Java基础之图书管理系统一：建立信息表为图书管理人员编写一个图书管理系统，图书管理系统的设计主要是实现对图书的管理和相关操作，包括3个表： 读者信息表——存储读者的基本信息，包括学号、姓名、学院、专业班级等。 图书借阅表——存储读者借书的相关信息，包括学号、姓名、书号、书名、借阅日期、应还日期、归还日期等。 新建类： Book类： package book;
import javax.print.DocFlavor;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class Book implements Serializable {
private int bookid;
private String bookname;
private String author;
private String publisher;//出版社
private String publication_date;//出版日期
private int booknumber=0;//数量
private String price;//定价
public void setBookid(int bookid) {
this.bookid = bookid;
}
public void setBookname(String bookname) {
this.bookname = bookname;
}
public void setAuthor(String author) {
this.author = author;
}
public void setPublisher(String publisher) {
this.publisher = publisher;
}
public void setPublication_date(String publication_date) {
this.publication_date = publication_date;
}
public void setBooknumber(int booknumber) {
this.booknumber = booknumber;
}
public void setPrice(String price) {
this.price = price;
}
public String getBookname(){
return bookname;
}
public int getBookid() {
return bookid;
}
public int getBooknumber() {
return booknumber;
}
public String getPrice() {
return price;
}
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
public String getPublication_date() {
return publication_date;
}
public String getPublisher() {
return publisher;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "book{" +
"bookid=" + bookid +
", bookname=" + bookname + +
", author=" + author + +
", publisher=" + publisher + +
", publication_date=" + publication_date + +
", booknumber=" + booknumber +
", price=" + price +
};
}
public Book(){
this.bookid=bookid;
this.bookname=bookname;
this.author=author;
this.publisher=publisher;
this.publication_date=publication_date;
this.booknumber=booknumber;
this.price=price;
}
}
读者类： package book;
import javax.print.DocFlavor;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class Reader implements Serializable {
private long manid;//学号
private String manname;//姓名
private String college;//学院
private String major_class;//专业
public long getManid() {
return manid;
}
public void setManid(long manid) {
this.manid = manid;
}
public String getManname() {
return manname;
}
public void setManname(String manname) {
this.manname = manname;
}
public String getCollege() {
return college;
}
public void setCollege(String college) {
this.college = college;
}
public String getMajor_class() {
return major_class;
}
public void setMajor_class(String major_class) {
this.major_class = major_class;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "reader{" +
"manid=" + manid +
", manname=" + manname + +
", college=" + college + +
", major_class=" + major_class + +
};
}
public Reader(){
this.manid=manid;
this.manname=manname;
this.college=college;
this.major_class=major_class;
}
}
借阅者类： package book;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class BookBorrow implements Serializable {
private long borrowerid=0;//学号
private String borrowername=null;//姓名
private int bookid=0;//书号
private String bookname=null;//书名
private String borrowtime=null;//借阅日期
private String duedate=null;//应还日期
private String returntime=null;//归还日期
// @Override
// public String toString() {
// return "BookBorrow{" +
// "borrowerid=" + borrowerid +
// ", borrowername=" + borrowername + +
// ", bookid=" + bookid +
// ", bookname=" + bookname + +
// ", borrowtime=" + borrowtime + +
// ", duedate=" + duedate + +
// ", returntime=" + returntime + +
// };
// }
public long getBorrowerid() {
return borrowerid;
}
public void setBorrowerid(long borrowerid) {
this.borrowerid = borrowerid;
}
