关于MySQL的二进制日志（binlog），我们都知道二进制日志（binlog）非常重要，尤其当你需要point to point灾难恢复的时侯，所以我们要对其进行备份。关于二进制日志（binlog)的备份,可以基于flush logs方式先切换binlog，然后拷贝&压缩到到远程服务器或本地服务器的其他存储上，例如挂载的NAS存储，也可以使用mysqlbinlog实现binlog的备份，可以实现MySQL二进制日志（binlog)的本地备份或远程备份。最后将MySQL二进制日志（binlog)的备份文件收到磁带。各个公司的备份策略或备份工具有所不同，这里不做展开，我们主要考虑MySQL二进制日志（binlog)备份方案/策略尽可能尽善尽美，在一些极端情况下少丢失数据。例如，第一种方式，这种备份方式都是周期性的，如果在某个周期中，遇到一些极端情况，例如服务器宕机了，硬盘损坏了，就可能导致这段时间的binlog丢失了。而且这个周期时间太长，二进制日志（binlog）丢失的风险就越大，如果这个周期太短，频繁切换binlog也不好。所以还是使用mysqlbinlog来备份二进制日志（binlog)，这里主要介绍一下我写的MySQL二进制日志的备份脚本，这个脚本参考了如何远程备份MySQL binlog[1]中的脚本，但是在其基础上做了很多改进和完善： 在使用脚本前，必须配置mailx，创建数据库连接账号 这个根据实际情况调整，例如我就是使用Xtrabackup的账号来备份MySQL的binlog。
另外，如果在MySQL数据库服务器本机备份binlog，那么就在本机安全加密登录，如果是在远程服务器备份binlog的话，就在远程服务器配置 mysql_binlog_backup_job.sh脚本 mysql_binlog_backup.sh脚本 配置作业 : https://www.cnblogs.com/ivictor/p/5502240.html
create user bkuser@'xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx' identified by "******";
grant replication client on *.* to bkuser@'%';
grant replication slave on *.* to bkuser@'%';$ mysql_config_editor set --login-path=server1_dbbackup -h xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx -ubkuser -p -P 3306
Enter password:#!/bin/sh
#########################################################################################
# #
# This script is used for mysql binlog backup. #
# #
# #######################################################################################
# #
# ScriptName : mysql_binlog_backup_job.sh #
# Author : 潇湘隐者 #
# CerateDate : 2017-04-14 #
# Description : #
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------#
# 作业中调用此脚本，然后此脚本去调用mysql_binlog_backup.sh执行 #
# MySQL的二进制日志备份(将MySQL的二进制日志备份到NAS存储或备份存#
# 储上)，此脚本还会判断mysqlbinlog是否在一直在备份二进制日志， #
# 如果是的话，则退出当前脚本。如果mysqlbinlog已经由于服务器重 #
# 启等原因退出了，则会重新调用mysql_binlog_backup.sh #
#***************************************************************************************#
# Version Modified Date Description #
#***************************************************************************************#
# V.1.0 2016-06-20 create the script for mysql binlog backp #
# V.1.1 2016-07-26 fix some bug #
# V.1.2 2023-04-14 $FIRST_BINLOG从MySQL中获取，即使远程备份也不用手工 #
# 设定,本地备份也可以这种方式，本地备份默认从 #
# mysql binlog index file读取 #
#########################################################################################
#mysql binlog备份文件的保留天数
KEEPY_DAYS=7
FIRST_BINLOG=''
LOG_DATE=$(date +%Y_%m_%d_%H_%M_%S)
BACKUP_DATE=$(date +%Y_%m_%d_%H_%M_%S)
LOCAL_BACKUP_DIR=/dbbackup/mysql_backup/db_backup/binlog_backup
#MYSQL_BINLOG_INDEX=/data/bin_logs/mysql_binlog.index
MYSQL_CMD=/opt/mysql/mysql8.0/bin/mysql
BACKUP_LOG_PATH=/dbbackup/mysql_backup/logs
ERROR_LOG=${BACKUP_LOG_PATH}/binlog_backup_error_${BACKUP_DATE}.log
FILE_TYPE="mysql_binlog.*"
SQL_TEXT='show binary logs'
MAIL_TO="[email protected]"
MAIL_FROM="[email protected]"
MYSQL_LOGIN_PATH=server1_dbbackup
error()
{
echo "$1" 1>&2
echo "$1" >> ${ERROR_LOG}
echo "$1" | mailx -s "The binlog backup on the server `hostname` failed ,please check the log!" -r ${MAIL_FROM} ${MAIL_TO}
exit 1
}
##目录不存在则创建目录
if [ ! -d $BACKUP_LOG_PATH ];then
mkdir -p $BACKUP_LOG_PATH
fi
if [ ! -x /bin/mailx ];then
error "{LOG_DATE}:mailx did not exists!"
