附上一位博主写的关于git的使用（个人感觉非常完整，对新手很友好）：Git及Tortoisegit下载安装及使用详细配置过程_tortoisegit下载远程代码-CSDN博客
Gitee地址 ：https://gitee.com/wnmdsqwnhkmc/second-assignment
注：本文并不包含主函数，完整代码请移步Gitee
路径：[项目>>ConsoleApplication1>>(无前缀)ConsoleApplication1>>ConsoleApplication1.cpp]
一、项目的简介及其相关的用法
（一）项目介绍
该项目旨在实现一个命令行文本计数统计程序。
基础功能：能正确统计导入的纯英文txt文本中的字符数，单词数，句子数。
拓展功能：能正确统计导入的txt文本中的代码行，空白行，注释行。
具体命令行界面要求举例：
命令模式： wc.exe + [参数] [文件名]
以下为示例：
1. wc.exe -c file.txt 统计字符数
2. wc.exe -w file.txt 统计单词数
3. wc.exe -s file.txt 统计句子数
4. wc.exe -code file.txt 统计代码行
5. wc.exe -e file.txt 统计空白行
6. wc.exe -n file.txt 统计注释行
其中，"wc"为应用程序的名称，"-c""-w""-s"等为命令参数，"file"为txt文件的名称。
（二）具体操作
1. win+r，输入cmd
2. 输入应用程序exe文件所在位置（本程序位于D盘的“测试”文件夹中，注意cd后需有空格）
3. 输入示例命令"ConsoleApplication1.exe -c word.txt"。该处程序名为"ConsoleApplication1"，txt文件名为word。
二、文件列表及其相关说明
（一）v0.1 空项目：该项目为C++读取文本文件的简单测试。
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream> // 包含用于文件输入输出的头文件
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main() {
string path = "./word.txt";
// 直接在构造函数中打开文件
ifstream in_file(path);
// 检查文件是否成功打开
if (in_file) {
cout << "Open File Successfully" << endl;
string line;
// 逐行读取文件内容并打印到控制台
while (getline(in_file, line)) {
cout << line << endl;
}
}
else {
// 使用cerr进行错误输出
cerr << "Cannot Open File: " << path << endl;
return EXIT_FAILURE; // 直接返回失败状态
}
return EXIT_SUCCESS; // 返回成功状态
}（二）v0.2 项目完成基础功能：该项目可实现对txt文件的读取操作，并对其中字符数，单词数，句子数进行统计。
统计字符数
//在本项目中，字符数包括标点、空格、字母
long count(string file) {
char c;
long number = 0;
ifstream infile(file);
assert(infile.is_open());
while (infile.get(c)) {
number++;
}
infile.close();
return number;
}
统计单词数
long word(string file) {
char c;
long number = 0;
bool inWord = false;
ifstream infile(file);
assert(infile.is_open());
infile >> noskipws;
while (infile.get(c)) {
if (isalpha(c)) {
if (!inWord) {
inWord = true;
number++;
}
}
else {
inWord = false;
}
}
infile.close();
return number;
}
统计句子数
long sentence(string file) {
char c;
long number = 0;
bool inSentence = false;
ifstream infile(file);
assert(infile.is_open());
infile >> noskipws;
while (infile.get(c)) {
if (isalpha(c) || isdigit(c)) {
if (!inSentence) {
inSentence = true;
}
}
else if (c == '.' || c == ';') {
if (inSentence) {
number++;
inSentence = false;
}
}
else {
inSentence = false;
}
}
// 判断最后一个字符是不是句子的一部分
if (inSentence) number++;
infile.close();
return number;
}
（三）v0.3 项目完成扩展功能：实现统计代码行、空行、注释行等操作。
统计代码行
long cod(string file) {
long number = 0;
ifstream infile(file);
assert(infile.is_open());
string line;
while (getline(infile, line)) {
number++;
}
infile.close();
return number;
}
统计空行
long empty(string file) {
long number = 0;
ifstream infile(file);
assert(infile.is_open());
string line;
while (getline(infile, line)) {
if (line.empty()) {
number++;
}
}
infile.close();
return number;
}
统计注释行
long note(string file) {
char c;
long number = 0;
bool inComment = false;
ifstream infile(file);
assert(infile.is_open());
while (infile.get(c)) {
if (c == '/') {
char nextChar;
infile.get(nextChar);
if (nextChar == '/') {
inComment = true;
number++; // 用 '//' 判断一段注释行
break; // 只要检测到了，就可以停止这一行的检测
}
else {
infile.putback(nextChar);
}
}
else if (c == '\n') {
inComment = false;
}
}
infile.clear(); // 清除 EOF flag
infile.seekg(0, ios::beg);
string line;
while (getline(infile, line)) {
if (line.find("//") != string::npos) {
number++;
}
}
infile.close();
if (number > 0) number--;
return number;
}
（四）单元测试及性能测试
单元测试
void test_count() {
ofstream file("file1.txt");
file << "Hello, World!";
file.close();
assert(count("file1.txt") == 13);
}
void test_word() {
ofstream file("file2.txt");
file << "This is a test.";
file.close();
assert(word("file2.txt") == 4);
}
void test_sentence() {
ofstream file("file2.txt");
file << "This is a test. It works well;";
file.close();
assert(sentence("file2.txt") == 2);
}
void test_cod() {
ofstream file("file3.txt");
file << "int main() {\n";
file << " // this is a comment\n";
file << " return 0;\n";
file << "}\n\n";
file.close();
assert(cod("file3.txt") == 5);
}
void test_empty() {
ofstream file("file3.txt");
file << "int main() {\n";
file << "\n";
file << " return 0;\n";
file << "}\n\n";
file.close();
assert(countEmpty("file3.txt") == 2);
}
void test_note() {
ofstream file("file3.txt");
file << "// comment 1\n";
file << "int main() {\n";