public String getBorrowername() {
return borrowername;
}
public void setBorrowername(String borrowername) {
this.borrowername = borrowername;
}
public int getBookid() {
return bookid;
}
public void setBookid(int bookid) {
this.bookid = bookid;
}
public String getBookname() {
return bookname;
}
public void setBookname(String bookname) {
this.bookname = bookname;
}
public String getBorrowtime() {
return borrowtime;
}
public void setBorrowtime(String borrowtime) {
this.borrowtime = borrowtime;
}
public String getDuedate() {
return duedate;
}
public void setDuedate(String duedate) {
this.duedate = duedate;
}
public String getReturntime() {
return returntime;
}
public void setReturntime(String returntime) {
this.returntime = returntime;
}
public BookBorrow() {
this.borrowerid = borrowerid;
this.borrowername = borrowername;
this.bookid = bookid;
this.bookname = bookname;
this.borrowtime = borrowtime;
this.duedate = duedate;
this.returntime = returntime;
}
}
二，用菜单选择方式完成下列功能：3．图书信息排序：按书号、书名等按升序进行排序。 4．图书信息的修改、删除：按书号或书名进行图书的修改和删除。 5．读者信息添加功能：包括学号、姓名、学院、专业班级等。 6．读者信息查询：分别按学号、姓名、专业班级等进行查询。 7．读者信息排序：按学号、学院等按升序进行排序。 8．读者信息的修改、删除：按学号+姓名进行读者信息的修改和删除。 9．图书借阅：输入学号+书号，如果该书图书信息表中的存馆数量大于0，则可以借出，借出相应数量后修改图书信息表中的存馆数量，在图书借阅表添加该同学的借阅。 10．图书归还：输入学号+书号，修改图书信息表中的存馆数量，在图书借阅表中记录该同学的归还时间。 11．图书借阅查询：分别按学号、书名、学院等进行查询。 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 先看一下菜单选择： public static void main(String[] args) {
//创建集合对象，用于存储数据
ArrayList<Book> array = new ArrayList<Book>();
ArrayList<Reader> arr = new ArrayList<Reader>();
ArrayList<BookBorrow> ar = new ArrayList<BookBorrow>();
//循环
while (true) {
//编写主界面
System.out.println("--------欢迎来到图书管理系统--------");
System.out.println("1.图书信息添加");
System.out.println("2.图书信息查询");
System.out.println("3.图书信息排序");
System.out.println("4.图书信息的修改");
System.out.println("5.图书信息的删除");
System.out.println("6.读者信息添加");
System.out.println("7.读者信息查询");
System.out.println("8.读者信息排序");
System.out.println("9.读者信息的修改");
System.out.println("10.读者信息的删除");
System.out.println("11.图书借阅");
System.out.println("12.图书归还");
System.out.println("13.图书借阅查询");
System.out.println("14.退出");
System.out.println("请输入对应序号：");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
String line = sc.nextLine();
//用switch语句完成操作的选择
switch (line) {
case "1":
System.out.println("");
addBook(array);
break;
case "2":
System.out.println("");
findBook(array);
break;
case "3":
System.out.println("");
sortingBook(array);
break;
case "4":
System.out.println("");
reviseBook(array);
break;
case "5":
System.out.println("");
deleteBook(array);
break;
case "6":
System.out.println("");
addReader(arr);
break;
case "7":
System.out.println("");
findReader(arr);
break;
case "8":
System.out.println("");
sortingReader(arr);
break;
case "9":
System.out.println("");
reviseReader(arr);
break;
case "10":
System.out.println("");
deleteReader(arr);
break;
case "11":
System.out.println("");
borrowingBook(ar, arr, array);
break;
case "12":
System.out.println("");
returnBook(ar, arr, array);
break;
case "13":
System.out.println("");
findBookborrow(ar,arr,array);
break;
case "14":
System.out.println("谢谢使用");
System.exit(0);//JVM退出
default:
System.out.println("请输入正确的序号");
}
}
}
这里创建三个集合对象来接那三个类，由于不知道一个类中会有几个对象，所以用ArrayList方便接收。 3．图书信息排序：按书号、书名等按升序进行排序。 //定义图书排序（冒泡排序）
public static void sortingBook(ArrayList<Book> array) {
// int[] arr = new int[100];
// for (int i = 0; i < array.size(); i++) {
// Book b = array.get(i);
// arr[i] = b.getBookid();
// }
//冒泡
for (int i1 = 0; i1 < array.size() - 1; i1++) {
for (int j = 0; j < array.size() - 1 - i1; j++) {
Book book1 = array.get(j);
Book book2 = array.get(j+1);
