(Linux系统之使用yum安装Redis数据库)
一、redis介绍
1.redis解释
Redis（Remote Dictionary Server )，即远程字典服务，是一个开源的使用ANSI C语言编写、支持网络、可基于内存亦可持久化的日志型、Key-Value数据库，并提供多种语言的API。
2.redis特点
1.性能极高 – Redis能读的速度是110000次/s,写的速度是81000次/s 。 2.丰富的数据类型
3.redis使用场景
1.缓存——热数据
2.分布式锁与单线程机制
3.队列
4.排行榜
二、检查系统版本
1.检查系统版本
[root@server ~]# cat /etc/os-release
NAME="CentOS Linux"
VERSION="7 (Core)"
ID="centos"
ID_LIKE="rhel fedora"
VERSION_ID="7"
PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Linux 7 (Core)"
ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:centos:centos:7"
HOME_URL="https://www.centos.org/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.centos.org/"
CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT="CentOS-7"
CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT_VERSION="7"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="centos"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="7"
2.检查内核版本
[root@server ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-957.21.3.el7.x86_64
三、检查yum仓库状态
检查yum仓库是否配置，可以使用阿里的仓库源配置。
[root@server ~]# yum repolist all |grep enable
Repodata is over 2 weeks old. Install yum-cron? Or run: yum makecache fast
!appnode/x86_64 AppNode's RPM repository fo enabled: 4,266
!appnode-agent/x86_64 AppNode Agent Repository - enabled: 332
!appnode-ccenter/x86_64 AppNode CCenter Repository enabled: 71
!appnode-extras/x86_64 AppNode Extras Repository - enabled: 88
!base/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base - mirrors.a enabled: 10,072
!docker-ce-stable/7/x86_64 Docker CE Stable - x86_64 enabled: 169
!epel/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterpri enabled: 13,735
!extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras - mirrors enabled: 515
!updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates - mirror enabled: 4,300
四、查看系统默认提供的redis版本
[root@server ~]# yum info redis
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Repodata is over 2 weeks old. Install yum-cron? Or run: yum makecache fast
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Available Packages
Name : redis
Arch : x86_64
Version : 3.2.12
Release : 2.el7
Size : 544 k
Repo : epel/x86_64
Summary : A persistent key-value database
URL : http://redis.io
License : BSD
Description : Redis is an advanced key-value store. It is often referred to as a data
: structure server since keys can contain strings, hashes, lists, sets and
: sorted sets.
:
: You can run atomic operations on these types, like appending to a string;
: incrementing the value in a hash; pushing to a list; computing set
: intersection, union and difference; or getting the member with highest
: ranking in a sorted set.
:
: In order to achieve its outstanding performance, Redis works with an
: in-memory dataset. Depending on your use case, you can persist it either
: by dumping the dataset to disk every once in a while, or by appending
: each command to a log.
:
: Redis also supports trivial-to-setup master-slave replication, with very
: fast non-blocking first synchronization, auto-reconnection on net split
: and so forth.
:
: Other features include Transactions, Pub/Sub, Lua scripting, Keys with a
: limited time-to-live, and configuration settings to make Redis behave like
: a cache.
:
: You can use Redis from most programming languages also.
