centos7安装mysql5.7（转）

https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/2226207 安装步骤

https://www.cnblogs.com/key-l731/p/9551400.html 查看本机安装情况

1. 下载 MySQL yum包

wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

2.安装MySQL源

rpm -Uvh mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

3.安装MySQL服务端,需要等待一些时间

yum install -y mysql-community-server

可能遇到报错

Failing package is: mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64
 GPG Keys are configured as: file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

原因和解决方法

原因：由于MySQL GPG 密钥已过期导致的

解决办法：以2022年为例

rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022

4.启动MySQL

systemctl start mysqld.service

5.检查是否启动成功

systemctl status mysqld.service

6.获取临时密码，MySQL5.7为root用户随机生成了一个密码

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log 

7.通过临时密码登录MySQL，进行修改密码操作

mysql -uroot -p

8.因为MySQL的密码规则需要很复杂，我们一般自己设置的不会设置成这样，所以我们全局修改一下

mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;

这时候我们就可以自己设置想要的密码了

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'yourpassword';

9.授权其他机器远程登录

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'yourpassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;
 
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

10.开启开机自启动

先退出mysql命令行，然后输入以下命令

systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl daemon-reload

11.设置MySQL的字符集为UTF-8，令其支持中文

vim /etc/my.cnf

改成如下，然后保存

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
 
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
 
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
default-storage-engine=INNODB
character_set_server=utf8
 
symbolic-links=0
 
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

12.重启一下MySQL,令配置生效

service mysqld restart

13.防火墙开放3306端口

firewall-cmd --state
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload

14.卸载MySQL仓库

一开始的时候我们安装的yum，每次yum操作都会更新一次，耗费时间，我们把他卸载掉

rpm -qa | grep mysql

yum -y remove mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch

15.数据库的操作

（1）查看mysql是否启动：service mysqld status

启动mysql：service mysqld start

停止mysql：service mysqld stop

重启mysql：service mysqld restart

（2）查看临时密码：grep password /var/log/mysqld.log