if (book1.getBookid()>book2.getBookid()) {
// int temp=arr[j];
// arr[j]=arr[j+1];
// arr[j+1]=temp;
Collections.swap(array, j, j + 1);
}
}
}//书号分别是98765时排序正确（56789），但书号分别是342时排序结果却是324
// 答案：if语句括号里哪两个对象比较，就应该哪两个对象互换，而不是比较这两个去换那两个
System.out.println("已完成排序");
//查看排序后的图书
for (int i = 0; i < array.size(); i++) {
Book b = array.get(i);
System.out.println(b.getBookid() + "," +
b.getBookname() + "," + b.getAuthor() +
"," + b.getPublisher() +","+b.getPublication_date()+ "," + b.getBooknumber() +
"," + b.getPrice());
}
}
4．图书信息的修改、删除：按书号或书名进行图书的修改和删除。 5．读者信息添加功能：包括学号、姓名、学院、专业班级等。 //定义添加读者信息
public static void addReader(ArrayList<Reader> arr) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入学号：");
long sreaderkid = Integer.parseInt(sc.nextLine());
System.out.println("请输入姓名：");
String sreadername = sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入学院：");
String scollege = sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入专业班级：");
String smajor_class = sc.nextLine();
//创建读者对象，将键盘录入的数据赋值给读者对象的成员变量
Reader readers = new Reader();
readers.setManid(sreaderkid);
readers.setManname(sreadername);
readers.setCollege(scollege);
readers.setMajor_class(smajor_class);
arr.add(readers);
System.out.println("添加学生信息成功");
}
6．读者信息查询：分别按学号、姓名、专业班级等进行查询。 //定义查看读者信息
public static void findReader(ArrayList<Reader> arr) {
System.out.println("1.根据学号查找");
System.out.println("2.根据姓名查找");
System.out.println("3.根据专业班级查找");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
//将整型数据Integer转换为基本数据类型int
int a = Integer.parseInt(scanner.nextLine());
if (!(a == 1 || a == 2 || a == 3)) {
System.out.println("输入错误，请重新输写");
} else {
switch (a) {
case 1:
System.out.println("请输入学号：");
long name1;
name1 = Long.parseLong(scanner.next());
if (arr.size() == 0) {
System.out.println("您还没有添加读者");
//结束方法
return;
} else {
System.out.println("学号 姓名 学院 专业班级");
for (int i = 0; i < arr.size(); i++) {
Reader b = arr.get(i);
if (name1 == b.getManid()) {
System.out.println(b.getManid() + "," +
b.getManname() + "," + b.getCollege() +
"," + b.getMajor_class());
}
}
}
break;
case 2:
System.out.println("请输入姓名：");
String name2;
name2 = scanner.next();
if (arr.size() == 0) {
System.out.println("您还没有添加读者");
//结束方法
return;
} else {
System.out.println("学号 姓名 学院 专业班级");
for (int i = 0; i < arr.size(); i++) {
Reader b = arr.get(i);
if (name2.equals(b.getManname())) {
System.out.println(b.getManid() + "," +
b.getManname() + "," + b.getCollege() +
"," + b.getMajor_class());
}
}
}
break;
case 3:
System.out.println("请输入专业班级：");
String name3;
name3 = scanner.next();
if (arr.size() == 0) {
System.out.println("您还没有添加读者");
//结束方法
return;
} else {
System.out.println("学号 姓名 学院 专业班级");
for (int i = 0; i < arr.size(); i++) {
Reader b = arr.get(i);
if (name3.equals(b.getMajor_class())) {
System.out.println(b.getManid() + "," +
b.getManname() + "," + b.getCollege() +
"," + b.getMajor_class());
}
}
}
break;
}
}
}
7．读者信息排序：按学号、学院等按升序进行排序。 //定义冒泡排序
public static void sortingReader(ArrayList<Reader> arr) {
// long[] ar = new long[100];
// for (int i = 0; i < arr.size(); i++) {
// Reader r = arr.get(i);
// ar[i] = Math.toIntExact(r.getManid());
// }
//冒泡
for (int i = 0; i < arr.size() - 1; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < arr.size() - 1 - i; j++) {
Reader reader1=arr.get(j);
Reader reader2=arr.get(j+1);
if (reader1.getManid()>reader2.getManid()) {
Collections.swap(arr, j, j + 1);
}
}
}
System.out.println("已完成排序");
//查看排序后的图书
System.out.println("学号 姓名 学院 专业班级");
for (int i = 0; i < arr.size(); i++) {
Reader r = arr.get(i);
System.out.println(r.getManid() + "," +
r.getManname() + "," + r.getCollege() +
"," + r.getMajor_class());
}