五、安装redis
1.安装redis
开始安装redis。
[root@server ~]# yum install -y redis
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
appnode | 3.0 kB 00:00:00
appnode-agent | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
appnode-ccenter | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
appnode-extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
docker-ce-stable | 3.5 kB 00:00:00
epel | 4.7 kB 00:00:00
extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
(1/5): epel/x86_64/group_gz | 98 kB 00:00:00
(2/5): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.0 MB 00:00:00
(3/5): docker-ce-stable/7/x86_64/primary_db | 87 kB 00:00:00
(4/5): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 17 MB 00:00:01
(5/5): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 7.0 MB 00:00:01
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package redis.x86_64 0:3.2.12-2.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libjemalloc.so.1()(64bit) for package: redis-3.2.12-2.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package jemalloc.x86_64 0:3.6.0-1.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
===================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
===================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
redis x86_64 3.2.12-2.el7 epel 544 k
Installing for dependencies:
jemalloc x86_64 3.6.0-1.el7 appnode 107 k
Transaction Summary
===================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+1 Dependent package)
Total download size: 651 k
Installed size: 1.7 M
Downloading packages:
(1/2): redis-3.2.12-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 544 kB 00:00:00
(2/2): jemalloc-3.6.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 107 kB 00:00:00
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 2.3 MB/s | 651 kB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : jemalloc-3.6.0-1.el7.x86_64 1/2
Installing : redis-3.2.12-2.el7.x86_64 2/2
Verifying : redis-3.2.12-2.el7.x86_64 1/2
Verifying : jemalloc-3.6.0-1.el7.x86_64 2/2
Installed:
redis.x86_64 0:3.2.12-2.el7
Dependency Installed:
jemalloc.x86_64 0:3.6.0-1.el7
Complete!
2.启动redis服务
[root@server ~]# systemctl enable --now redis
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/redis.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/redis.service.
六、连接redis
测试本地连接redis，查看redis数据库详细信息。
[root@server ~]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> info
# Server
redis_version:3.2.12
redis_git_sha1:00000000
redis_git_dirty:0
redis_build_id:7897e7d0e13773f
redis_mode:standalone
os:Linux 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 x86_64
arch_bits:64
multiplexing_api:epoll
gcc_version:4.8.5
process_id:17174
run_id:0db6caf4f1e1f630fded8256fcf2d032fc9e0ad7
tcp_port:6379
uptime_in_seconds:21
uptime_in_days:0
hz:10
lru_clock:6804044
executable:/usr/bin/redis-server
config_file:/etc/redis.conf
# Clients
connected_clients:1
client_longest_output_list:0
client_biggest_input_buf:0
blocked_clients:0
# Memory
used_memory:813448
used_memory_human:794.38K
used_memory_rss:2523136
used_memory_rss_human:2.41M
used_memory_peak:813448
used_memory_peak_human:794.38K
total_system_memory:7968645120
total_system_memory_human:7.42G
used_memory_lua:37888
used_memory_lua_human:37.00K
maxmemory:0
maxmemory_human:0B
maxmemory_policy:noeviction
mem_fragmentation_ratio:3.10
mem_allocator:jemalloc-3.6.0
# Persistence
loading:0
rdb_changes_since_last_save:0
rdb_bgsave_in_progress:0
rdb_last_save_time:1667748407
rdb_last_bgsave_status:ok
rdb_last_bgsave_time_sec:-1
rdb_current_bgsave_time_sec:-1
aof_enabled:0
aof_rewrite_in_progress:0
aof_rewrite_scheduled:0
aof_last_rewrite_time_sec:-1
aof_current_rewrite_time_sec:-1
aof_last_bgrewrite_status:ok
aof_last_write_status:ok
# Stats
total_connections_received:1
total_commands_processed:1
instantaneous_ops_per_sec:0
total_net_input_bytes:31
total_net_output_bytes:9928
instantaneous_input_kbps:0.00
instantaneous_output_kbps:0.00
rejected_connections:0
sync_full:0
sync_partial_ok:0
sync_partial_err:0
expired_keys:0
evicted_keys:0
keyspace_hits:0
keyspace_misses:0
pubsub_channels:0
pubsub_patterns:0
latest_fork_usec:0
migrate_cached_sockets:0
# Replication
role:master
connected_slaves:0
master_repl_offset:0
repl_backlog_active:0
repl_backlog_size:1048576
repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0
repl_backlog_histlen:0
# CPU
used_cpu_sys:0.04
used_cpu_user:0.01
used_cpu_sys_children:0.00
used_cpu_user_children:0.00
# Cluster
cluster_enabled:0
# Keyspace