Linux(CentOS) Mysql 8.0.30 安装(多源安装)
安装命令根据实际部署情况修改调整,CentOS一般选择通用版本Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
本文档使用wget下载,也可以自主下载上传到服务器,非YUM安装方式
版本地址:全版本 | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux 7 (x86, 64-bit)版本
文档更新记录:2022/09/23-MySQL Community Server最新版本号:8.0.30
1.0 CentOS7配置阿里云yum源 ,根据实际情况判断是否需要配置
1.1 在安装MySQL之前,需要卸载服务器自带的MySQL包和MySQL数据库分支mariadb的包
$ rpm -qa|grep mysql
$ rpm -qa |grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
$ rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64 --nodeps
1.2 下载(此处下载到/home目录下)
$ wget -P /home https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.30-el7-x86_64.tar
#备注:该包下面有3个子包,此文档主要介绍mysql-8.0.30-el7-x86_64.tar.gz和mysql-router-8.0.30-el7-x86_64.tar.gz
1、mysql-8.0.30-el7-x86_64.tar.gz # MySQL主包,此文档使用的包
2、mysql-router-8.0.30-el7-x86_64.tar.gz # 用于在应用程序和MySQL服务器之间提供透明路由和负载均衡,从而有效提高MySQL数据库服务的高可用性与可伸缩行,此处不介绍
3、mysql-test-8.0.30-el7-x86_64.tar.gz # 测试包
1.3 多实例安装举例(此处安装2个实例,从7001~7002)
$ groupadd mysql
$ useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
$ yum install libaio -y #如果安装失败在安装,一般不需要
$ cd /home
$ tar -xf mysql-8.0.30-el7-x86_64.tar
$ tar -zxvf mysql-8.0.30-el7-x86_64.tar.gz
$ mv mysql-8.0.30-el7-x86_64 /home/mysql
$ mkdir -p /home/mysql/data/{7001,7002}
$ chown -R mysql:mysql /home/mysql
$ cd /home/mysql
1.3 多实例安装举例(此处安装2个实例,从7001~7002,已开启binlog,如果不是用来设置主从的话步长和起始位置设置为1就行,配置7003请忽略,用来做2主1从的配置)
$ vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
user=mysql
basedir=/home/mysql
#禁止反解析IP(提高速度)
skip-name-resolve
[mysqld_multi]
mysqld=/home/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin=/home/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
log=/home/mysql/data/mysqld_multi.log
[mysqld7001]
mysqld=mysqld
mysqladmin=mysqladmin
datadir=/home/mysql/data/7001
port=7001
server_id=7001
socket=/tmp/mysql_7001.sock
log_error=/home/mysql/data/error_7001.log
#开启binlog
log_bin=mysql_bin
binlog_format=ROW
lower_case_table_names=1
log_slave_updates=true
gtid_mode=on
enforce_gtid_consistency=1
#不同步的表(当前_其他)
binlog_ignore_db=mysql
binlog_ignore_db=information_schema
binlog_ignore_db=performance_schema
#屏蔽同步(其他_>当前)
replicate_ignore_db=mysql
replicate_ignore_db=information_schema
replicate_ignore_db=performance_schema
#自增起始位置
auto_increment_offset=1
#自增步长
auto_increment_increment=1
[mysqld7002]
mysqld=mysqld
mysqladmin=mysqladmin
datadir=/home/mysql/data/7002
port=7002
server_id=7002
socket=/tmp/mysql_7002.sock
log_error=/home/mysql/data/error_7002.log
#开启binlog
log_bin=mysql_bin
binlog_format=ROW
lower_case_table_names=1
log_slave_updates=true
gtid_mode=on
enforce_gtid_consistency=1
#不同步的表(当前_其他)
binlog_ignore_db=mysql
binlog_ignore_db=information_schema
binlog_ignore_db=performance_schema
#屏蔽同步(其他_>当前)
replicate_ignore_db=mysql
replicate_ignore_db=information_schema
replicate_ignore_db=performance_schema
#自增起始位置
auto_increment_offset=1
#自增步长
auto_increment_increment=1
# [mysqld7003]
# mysqld=mysqld
# mysqladmin=mysqladmin
# datadir=/home/mysql/data/7003
# port=7003
# server_id=7003
# socket=/tmp/mysql_7003.sock
# log_error=/home/mysql/error_7003.log
# #开启binlog
# log_bin=mysql_bin
# binlog_format=ROW
# lower_case_table_names=1
# log_slave_updates=true
# gtid_mode=on
# enforce_gtid_consistency=1
# #不同步的表(当前_其他)
# binlog_ignore_db=mysql
# binlog_ignore_db=information_schema
# binlog_ignore_db=performance_schema
# #屏蔽同步(其他_>当前)
# replicate_ignore_db=mysql
# replicate_ignore_db=information_schema
# replicate_ignore_db=performance_schema
# #只读
# read_only=1
# innodb_read_only=1
# #super_read_only=1
1.3 初始化多实例(此处要初始化2个实例,从7001~7002,忽略大小写一定要在初始化就加入,并记录下原始密码!!!记录下原始密码!!!记录下原始密码!!!,后面改密前登录使用)
