1. 需求分析
明确系统的主要功能需求,例如:
- 用户注册与登录
- 图书信息管理(增删改查)
- 借阅管理
- 归还管理
- 用户管理
- 管理员管理功能
2. 技术选型
确定使用的技术栈:
- 后端:Spring, Spring MVC, MyBatis
- 前端:HTML, CSS, JavaScript (可选框架如Vue.js或React.js)
- 数据库:MySQL
- 服务器:Tomcat
3. 数据库设计
设计数据库模型,比如用户表、图书表、借阅记录表等。这里以用户表、图书表和借阅记录表为例:
user
表
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
`username` VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
`password` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
`email` VARCHAR(100),
`phone` VARCHAR(20),
`role` VARCHAR(50) DEFAULT 'user',
`created_at` DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);
book
表
CREATE TABLE `book` (
`id` INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
`title` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
`author` VARCHAR(255),
`publisher` VARCHAR(255),
`publication_date` DATE,
`isbn` VARCHAR(13),
`category` VARCHAR(100),
`available` BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
`created_at` DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);
borrow_record
表
CREATE TABLE `borrow_record` (
`id` INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
`user_id` INT NOT NULL,
`book_id` INT NOT NULL,
`borrow_date` DATE,
`due_date` DATE,
`return_date` DATE,
`status` VARCHAR(50),
`created_at` DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `user`(`id`),
FOREIGN KEY (`book_id`) REFERENCES `book`(`id`)
);
4. 创建项目结构
使用IDE(如IntelliJ IDEA或Eclipse)创建一个新的Maven项目,并添加必要的依赖项到pom.xml
文件中。
5. 配置Spring和MyBatis
在src/main/resources
目录下创建配置文件,如applicationContext.xml
和mybatis-config.xml
,用于配置Spring和MyBatis。
applicationContext.xml
示例
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/library?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="password"/>
</bean>
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
</bean>
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.library.mapper"/>
</bean>
6. 编写Mapper接口
定义MyBatis的Mapper接口来操作数据库。例如,为用户表和图书表创建UserMapper.java
和BookMapper.java
:
UserMapper.java
package com.library.mapper;
import com.library.entity.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
@Select("SELECT * FROM user WHERE username = #{username}")
User findByUsername(@Param("username") String username);
@Insert("INSERT INTO user(username, password, email, phone, role) VALUES(#{username}, #{password}, #{email}, #{phone}, #{role})")
int insert(User user);
}
BookMapper.java
package com.library.mapper;
import com.library.entity.Book;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;
@Mapper
public interface BookMapper {
@Select("SELECT * FROM book")
List<Book> findAll();
@Select("SELECT * FROM book WHERE id = #{id}")
Book findById(@Param("id") int id);
@Insert("INSERT INTO book(title, author, publisher, publication_date, isbn, category, available) VALUES(#{title}, #{author}, #{publisher}, #{publication_date}, #{isbn}, #{category}, #{available})")
int insert(Book book);
@Update("UPDATE book SET title=#{title}, author=#{author}, publisher=#{publisher}, publication_date=#{publication_date}, isbn=#{isbn}, category=#{category}, available=#{available} WHERE id=#{id}")
int update(Book book);
@Delete("DELETE FROM book WHERE id=#{id}")
int delete(@Param("id") int id);
}
7. 实现Service层
编写服务层来处理业务逻辑。例如,创建一个UserService.java
和BookService.java
:
UserService.java
package com.library.service;
import com.library.entity.User;
import com.library.mapper.UserMapper;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class UserService {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
public User login(String username, String password) {
User user = userMapper.findByUsername(username);
if (user != null && user.getPassword().equals(password)) {
return user;
}
return null;
}
public void register(User user) {
userMapper.insert(user);
}
}
BookService.java
package com.library.service;
import com.library.entity.Book;
import com.library.mapper.BookMapper;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class BookService {
@Autowired
private BookMapper bookMapper;
public List<Book> getAllBooks() {
return bookMapper.findAll();
}
public Book getBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.findById(id);
}
public void addBook(Book book) {
bookMapper.insert(book);
}
public void updateBook(Book book) {
bookMapper.update(book);
}
public void deleteBook(int id) {
bookMapper.delete(id);
}
}
8. 控制器层
使用Spring MVC编写控制器来处理HTTP请求。例如,创建一个UserController.java
和BookController.java
:
UserController.java
package com.library.controller;
import com.library.entity.User;
import com.library.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@PostMapping("/login")
public String login(@RequestParam("username") String username, @RequestParam("password") String password) {
User user = userService.login(username, password);
if (user != null) {
// 登录成功后的处理
return "redirect:/home";
} else {
// 登录失败后的处理
return "login";
}
}
@PostMapping("/register")
public String register(@ModelAttribute User user) {
userService.register(user);
return "redirect:/login";
}
}
BookController.java
package com.library.controller;
import com.library.entity.Book;
import com.library.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
@Autowired
private BookService bookService;
@GetMapping("/list")
public String listBooks(Model model) {
List<Book> books = bookService.getAllBooks();
model.addAttribute("books", books);
return "bookList";
}
@GetMapping("/view/{id}")
public String viewBook(@PathVariable("id") int id, Model model) {
Book book = bookService.getBookById(id);
model.addAttribute("book", book);
return "bookView";
}
@GetMapping("/add")
public String showAddForm(Model model) {
model.addAttribute("book", new Book());
return "bookAdd";
}
@PostMapping("/add")
public String addBook(@ModelAttribute Book book) {
bookService.addBook(book);
return "redirect:/book/list";
}
@GetMapping("/edit/{id}")
public String showEditForm(@PathVariable("id") int id, Model model) {
Book book = bookService.getBookById(id);
model.addAttribute("book", book);
return "bookEdit";
}
@PostMapping("/edit/{id}")
public String editBook(@PathVariable("id") int id, @ModelAttribute Book book) {
book.setId(id);
bookService.updateBook(book);
return "redirect:/book/list";
}
@GetMapping("/delete/{id}")
public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("id") int id) {
bookService.deleteBook(id);
return "redirect:/book/list";
}
}
9. 前端页面
根据需要设计前端页面,可以使用Thymeleaf作为模板引擎。例如,创建一个简单的登录页面login.html
和图书列表页面bookList.html
:
login.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<title>Login Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<form th:action="@{/user/login}" method="post">
<label>Username:</label><input type="text" name="username"/><br/>
<label>Password:</label><input type="password" name="password"/><br/>
<button type="submit">Login</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>
bookList.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<title>Book List</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Book List</h1>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>Title</th>
<th>Author</th>
<th>Publisher</th>
<th>Publication Date</th>
<th>ISBN</th>
<th>Category</th>
<th>Available</th>
<th>Actions</th>
</tr>
<tr th:each="book : ${books}">
<td th:text="${book.id}"></td>
<td th:text="${book.title}"></td>
<td th:text="${book.author}"></td>
<td th:text="${book.publisher}"></td>
<td th:text="${book.publication_date}"></td>
<td th:text="${book.isbn}"></td>
<td th:text="${book.category}"></td>
<td th:text="${book.available}"></td>
<td>
<a th:href="@{/book/view/{id}(id=${book.id})}">View</a>
<a th:href="@{/book/edit/{id}(id=${book.id})}">Edit</a>
<a th:href="@{/book/delete/{id}(id=${book.id})}">Delete</a>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<a href="/book/add">Add New Book</a>
</body>
</html>
标签:Java,管理系统,Book,public,图书馆,book,user,import,id
From: https://blog.csdn.net/BABA8891/article/details/143419073