mysqldump之where用法

文档课题：mysqldump之where用法.
数据库：MySQL 5.7.21
应用场景：实际生产中，需要运用mysqldump导出指定条件的数据，并且以insert语句的形式呈现，如下为相关测试.
1、数据库信息
mysql> select * from staffs;
+----+------+-----+---------+---------------------+
| id | name | age | pos     | add_time            |
+----+------+-----+---------+---------------------+
|  1 | z3   |  22 | manager | 2023-08-27 13:41:41 |
|  2 | July |  23 | dev     | 2023-08-27 13:41:41 |
|  3 | 2000 |  23 | dev     | 2023-08-27 13:41:42 |
+----+------+-----+---------+---------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> desc staffs;
+----------+-------------+------+-----+-------------------+----------------+
| Field    | Type        | Null | Key | Default           | Extra          |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+-------------------+----------------+
| id       | int(11)     | NO   | PRI | NULL              | auto_increment |
| name     | varchar(24) | NO   | MUL |                   |                |
| age      | int(11)     | NO   |     | 0                 |                |
| pos      | varchar(20) | NO   |     |                   |                |
| add_time | timestamp   | NO   |     | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |                |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+-------------------+----------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select database();
+------------+
| database() |
+------------+
| booksDB    |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

2、相关测试
2.1、int字段测试
[mysql@mysql-leo-master ~]$ mysqldump -uroot -p --single-transaction --complete-insert --where='id=2' booksDB staffs > /home/mysql/staffs.txt             
Enter password: 
Warning: A partial dump from a server that has GTIDs will by default include the GTIDs of all transactions, even those that changed suppressed parts of the database. If you don't want to restore GTIDs, pass --set-gtid-purged=OFF. To make a complete dump, pass --all-databases --triggers --routines --events. 

2.2、数据确认
[mysql@mysql-leo-master ~]$ ls -ltr
total 2216
-rw-rw-r--. 1 mysql mysql 2184442 Sep  2 14:30 full_backup.sql
drwxrwxr-x. 2 mysql mysql      38 Sep 23 17:40 etc
-rw-rw-r--. 1 mysql mysql    1277 Oct 15 10:54 20231015.log
-rw-rw-r--. 1 mysql mysql    3354 Oct 21 10:49 20231021.txt
-rw-rw-r--. 1 mysql mysql   67518 Oct 21 10:57 prd_catalog.txt
-rw-rw-r--. 1 mysql mysql    3582 Oct 21 12:59 staffs.txt
[mysql@mysql-leo-master ~]$ cat staffs.txt
-- MySQL dump 10.13  Distrib 5.7.21-20, for Linux (x86_64)
--
-- Host: localhost    Database: booksDB
-- ------------------------------------------------------
-- Server version       5.7.21-20-log

/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;
/*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;
/*!50717 SELECT COUNT(*) INTO @rocksdb_has_p_s_session_variables FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = 'performance_schema' AND TABLE_NAME = 'session_variables' */;
/*!50717 SET @rocksdb_get_is_supported = IF (@rocksdb_has_p_s_session_variables, 'SELECT COUNT(*) INTO @rocksdb_is_supported FROM performance_schema.session_variables WHERE VARIABLE_NAME=\'rocksdb_bulk_load\'', 'SELECT 0') */;
/*!50717 PREPARE s FROM @rocksdb_get_is_supported */;
/*!50717 EXECUTE s */;
/*!50717 DEALLOCATE PREPARE s */;
/*!50717 SET @rocksdb_enable_bulk_load = IF (@rocksdb_is_supported, 'SET SESSION rocksdb_bulk_load = 1', 'SET @rocksdb_dummy_bulk_load = 0') */;
/*!50717 PREPARE s FROM @rocksdb_enable_bulk_load */;
/*!50717 EXECUTE s */;
/*!50717 DEALLOCATE PREPARE s */;
SET @MYSQLDUMP_TEMP_LOG_BIN = @@SESSION.SQL_LOG_BIN;
SET @@SESSION.SQL_LOG_BIN= 0;

--
-- GTID state at the beginning of the backup 
--

SET @@GLOBAL.GTID_PURGED='d0dddbd8-43bd-11ee-ac2f-000c29763af3:1-1597530';

--
-- Table structure for table `staffs`
--

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `staffs`;
/*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client     = @@character_set_client */;
/*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */;
CREATE TABLE `staffs` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(24) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '姓名',
  `age` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '年龄',
  `pos` varchar(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '职位',
  `add_time` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '入职时间',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `index_staffs_nameAgePos` (`name`,`age`,`pos`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='员工记录表';
/*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;