}
（因为学院是String类型的，所以这里只按学号进行升序排序） 8．读者信息的修改、删除：按学号+姓名进行读者信息的修改和删除。 //定义读者信息修改
public static void reviseReader(ArrayList<Reader> arr) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入学号");
long a = Integer.parseInt(scanner.nextLine());
System.out.println("请输入姓名");
String b = scanner.next();
if (arr.size() == 0) {
System.out.println("您还没有添加读者");
//结束方法
return;
} else {
for (int i = 0; i < arr.size(); i++) {
Reader r = arr.get(i);
if (a == r.getManid() && b.equals(r.getManname())) {
long a1;
String a2;
System.out.println("请输入修改后的学号");
a1 = scanner.nextLong();
r.setManid(a1);
System.out.println("请输入修改后的姓名");
a2 = scanner.next();
r.setManname(a2);
System.out.println("请输入修改后的学院");
a2 = scanner.next();
r.setCollege(a2);
System.out.println("请输入修改后的专业班级");
a2 = scanner.next();
r.setMajor_class(a2);
System.out.println("已完成读者信息的修改");
}
}
}
}
//定义读者信息删除
public static void deleteReader(ArrayList<Reader> arr) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入该读者的学号");
long a1 = sc.nextLong();
System.out.println("请输入该读者的姓名");
String a2 = sc.next();
if (arr.size() == 0) {
System.out.println("您还没有添加读者");
//结束方法
return;
} else {
for (int i = 0; i < arr.size(); i++) {
Reader reader = arr.get(i);
if (a1 == reader.getManid() && a2.equals(reader.getManname())) {
arr.remove(i);
}
}
System.out.println("已删除该读者");
}
}
9．图书借阅：输入学号+书号，如果该书图书信息表中的存馆数量大于0，则可以借出，借出相应数量后修改图书信息表中的存馆数量，在图书借阅表添加该同学的借阅。 //定义图书借阅
public static void borrowingBook(ArrayList<BookBorrow> ar, ArrayList<Reader> arr, ArrayList<Book> array) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
boolean panduan1 = false;
boolean panduan2 = false;
Reader reader3 = null;//确定读者类对象
System.out.println("请输入借阅者的学号（8位以内）");
long a1 = sc.nextLong();
System.out.println("请输入借阅的书号");
int a2 = sc.nextInt();
//判断输入的学号是否存在
for (int i = 0; i < arr.size(); i++) {
Reader reader1 = arr.get(i);
if (a1 == reader1.getManid()) {
panduan1 = true;
}
}
//判断书号是否存在
for (int j = 0; j < array.size(); j++) {
Book book1 = array.get(j);
if (a2 == book1.getBookid()) {
panduan2 = true;
}
}
if (panduan1 == true && panduan2 == true) {
for (int i1 = 0; i1 < array.size(); i1++) {
Book book2 = array.get(i1);//确定图书类对象
if (a2 == book2.getBookid() && book2.getBooknumber() >= 1) {
for (int i2 = 0; i2 < arr.size(); i2++) {
Reader reader2 = arr.get(i2);
if (a1 == reader2.getManid()) {
reader3 = reader2;
}
}
System.out.println("该图书剩余：" + book2.getBooknumber() + "本");
System.out.println("请选择您要借出的数量");
int n1 = sc.nextInt();
if (n1 <= book2.getBooknumber()) {
System.out.println("已成功借出");
//获取日历类对象
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
String year = String.valueOf(calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR));//校正后
String nonth = String.valueOf(calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1);
String day = String.valueOf(calendar.get(Calendar.DATE));
calendar.add(Calendar.MONTH, 3);
String year1 = String.valueOf(calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR));//校正后
String nonth1 = String.valueOf(calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1);
String day1 = String.valueOf(calendar.get(Calendar.DATE));
//修改图书数量
book2.setBooknumber(book2.getBooknumber() - n1);
//读者reader3，图书book2
BookBorrow bookBorrow = new BookBorrow();
bookBorrow.setBookid(book2.getBookid());
bookBorrow.setBookname(book2.getBookname());
bookBorrow.setBorrowerid(reader3.getManid());
bookBorrow.setBorrowername(reader3.getManname());
bookBorrow.setBorrowtime(year + "年" + nonth + "月" + day + "日");
bookBorrow.setDuedate(year1 + "年" + nonth1 + "月" + day1 + "日");
//将图书借阅者对象添加到集合中
ar.add(bookBorrow);
}
}
}
} else {
System.out.println("您输入的学号或书号有误");
