mysql安装

系统版本

[root@mysql01 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)

要安装mysql-8.0.26

1.关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld

关闭selinux

[root@mysql01 ~]# grep ^SELINUX= /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled

2.卸载mariadb依赖包

yum remove mariadb* -y

3.安装相关依赖包

yum install ncurses ncurses-devel libaio-devel openssl openssl-devel -y

4.建立MySQL用户账号

[root@mysql01 ~]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M
[root@mysql01 ~]# id mysql
uid=1000(mysql) gid=1000(mysql) groups=1000(mysql)

5.下载、解压mysql软件包，并做好软链接mysql到/usr/local。

wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-8.0.26-el7-x86_64.tar.gz

tar -xf mysql-8.0.26-el7-x86_64.tar.gz

mv mysql-8.0.26-el7-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

6.创建MySQL数据目录、配置文件(/etc/my.cnf)并授权

[root@mysql01 mysql]# cat >> /etc/my.cnf << 'EOF'
> [mysqld]
> user=mysql
> basedir=/usr/local/mysql
> datadir=/data/3306/data
> port=3306
> socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
>
> [client]
> socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
> EOF

[root@mysql01 mysql]# chown mysql.mysql /etc/my.cnf

7.创建MySQL数据目录并授权

[root@mysql01 mysql]# mkdir /data/3306/data -p
[root@mysql01 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data
[root@mysql01 mysql]# ls -ld /data/

8.配置PATH环境变量，并初始化MySQL数据库

echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' >>/etc/profile

source /etc/profile

echo $PATH

9.初始化MySQL数据库

[root@mysql01 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3306/data/

注：

重点知识1 : 之前不同版本的初始化命令异同
/usr/loc al/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db #5.7之前
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld #5.7和8.0初始化

重点知识2: --initialize和--initialize-insecure区别
--initialize: 会生成一个12位,4种密码复杂度临时管理员密码. 第一次登陆需要修改.
--initialize-insecure：管理员密码为空.

10.配置并启动MySQL数据库 

[root@mysql01 mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/

[root@mysql01 support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

[root@mysql01 support-files]# systemctl enable mysqld

[root@mysql01 support-files]# systemctl start mysqld

[root@mysql01 support-files]# systemctl status mysqld

11.登录检查

mysql