0. 当升级到12cR2及以上的版本时，可以使用AutoUpgrade工具来完成升级工作。具体可以参考MOS文档AutoUpgrade Tool (Doc ID 2485457.1)。在本示例中，源数据库的版本为：11.2.0.4；目标数据库的版本为:19.3.0。
1.生成autoupgrade配置文件模板
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/jdk/bin/java -jar /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin/autoupgrade.jar -create_sample_file config
2.编辑autoupgrade配置文件
[oracle@oem ~]$ cat sample_config.cfg |grep -v ^# |grep -v ^$
global.autoupg_log_dir=/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade
upg1.log_dir=/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/employee # Path of the log directory for the upgrade job
upg1.sid=sdswhxcx # ORACLE_SID of the source DB/CDB
upg1.source_home=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1 # Path of the source ORACLE_HOME
upg1.target_home=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1 # Path of the target ORACLE_HOME
upg1.start_time=NOW # Optional. [NOW | +XhYm (X hours, Y minutes after launch) | dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss]
upg1.upgrade_node=oem # Optional. To find out the name of your node, run the hostname utility. Default is ''localhost''
upg1.run_utlrp=yes # Optional. Whether or not to run utlrp after upgrade
upg1.timezone_upg=yes # Optional. Whether or not to run the timezone upgrade
upg1.target_version=19 # Oracle version of the target ORACLE_HOME. Only required when the target Oracle database version is 12.2
根据实际情况修改以上参数值。
3.利用autoupgrade工具
分析当前数据库
[oracle@oem ~]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/jdk/bin/java -jar /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin/autoupgrade.jar -config sample_config.cfg -mode analyze
AutoUpgrade 22.5.221011 launched with default internal options
Processing config file ...
+--------------------------------+
| Starting AutoUpgrade execution |
+--------------------------------+
1 Non-CDB(s) will be analyzed
Type 'help' to list console commands
upg> Job 101 completed
------------------- Final Summary --------------------
Number of databases [ 1 ]
Jobs finished [1]
Jobs failed [0]
Please check the summary report at:
/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/cfgtoollogs/upgrade/auto/status/status.html
/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/cfgtoollogs/upgrade/auto/status/status.log
[oracle@oem ~]$
查看status.html文件，检查升级前的precheck工作是否成功，也可以根据status.log文件中记录的日志查看更详细的内容。如果当前数据库不满足升级要求，则根据提示进行调整。
4.利用autoupgrade工具正式升级
[oracle@oem ~]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/jdk/bin/java -jar /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin/autoupgrade.jar -config sample_config.cfg -mode deploy
AutoUpgrade 22.5.221011 launched with default internal options
Processing config file ...
+--------------------------------+
| Starting AutoUpgrade execution |
+--------------------------------+
1 Non-CDB(s) will be processed
Type 'help' to list console commands
upg> help
exit // To close and exit
help // Displays help
lsj [<option>] [-a <number>] // list jobs by status up to n elements.
-f Filter by finished jobs.
-r Filter by running jobs.
-e Filter by jobs with errors.
-p Filter by jobs being prepared.
-n <number> Display up to n jobs.
-a <number> Repeats the command (in <number> seconds).
lsr // Displays the restoration queue
lsa // Displays the abort queue
tasks // Displays the tasks running
clear // Clears the terminal
resume -job <number> // Restarts a previous job that was running
status [<option>] [-a <number>] // Summary of current execution
-config Show Config Information
-job <number> Summary of a given job
-job <number> -c <dbname> Show details of container
-a [<number>] Repeats the command (in <number> seconds).
restore -job <number> // Restores the database to its state prior to the upgrade
restore all_failed // Restores all failed jobs to their previous states prior to the upgrade
logs // Displays all the log locations
abort -job <number> // Aborts the specified job
h[ist] // Displays the command line history
/[<number>] // Executes the command specified from the history. The default is the last command
meta // Displays Internal latch count
hwinfo // Displays additional information
fxlist -job <number> [<option>] // FixUps summary
-c <dbname> Container specific FixUps
-c <dbname> alter <check> run <yes|no|skip> Update Run Configuration
upg> lsj
+----+--------+---------+---------+-------+----------+-------+-------+
|Job#| DB_NAME| STAGE|OPERATION| STATUS|START_TIME|UPDATED|MESSAGE|
+----+--------+---------+---------+-------+----------+-------+-------+
| 102|sdswhxcx|PREFIXUPS|EXECUTING|RUNNING| 14:45:03|11s ago| |
+----+--------+---------+---------+-------+----------+-------+-------+
Total jobs 1
upg> tasks
+---+------------------+-------------+
| ID| NAME| Job#|
+---+------------------+-------------+
| 1| main| WAITING|
| 42| event_loop|TIMED_WAITING|
| 43| console| RUNNABLE|
| 44| queue_reader| WAITING|
| 46| cmd-0| WAITING|
| 47| job_manager-0| WAITING|
|222|sdswhxcx-puifxl0-0| WAITING|
|223|sdswhxcx-puifxl0-1| WAITING|
|224|sdswhxcx-puifxl0-2| WAITING|
|225|sdswhxcx-puifxl0-3| WAITING|
|234| exec_loop| WAITING|
|237| sql-512443| RUNNABLE|
+---+------------------+-------------+
upg> Job 102 completed
------------------- Final Summary --------------------
Number of databases [ 1 ]
Jobs finished [1]
Jobs failed [0]
Jobs restored [0]
Jobs pending [0]
---- Drop GRP at your convenience once you consider it is no longer needed ----
Drop GRP from sdswhxcx: drop restore point AUTOUPGRADE_9212_SDSWHXCX112040
Please check the summary report at:
/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/cfgtoollogs/upgrade/auto/status/status.html
/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/cfgtoollogs/upgrade/auto/status/status.log
[oracle@oem ~]$
查看status.html文件，检查升级工作是否成功。
5.设置compatible参数
在设置该参数之前，先删除之前创建的restore point。
SQL> drop restore point AUTOUPGRADE_9212_SDSWHXCX112040;
Restore point dropped.
SQL> alter database flashback off;
Database altered.
SQL> alter system set compatible='19.3.0' scope=spfile sid='*';
System altered.
6.重启数据库。
SQL> startup force