file << " // comment 2\n";
file << " return 0;\n";
file << "}\n";
file.close();
assert(note("file3.txt") == 2);
}
void run_tests() {
test_count();
test_word();
test_sentence();
test_cod();
test_empty();
test_note();
cout << "所有单元测试通过！" << endl;
}
性能测试
void performance_test() {
ofstream file("large_file.txt");
for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
file << "This is line " << i << ". // Comment line\n";
file << "int value" << i << " = " << i << ";\n";
if (i % 10 == 0) {
file << "\n";
}
}
file.close();
auto start = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "字符数: " << count("large_file.txt") << endl;
auto end = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "字符统计用时: "
<< chrono::duration_cast<chrono::milliseconds>(end - start).count() << " ms\n";
start = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "单词数: " << word("large_file.txt") << endl;
end = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "单词统计用时: "
<< chrono::duration_cast<chrono::milliseconds>(end - start).count() << " ms\n";
start = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "句子数: " << sentence("large_file.txt") << endl;
end = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "句子统计用时: "
<< chrono::duration_cast<chrono::milliseconds>(end - start).count() << " ms\n";
start = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "代码行数: " << cod("large_file.txt") << endl;
end = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "代码统计用时: "
<< chrono::duration_cast<chrono::milliseconds>(end - start).count() << " ms\n";
start = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "空行数: " << countEmpty("large_file.txt") << endl;
end = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "空行统计用时: "
<< chrono::duration_cast<chrono::milliseconds>(end - start).count() << " ms\n";
start = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "注释行数: " << note("large_file.txt") << endl;
end = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "注释统计用时: "
<< chrono::duration_cast<chrono::milliseconds>(end - start).count() << " ms\n";
}
三、例程运行及其相关结果
（一）v0.1 空项目
（二）v0.2 项目完成基础功能
（三）v0.3 项目完成扩展功能
（四）单元测试与性能测试
- CPU使用率
四、总结
- Git推送代码失败时，在Bash输入"git push -f origin master"
五、最后附上单元测试完整代码
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <cassert>
#include <chrono>
using namespace std;
// 显示帮助信息
void help() {
cout << "Usage: " << endl;
cout << "-c : 统计字符数" << endl;
cout << "-w : 统计单词书" << endl;
cout << "-s : 统计句子数" << endl;
cout << "-code : 统计代码数" << endl;
cout << "-e : 统计空行数" << endl;
cout << "-n : 统计注释数" << endl;
cout << "-h : 显示帮助" << endl;
}
long count(string file) {
char c;
long number = 0;
ifstream infile(file);
assert(infile.is_open());
while (infile.get(c)) {
number++;
}
infile.close();
return number;
}
long word(string file) {
char c;
long number = 0;
bool inWord = false;
ifstream infile(file);
assert(infile.is_open());
infile >> noskipws;
while (infile.get(c)) {
if (isalpha(c)) {
if (!inWord) {
inWord = true;
number++;
}
}
else {
inWord = false;
}
}
infile.close();
return number;
}
long sentence(string file) {
char c;
long number = 0;
bool inSentence = false;
ifstream infile(file);
assert(infile.is_open());
infile >> noskipws;
while (infile.get(c)) {
if (isalpha(c) || isdigit(c)) {
if (!inSentence) {
inSentence = true;
}
}
else if (c == '.' || c == ';') {
if (inSentence) {
number++;
inSentence = false;
}
}
else {
inSentence = false;
}
}
// 判断最后一个字符是不是句子的一部分
if (inSentence) number++;
infile.close();
return number;
}
long cod(string file) {
long number = 0;
ifstream infile(file);
assert(infile.is_open());
string line;
while (getline(infile, line)) {
number++;
}
infile.close();
return number;
}
long countEmpty(string file) {
long number = 0;
ifstream infile(file);
assert(infile.is_open());
string line;
while (getline(infile, line)) {
if (line.empty()) {
number++;
}
}
infile.close();
return number;
}
long note(string file) {
char c;
long number = 0;
bool inComment = false;
ifstream infile(file);
assert(infile.is_open());
while (infile.get(c)) {
if (c == '/') {
char nextChar;
infile.get(nextChar);
if (nextChar == '/') {
inComment = true;
number++; // 用 '//' 判断一段注释行
break; // 只要检测到了，就可以停止这一行的检测
}
else {
infile.putback(nextChar);
}
}
else if (c == '\n') {
inComment = false;
}
}
infile.clear(); // 清除 EOF flag
