Linux

docker安装Mysql

1.docker镜像地址配置

vim /etc/docker/daemon.json

2.加入配置信息

{"registry-mirrors": ["https://wghlmi3i.mirror.aliyuncs.com", "https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn", "https://6kx4zyno.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]}

3.重启docker

service docker restart

4.拉取mysql镜像

docker pull mysql:tag

如果不写tag则表示下载最新的版本：docker pull mysql

目前用mysql5.7较多，我们以mysql5.7为例

docker pull mysql:5.7

5.启动mysql容器

--name指定容器名字 -v目录挂载 -p指定端口映射 -e设置mysql参数 -d后台运行

启动容器前应先创建物理机与容器内的映射信息

创建映射路径，log为mysql日志路径，data为mysql数据路径，conf为mysql配置文件路径

mkdir -p /docker/mysql/var/log /docker/mysql/var/data /docker/mysql/var/conf

docker run -p 5306:3306 --name mysql57 -v /docker/mysql/var/log:/var/log/mysql -v /docker/mysql/var/data:/var/lib/mysql -v /docker/mysql/var/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=D7txumqc2b! -d mysql:5.7 --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci

$\textcolor{RedOrange}{需注意：} $冒号前的为物理机的映射信息，冒号后的为容器的映射信息，映射前应先创建物理机路径

# 设置mysql字符集
--character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci 

$\textcolor{RedOrange}{注意事项：在docker中安装mysql映射端口信息时需确定端口是否占用} $

docker run -d -p 3306:3306 --privileged=true -v /docker/mysql/conf/my.cnf:/etc/my.cnf -v /docker/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 --name mysql mysql:5.7 --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
 
参数说明:
run 运行一个容器
 
-d 后台运行
 
-p 3306:3306 容器内部端口和服务器端口映射关联
 
--privileged=true 设置mysql用户，否则外部不能使用root用户登录
 
-v /docker/mysql/conf/my.cnf:/etc/my.cnf 服务器的/docker/mysql/conf/my.cnf配置映射到docker的my.cnf
 
-v /docker/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql 映射数据库的数据目录，避免docker删除重新运行mysql容器，导致数据丢失
 
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 设置root账号的密码
 
--name mysql mysql:5.7 从docker镜像mysql:5.7启动一个容器，并设置容器的名称为mysql
 
--character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci 设置数据库默认编码

docker run -p 3312:3306 --name mysql -v /docker/mysql/var/log:/var/log/mysql -v /docker/mysql/var/data:/var/lib/mysql -v /docker/mysql/var/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=mysql_password -d mysql:5.7 --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci

6.查看mysql是否运行中

docker ps

[root@nt-web var]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                        COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                PORTS                                                                                                        NAMES
fbf083b59b38   mysql:5.7                    "docker-entrypoint.s…"   18 seconds ago   Up 17 seconds         33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:5306->3306/tcp, :::5306->3306/tcp                                                         mysql57
cf10e973d1db   jumpserver/magnus:v2.27.0    "./entrypoint.sh"        3 days ago       Up 3 days (healthy)   0-29999/tcp, 30101-65535/tcp, 0.0.0.0:30000-30100->30000-30100/tcp, :::30000-30100->3000/tcp                 jms_magnus
b0f57cee920e   jumpserver/lion:v2.27.0      "./entrypoint.sh"        3 days ago       Up 3 days (healthy)   4822/tcp, 8081/tcp  

7.进入mysql容器

[root@nt-web var]# docker exec -it fbf083b59b38 bash
root@fbf083b59b38:/# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
root@fbf083b59b38:/# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

8.查看mysql字符集

mysql> show variables like 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | latin1                     |
| character_set_connection | latin1                     |
| character_set_database   | utf8mb4                    |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | latin1                     |
| character_set_server     | utf8mb4                    |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

$\textcolor{RedOrange}{需注意的是，如果用sqlyog等客户端执行命令查询到的字符集不一定准确，可能由客户端转过编码} $

9.退出mysql

mysql> exit;

10.退出容器

root@fbf083b59b38:/# exit;

11.删除mysql镜像

[root@nt-web var]# docker rm -f 30b362f9e773

30b362f9e773为容器的CONTAINER ID，大家可填写各自具体的容器id删除