fi
if [ ! -x $MYSQL_CMD ];then
error "{LOG_DATE}: mysql client did not exists!"
fi
#SQL_RESULT=`mysql -h${REMOTE_HOST} -P${PORT} -u${USER_NAME} -p${PASSWORD} ${DATABASE_NAME} -Bse "${SQL_TEXT}"`
SQL_RESULT=`$MYSQL_CMD --login-path=${MYSQL_LOGIN_PATH} -Bse "${SQL_TEXT}"`
FIRST_BINLOG=`echo ${SQL_RESULT} | awk '{print $1}'`
echo $FIRST_BINLOG
if [ ! $FIRST_BINLOG ];then
error "${LOG_DATE}: please check the mysql binlog"
fi
##create local_backup_dir if this folder is not exists
if [ ! -d ${LOCAL_BACKUP_DIR} ];then
mkdir -p ${LOCAL_BACKUP_DIR}
fi
if [ ! -e ${MYSQL_BINLOG_INDEX} ];then
error "${LOG_DATE}:mysql binlog index file did not exists, please check it!"
fi
#删除KEEPY_DAYS天之前的binlog备份文件
find ${LOCAL_BACKUP_DIR} -name "${FILE_TYPE}" -type f -mtime +$KEEPY_DAYS -delete
#删除30天前的错误日志
find ${BACKUP_LOG_PATH} -name "binlog_backup_error*.log" -mtime 30 -delete
process_num=$(ps -ef | grep -w mysqlbinlog | grep -v grep |wc -l)
if [ ${process_num} -ge 1 ];then
exit 1
else
#如果是在本机备份binlog到NAS存储或备份存储上，从二进制文件的索引获取当前MySQL数据库最小的binlog文件
#如果是远程备份二进制日志(binlog)的话，则使用下面注释的脚本获取
#FIRST_BINLOG=$(head -1 ${MYSQL_BINLOG_INDEX})
#FIRST_BINLOG=$(find ${LOCAL_BACKUP_DIR} -name "mysql_binlog.*" -printf "%p\t%C@\n" | sort -k2 -g |head -1 | awk '{print $1}' | awk -F "/" '{print $NF}')
echo ${FIRST_BINLOG}
nohup sh /dbbackup/mysql_backup/scripts/mysql_binlog_backup.sh ${FIRST_BINLOG} ${LOCAL_BACKUP_DIR} ${FILE_TYPE} &
fi#!/bin/sh
#########################################################################################
# #
# This script is used for mysql binlog local or remote backup. #
# #
# #######################################################################################
# #
# ScriptName : mysql_binlog_backup.sh #
# Author : Kerry #
# CerateDate : 2017-04-14 #
# Description : #
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------#
# 此脚本参考了https://www.cnblogs.com/ivictor/p/5502240.html #
# 的脚本，在它的基础上做了一些改进，例如,ivitcor中脚本备份binlog#
# 如果服务器重启了，则必须手动执行脚本....... #
#***************************************************************************************#
# Version Modified Date Description #
#***************************************************************************************#
# V.1.0 2016-06-20 create the script for mysql binlog backp #
# V.1.1 2016-07-26 fix some bug #
#########################################################################################