/home/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize --lower-case-table-names=1 --basedir=/home/mysql/ --datadir=/home/mysql/data/7001
/home/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize --lower-case-table-names=1 --basedir=/home/mysql/ --datadir=/home/mysql/data/7002
1.3 设置环境变量(用于系统识别mysqld_multi、mysqladmin等命令)
$ vim /etc/profile
export PATH=/home/mysql/bin:$PATH
$ source /etc/profile
1.5 使用mysqld_multi启动单个实例举例(7001端口),其他端口类似
$ mysqld_multi start 7001
1.6 使用mysqld_multi启动全部实例
$ mysqld_multi start
1.7 [推荐] 关闭单个数据库实例命令(举例7001)
$ mysqladmin -S /tmp/mysql_7001.sock -p shutdown
#备注:不推荐使用mysqld_multi关闭多实例,因为麻烦,需要在my.cnf文件的[mysqld_multi]模块里面配置用户密码,并且各个数据库的用户密码都需要相同,否则无法关闭
1.8 推荐使用socket登录MySQL(举例7001)
$ mysql -S /tmp/mysql_7001.sock -p
1.9 使用mysqld_multi查看实例状态
$ mysqld_multi report
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld7001 is running
MySQL server from group: mysqld7002 is running
1.10 首次登录(举例7001)必须重新设置密码才能正常使用,此处使用
$ mysql -S /tmp/mysql_7001.sock -p
# 修改默认root本地密码并创建远程连接用户park
alter user root@localhost identified by '密码';
create user 'park'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '密码';
grant all on *.* to 'park'@'%';
# 创建主从同步的用户backup
create user 'backup'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '密码';
grant replication slave on *.* to 'backup'@'%';
flush privileges;
exit;
1.11 如果是想配置2台服务器互为主从(需要从1.3的步骤改为 将7001配置的自增步长设置为2,自增起始位置设置为1;将7002配置的自增步长设置为2,自增起始位置设置为2,执行初始化)
(7001为从7002为主)
7002上执行:
# 登录数据库(获得binlog当前日志位置)
$ mysql -S /tmp/mysql_7002.sock -p
show master status;
得:
+------------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| mysql_bin.000001 | 1650 | | mysql,information_schema,performance_schema | 4ef1f4e6-7a66-11eb-9cc0-e8611f2b6693:1-6 |
+------------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+
其中:mysql_bin.000001为master_log_file,1650为master_log_pos
7001上执行:
# 登录数据库
$ mysql -S /tmp/mysql_7001.sock -p
change master to master_host='127.0.0.1', master_port=主库端口此处为7002, master_user='主库用户此处为backup', master_password='backup的密码', master_log_file='此处为mysql-bin.000001', master_log_pos=此处为1650 for channel "通道名称此处设置为7002-7001";
flush privileges;
# 启动同步,使用 show slave status\G; 查看 出现两个IO为YES即可,常用start slave;为停止同步
start slave;
(7002为从7001为主)
7001上执行:
# 登录数据库(获得binlog当前日志位置)
$ mysql -S /tmp/mysql_7001.sock -p
show master status;
得:
+------------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| mysql_bin.000001 | 1888 | | mysql,information_schema,performance_schema | 4af1d4e6-7a66-11eb-9ca0-e8611g2b6692:1-8 |
+------------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+
其中:mysql_bin.000001为master_log_file,1888为master_log_pos
7002上执行:
# 登录数据库
$ mysql -S /tmp/mysql_7002.sock -p
change master to master_host='127.0.0.1', master_port=主库端口此处为7001, master_user='主库用户此处为backup', master_password='backup的密码', master_log_file='此处为mysql-bin.000001', master_log_pos=此处为1888 for channel "通道名称此处设置为7001-7002";
flush privileges;
# 启动同步,使用 show slave status\G; 查看 出现两个IO为YES即可,常用start slave;为停止同步
start slave;
# 备注:可以2台主一台从配合mysql router用,只要channel名称不同就可以同时开2个主同步到一个从
备份顺序(7001主,7002主,7003从):
7001-->7002
7002-->7001
7001->7003
7002->7003
标签:8.0,log,CentOS,mysqld,mysql,7001,home,7002,安装
From: https://www.cnblogs.com/virtulreal/p/16722023.html