--
-- Dumping data for table `staffs`
--
-- WHERE:  id=2

LOCK TABLES `staffs` WRITE;
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `staffs` DISABLE KEYS */;
INSERT INTO `staffs` (`id`, `name`, `age`, `pos`, `add_time`) VALUES (2,'July',23,'dev','2023-08-27 05:41:41');
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `staffs` ENABLE KEYS */;
UNLOCK TABLES;
SET @@SESSION.SQL_LOG_BIN = @MYSQLDUMP_TEMP_LOG_BIN;
/*!50112 SET @disable_bulk_load = IF (@is_rocksdb_supported, 'SET SESSION rocksdb_bulk_load = @old_rocksdb_bulk_load', 'SET @dummy_rocksdb_bulk_load = 0') */;
/*!50112 PREPARE s FROM @disable_bulk_load */;
/*!50112 EXECUTE s */;
/*!50112 DEALLOCATE PREPARE s */;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=@OLD_TIME_ZONE */;

/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */;
/*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */;
/*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */;
/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET COLLATION_CONNECTION=@OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */;

-- Dump completed on 2023-10-21 12:59:45

2.3、varchar字段测试
[mysql@mysql-leo-master ~]$ mysqldump -uroot -p --single-transaction --complete-insert --where='name="July"' booksDB staffs > /home/mysql/staffs.txt
Enter password: 
Warning: A partial dump from a server that has GTIDs will by default include the GTIDs of all transactions, even those that changed suppressed parts of the database. If you don't want to restore GTIDs, pass --set-gtid-purged=OFF. To make a complete dump, pass --all-databases --triggers --routines --events. 

2.4、数据确认
[mysql@mysql-leo-master ~]$ cat staffs.txt 
-- MySQL dump 10.13  Distrib 5.7.21-20, for Linux (x86_64)
--
-- Host: localhost    Database: booksDB
-- ------------------------------------------------------
-- Server version       5.7.21-20-log

/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;
/*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;
/*!50717 SELECT COUNT(*) INTO @rocksdb_has_p_s_session_variables FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = 'performance_schema' AND TABLE_NAME = 'session_variables' */;
/*!50717 SET @rocksdb_get_is_supported = IF (@rocksdb_has_p_s_session_variables, 'SELECT COUNT(*) INTO @rocksdb_is_supported FROM performance_schema.session_variables WHERE VARIABLE_NAME=\'rocksdb_bulk_load\'', 'SELECT 0') */;
/*!50717 PREPARE s FROM @rocksdb_get_is_supported */;
/*!50717 EXECUTE s */;
/*!50717 DEALLOCATE PREPARE s */;
/*!50717 SET @rocksdb_enable_bulk_load = IF (@rocksdb_is_supported, 'SET SESSION rocksdb_bulk_load = 1', 'SET @rocksdb_dummy_bulk_load = 0') */;
/*!50717 PREPARE s FROM @rocksdb_enable_bulk_load */;
/*!50717 EXECUTE s */;
/*!50717 DEALLOCATE PREPARE s */;
SET @MYSQLDUMP_TEMP_LOG_BIN = @@SESSION.SQL_LOG_BIN;
SET @@SESSION.SQL_LOG_BIN= 0;

--
-- GTID state at the beginning of the backup 
--

SET @@GLOBAL.GTID_PURGED='d0dddbd8-43bd-11ee-ac2f-000c29763af3:1-1597530';

--
-- Table structure for table `staffs`
--

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `staffs`;
/*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client     = @@character_set_client */;
/*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */;
CREATE TABLE `staffs` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(24) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '姓名',
  `age` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '年龄',
  `pos` varchar(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '职位',
  `add_time` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '入职时间',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `index_staffs_nameAgePos` (`name`,`age`,`pos`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='员工记录表';
/*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;

--
-- Dumping data for table `staffs`
--
-- WHERE:  name="July"

LOCK TABLES `staffs` WRITE;
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `staffs` DISABLE KEYS */;
INSERT INTO `staffs` (`id`, `name`, `age`, `pos`, `add_time`) VALUES (2,'July',23,'dev','2023-08-27 05:41:41');
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `staffs` ENABLE KEYS */;
UNLOCK TABLES;
SET @@SESSION.SQL_LOG_BIN = @MYSQLDUMP_TEMP_LOG_BIN;
/*!50112 SET @disable_bulk_load = IF (@is_rocksdb_supported, 'SET SESSION rocksdb_bulk_load = @old_rocksdb_bulk_load', 'SET @dummy_rocksdb_bulk_load = 0') */;
/*!50112 PREPARE s FROM @disable_bulk_load */;
/*!50112 EXECUTE s */;
/*!50112 DEALLOCATE PREPARE s */;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=@OLD_TIME_ZONE */;

/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */;
/*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */;
/*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */;
/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET COLLATION_CONNECTION=@OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */;

-- Dump completed on 2023-10-21 13:05:14

说明：如上所示，指定条件的数据均成功以insert语句导出.