2.停止MySQL服务
systemctl stop mysqld
3.删除相关应用
rpm -e --nodeps mysql-community-client-5.7.41-1.el7.x86_64
rpm -e --nodeps mysql-community-libs-5.7.41-1.el7.x86_64
rpm -e --nodeps mysql-community-server-5.7.41-1.el7.x86_64
rpm -e --nodeps mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch
rpm -e --nodeps mysql-community-common-5.7.41-1.el7.x86_64
4.查看文件名中含有MySQL的文件
find / -name mysql
whereis mysql
若出现结果文件,则需根据rm -rf 路径
删除相关文件
5.删除其他有关MySQL服务
#删除老版本mysql的所有文件和库
rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
#mysql的配置文件
rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
#如果不删除这个文件,则重新安装的Mysql将无法设置password
rm -rf /var/log/mysqld.log
四、解压MySQL安装包并安装
1.解压
mv mysql-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar /usr/local/
tar -xvf mysql-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
解压完后:
[root@VM-0-6-centos local]# tar -xvf mysql-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-client-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-debuginfo-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-debug-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
2.安装
MySQL各安装包之间有依赖关系,所以安装顺序必须按照下列来
rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
以上为必须要安装的包,其余可选。
五、修改配置文件(/etc/my.cnf)(必做,否则一旦启动则有些配置不能再修改了)
# 设置导入sql时文件大小限制 否则有些表导入不进去
innodb_log_file_size=1024M
innodb_strict_mode=0
# 设置大小写不敏感
lower-case-table-names=1
完整的my.cnf如下:
[mysqld]
port = 3306
##密码过期时间,为0则为永不过期
#default_password_lifetime=0
#设置导入SQL时文件大小,否则有些达标导不进去
innodb_log_file_size=1024M
innodb_strict_mode=0
## 配置表明不区分大小写
lower_case_table_names=1
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
六、初始化MySQL
mysqld --initialize --console
添加MySQL用户及用户组权限
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/
启动MySQL
systemctl start mysqld
也可设置MySQL自启动
设置开机自启动:systemctl enable mysqld
禁用开机自启动:systemctl disable mysqld
查看MySQL启动时的临时密码:
cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep localhost
#或者
cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
启动MySQL后,使用临时密码登录MySQL数据库
mysql -u root -p
登录MySQL后,必须先修改用户密码
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '新密码';
开启远程访问
#选择数据库
use mysql;
#查看用户和可以访问数据库的ip地址
select host,user from user;
#修改权限,允许所有ip均可访问
update user set host = '%' where user ='root';
#刷新权限
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
七、导入备份数据
source /home/mysqlback/mysqldback.sql
标签:8.0,x86,31,Linux,community,64,mysql,rpm,el7
From: https://www.cnblogs.com/thankcat/p/17835933.html