}
}
10．图书归还：输入学号+书号，修改图书信息表中的存馆数量，在图书借阅表中记录该同学的归还时间。 //定义图书归还
public static void returnBook(ArrayList<BookBorrow> ar, ArrayList<Reader> arr, ArrayList<Book> array) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入您的学号");
long a1 = scanner.nextLong();
System.out.println("请输入书号");
int a2 = scanner.nextInt();
boolean panduan1 = false;
boolean panduan2 = false;
//判断输入的学号是否存在
for (int i = 0; i < arr.size(); i++) {
Reader reader1 = arr.get(i);
if (a1 == reader1.getManid()) {
panduan1 = true;
}
}
//判断书号是否存在
for (int j = 0; j < array.size(); j++) {
Book book1 = array.get(j);
if (a2 == book1.getBookid()) {
panduan2 = true;
}
}
if (panduan1 == true && panduan2 == true) {
for (int i = 0; i < array.size(); i++) {
Book book1=array.get(i);
if (a2==book1.getBookid()){
System.out.println("请输入您归还的数量");
int n;
n= scanner.nextInt();
book1.setBooknumber(book1.getBooknumber()+n);//不知道如何引用借出的数量
Calendar c=Calendar.getInstance();
String year= String.valueOf(c.get(Calendar.YEAR));
String month= String.valueOf(c.get(Calendar.MONTH)+1);
String date= String.valueOf(c.get(Calendar.DATE));
//找借阅者（学号加书号）
for (int i1 = 0; i1 < ar.size(); i1++) {
BookBorrow bookBorrow=ar.get(i1);
if (bookBorrow.getBookid()==a2&&bookBorrow.getBorrowerid()==a1){
bookBorrow.setReturntime(year+"年"+month+"月"+date+"日");
System.out.println("图书归还成功！");
}
}
}
}
} else {
System.out.println("您的输入有误");
}
}
11．图书借阅查询：分别按学号、书名、学院等进行查询。 //定义图书借阅查询
public static void findBookborrow(ArrayList<BookBorrow> ar, ArrayList<Reader> arr, ArrayList<Book> array){
if (ar.size()==0){
System.out.println("您还没有添加借阅者信息");
return;}
System.out.println("请选择您要查询的方式");
System.out.println("1.按学号");
System.out.println("2，桉书名");
System.out.println("3，按学院");
Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
int n1= scanner.nextInt();
switch(n1){
case 1:
System.out.println("请输入您想查询的学号");
long mid= scanner.nextLong();
System.out.println("学号 姓名 书号 书名 借阅日期 应还日期 归还日期");
for (int i = 0; i < ar.size(); i++) {
BookBorrow bookBorrow=ar.get(i);
if (bookBorrow.getBorrowerid()==mid){
System.out.println(bookBorrow.getBorrowerid()+","+bookBorrow.getBorrowername()+","
+bookBorrow.getBookid()+","+bookBorrow.getBookname()+","+bookBorrow.getBorrowtime()+","
+bookBorrow.getDuedate()+","+bookBorrow.getReturntime());
}
}
break;
case 2:
System.out.println("请输入您想查询的书名");
String bname= scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("学号 姓名 书号 书名 借阅日期 应还日期 归还日期");
for (int i = 0; i < ar.size(); i++) {
BookBorrow bookBorrow=ar.get(i);
if (bname.equals(bookBorrow.getBookname())){
System.out.println(bookBorrow.getBorrowerid()+","+bookBorrow.getBorrowername()+","
+bookBorrow.getBookid()+","+bookBorrow.getBookname()+","+bookBorrow.getBorrowtime()+","
+bookBorrow.getDuedate()+","+bookBorrow.getReturntime());
}
}
break;
case 3:
System.out.println("请输入您想查询的学院");
String mcollege= scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("学号 姓名 书号 书名 借阅日期 应还日期 归还日期");
for (int i = 0; i < arr.size(); i++) {
Reader reader=arr.get(i);
if (mcollege.equals(reader.getCollege())){
for (int i1 = 0; i1 < ar.size(); i1++) {
BookBorrow bookBorrow=ar.get(i1);
if (reader.getManid()== bookBorrow.getBookid()){
System.out.println(bookBorrow.getBorrowerid()+","+bookBorrow.getBorrowername()+","
+bookBorrow.getBookid()+","+bookBorrow.getBookname()+","+bookBorrow.getBorrowtime()+","
+bookBorrow.getDuedate()+","+bookBorrow.getReturntime());
}
else {
System.out.println("没有在借阅者信息表中找到此人！");
}
}
}
else {
System.out.println("读者中无人在此学院！");
}
}
break;
default:
System.out.println("您的输入有误！");
}
}
总结：这个做的比较早，一开始的思路是等学完I/O流再做，后来发现用ArrayList也能实现，所以就用它磕磕绊绊的做出来了，目前还在学习中，希望以后能越做越快，越做越好，加油！ |