BACKUP_BIN=/opt/mysql/mysql8.0/bin/mysqlbinlog
BACKUP_LOG_PATH=/dbbackup/mysql_backup/logs
LOG_DATE=$(date +%Y_%m_%d_%H_%M_%S)
BACKUP_LOG=${BACKUP_LOG_PATH}/binlog_backup.log
ERROR_LOG=${BACKUP_LOG_PATH}/binlog_backup_error_${LOG_DATE}.log
#复制二进制日志的主机，可以远程MySQL数据库也可以是本机
MYSQL_LOGIN_PATH=server1_dbbackup
#time to wait before reconnecting after failure
SLEEP_SECONDS=10
MAIL_TO="[email protected]"
MAIL_FROM="[email protected]"
error()
{
echo "$1" 1>&2
echo "$1" >> ${ERROR_LOG}
echo "$1" | mailx -s "The binlog backup on the server `hostname` failed ,please check the log!" -r ${MAIL_FROM} ${MAIL_TO}
exit 1
}
##目录不存在则创建目录
if [ ! -d $BACKUP_LOG_PATH ];then
mkdir -p $BACKUP_LOG_PATH
fi
if [ "$#" -ne 3];then
error "${LOG_DATE}:you must input 3 arguments"
fi
if [ ! $1 ];then
error "${LOG_DATE}:first_binlog arguments is null"
else
FIRST_BINLOG=$1
fi
if [ ! $2 ];then
error "${LOG_DATE}:local_backup_dir arguments is null"
else
LOCAL_BACKUP_DIR=$2
fi
if [ ! $3 ];then
error "${LOG_DATE}:file_type arguments is null"
else
FILE_TYPE=$3
fi
##检查mysqlbinlog二进制文件是否存在
if [ ! -x ${BACKUP_BIN} ];then
error "${LOG_DATE}:mysqlbinlog did not exists, please check it!"
fi
cd ${LOCAL_BACKUP_DIR}
## 运行while循环，连接断开后等待指定时间，重新连接
while :
do
#如果当前备份二进制日志目录为空，则使用MySQL实例最小的二进制日志文件名
if [ `ls -A "${LOCAL_BACKUP_DIR}" |wc -l` -eq 0 ];then
LAST_BINLOG_FILE=${FIRST_BINLOG}
else
#LAST_FILE=`ls -l ${LOCAL_BACKUP_DIR} | grep -v backuplog |tail -n 1 |awk '{print $9}'`
#echo ${LOCAL_BACKUP_DIR}
#echo ${FILE_TYPE}
#取mysqlbinlog备份的最后一个binlog文件名
LAST_BINLOG_FILE=`find ${LOCAL_BACKUP_DIR} -name "${FILE_TYPE}" -printf "%p\t%C@\n" | sort -k2 -g |tail -1 | awk '{print $1}' | awk -F "/" '{print $NF}'`
fi
#${BACKUP_BIN} --login-path=${MYSQL_LOGIN_PATH} --read-from-remote-server --raw --stop-never --host=${REMOTE_HOST} --port=${REMOTE_PORT} ${LAST_BINLOG_FILE}
${BACKUP_BIN} --login-path=${MYSQL_LOGIN_PATH} --read-from-remote-server --raw --stop-never ${LAST_BINLOG_FILE}
echo "`date +"%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S"` mysqlbinlog停止，返回代码：$?" | tee -a ${BACKUP_LOG}
echo "${SLEEP_SECONDS}秒后再次连接并继续备份" | tee -a ${BACKUP_LOG}
sleep ${SLEEP_SECONDS}
done*/10 * * * * /dbbackup/mysql_backup/scripts/mysql_binlog_backup_job.sh >> /dbbackup/mysql_backup/logs/mysql_binlog_back.log 2>&1参考资料