方法一：.pgpass

查看postgres家目录

grep postgres /etc/passwd

postgres:x:114:119:PostgreSQL administrator,,,:/var/lib/postgresql:/bin/bash

创建.pgpass

touch /var/lib/postgresql/.pgpass
chown -R postgres.postgres /var/lib/postgresql/.pgpass
chmod 0600 /var/lib/postgresql/.pgpass

文件格式

hostname：：：：port_ database_ username_password

示例

echo "192.168.1.23:5432:postgres:postgres:postgres" >> /var/lib/postgresql/.pgpass

连接测试

su - postgres -c "psql -U postgres -h 192.168.1.23 -p 5432 -w "

psql (15.2 (Ubuntu 15.2-1.pgdg20.04+1))
SSL connection (protocol: TLSv1.3, cipher: TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384, compression: off)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=# 

方法二：设置环境变量 PGPASSWORD

su - postgres -c " export PGPASSWORD="postgres" && psql -U postgres -h 192.168.1.23 -p 5432 "

psql (15.2 (Ubuntu 15.2-1.pgdg20.04+1))
SSL connection (protocol: TLSv1.3, cipher: TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384, compression: off)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=# 

方法三：auth-method trust

pg_hba.conf

echo "host    postgres      postgres         0.0.0.0/0           trust" >> /etc/postgresql/15/main/pg_hba.conf

重启服务

systemctl restart postgresql.service

测试远程连接

su - postgres -c " psql -U postgres  -h 192.168.1.23 -p 5432 "

psql (15.2 (Ubuntu 15.2-1.pgdg20.04+1))
SSL connection (protocol: TLSv1.3, cipher: TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384, compression: off)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=# 

注意事项

host    postgres      postgres         0.0.0.0/0           trust
host    all             all             0.0.0.0/0            scram-sha-256
# trust 认证规则需要在scram-sha-256规则之前，否则trust不生效