C#反序列化XML时提示XML 文档(1, 1)中有错误

最近在反序列化一个XML时，遇到了如下报错：

XML 文档(1, 1)中有错误。

内部异常

XmlException: 根级别上的数据无效。 第 1 行，位置 1。

看描述应该是XML格式的问题，我把XML复制到新建的控制台程序，反序列化又是可以的。代码如下：

 1  internal class Program
 2  {
 3      static void Main(string[] args)
 4      {
 5          var xml = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>\r\n<Response>\r\n  <Status>200</Status>\r\n  <Message>成功</Message>\r\n</Response>";
 6 
 7          XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Response));
 8          using (StringReader sr = new StringReader(xml))
 9          {
10              Response response = (Response)xmlSerializer.Deserialize(sr);
11          }          
13      }
14  }
15 
16  public class Response
17  {
18      public int Status { get; set; }
19 
20      public string Message { get; set; }
21  }

在Stackoverflow上找到一个解决方案，这里分享一下

原因如下：

Each Unicode character in a string is defined by a Unicode scalar value, also called a Unicode code point or the ordinal (numeric) value of the Unicode character. Each code point is encoded using UTF-16 encoding, and the numeric value of each element of the encoding is represented by a Char object.

大意来讲，就是XML里指定的是utf-8编码，.NET内部使用了utf-16编码。

1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

解决方法如下：

使用Utf-8编码获取字节数组，再通过调用Deserialize的重载，将字节数组转换成流传进去。

1 XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
2 
3 var buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(xml);
4 using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(buffer))
5 {
6     return (T)xmlSerializer.Deserialize(ms);
7 }

参考资料：

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/310669/why-does-c-sharp-xmldocument-loadxmlstring-fail-when-an-xml-header-is-included