infile.seekg(0, ios::beg);
string line;
while (getline(infile, line)) {
if (line.find("//") != string::npos) {
number++;
}
}
infile.close();
if (number > 0) number--;
return number;
}
void test_count() {
ofstream file("file1.txt");
file << "Hello, World!";
file.close();
assert(count("file1.txt") == 13);
}
void test_word() {
ofstream file("file2.txt");
file << "This is a test.";
file.close();
assert(word("file2.txt") == 4);
}
void test_sentence() {
ofstream file("file2.txt");
file << "This is a test. It works well;";
file.close();
assert(sentence("file2.txt") == 2);
}
void test_cod() {
ofstream file("file3.txt");
file << "int main() {\n";
file << " // this is a comment\n";
file << " return 0;\n";
file << "}\n\n";
file.close();
assert(cod("file3.txt") == 5);
}
void test_empty() {
ofstream file("file3.txt");
file << "int main() {\n";
file << "\n";
file << " return 0;\n";
file << "}\n\n";
file.close();
assert(countEmpty("file3.txt") == 2);
}
void test_note() {
ofstream file("file3.txt");
file << "// comment 1\n";
file << "int main() {\n";
file << " // comment 2\n";
file << " return 0;\n";
file << "}\n";
file.close();
assert(note("file3.txt") == 2);
}
void run_tests() {
test_count();
test_word();
test_sentence();
test_cod();
test_empty();
test_note();
cout << "所有单元测试通过！" << endl;
}
void performance_test() {
ofstream file("large_file.txt");
for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
file << "This is line " << i << ". // Comment line\n";
file << "int value" << i << " = " << i << ";\n";
if (i % 10 == 0) {
file << "\n";
}
}
file.close();
auto start = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "字符数: " << count("large_file.txt") << endl;
auto end = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "字符统计用时: "
<< chrono::duration_cast<chrono::milliseconds>(end - start).count() << " ms\n";
start = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "单词数: " << word("large_file.txt") << endl;
end = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "单词统计用时: "
<< chrono::duration_cast<chrono::milliseconds>(end - start).count() << " ms\n";
start = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "句子数: " << sentence("large_file.txt") << endl;
end = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "句子统计用时: "
<< chrono::duration_cast<chrono::milliseconds>(end - start).count() << " ms\n";
start = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "代码行数: " << cod("large_file.txt") << endl;
end = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "代码统计用时: "
<< chrono::duration_cast<chrono::milliseconds>(end - start).count() << " ms\n";
start = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "空行数: " << countEmpty("large_file.txt") << endl;
end = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "空行统计用时: "
<< chrono::duration_cast<chrono::milliseconds>(end - start).count() << " ms\n";
start = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "注释行数: " << note("large_file.txt") << endl;
end = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
cout << "注释统计用时: "
<< chrono::duration_cast<chrono::milliseconds>(end - start).count() << " ms\n";
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
cout << "-------------------单元测试部分--------------------" << endl;
run_tests();
cout << "-------------------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "\n\n-------------------性能测试部分--------------------" << endl;
performance_test();
cout << "-------------------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "\n\n-------------------程序功能部分------------------" << endl;
string c = "-c", w = "-w", s = "-s", code = "-code", e = "-e", n = "-n", h = "-h";
if (argc < 2) {
help();
return 0;
}
string option = argv[1];
string filename = (argc > 2) ? argv[2] : "";
if (option == h) {
help();
}
else if (option == c) {
cout << count(filename) << " 字符数" << endl;
}
else if (option == w) {
cout << word(filename) << " 单词数" << endl;
}
else if (option == s) {
cout << sentence(filename) << " 句子数" << endl;
}
else if (option == code) {
cout << cod(filename) << " 代码数" << endl;
}
else if (option == e) {
cout << countEmpty(filename) << " 空行数" << endl;
}
else if (option == n) {
cout << note(filename) << " 注释行数" << endl;
}
else {
cout << "Unknown option: " << option << endl;
help();
}
return 0;
}