java实现邮件发送功能

标签：java mail servlet 发送 new import com 邮件

配置环境 tomcat 10，JDK15，MAVEN 3.6.3

导入jar包

要在网络上实现邮件功能，必须要有专门的邮件服务器。这些邮件服务器类似于现实生活中的邮局，它主要负责接收用户投递过来的邮件，并把邮件投递到邮件接收者的电子邮箱中。

SMTP服务器地址：一般是 smtp.xxx.com，比如163邮箱是smtp.163.com，qq邮箱是smtp.qq.com。

SMTP协议

通常把处理用户smtp请求(邮件发送请求)的服务器称之为SMTP服务器(邮件发送服务器)。

POP3协议

通常把处理用户pop3请求(邮件接收请求)的服务器称之为POP3服务器(邮件接收服务器)。

以QQ邮箱为例,（仅QQ和阿里邮箱需要密钥）

在QQ邮箱中打开这两个设置设置-->账户

配置pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>mail</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>15</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>15</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.24</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jakarta.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jakarta.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jakarta.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jakarta.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

结构图

User.java

package com.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String email;
}

SendOutMail.java

package com.servlet;

import com.pojo.User;
import com.util.SendMail;
import jakarta.servlet.ServletException;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;


import java.io.IOException;

public class SendOutMail extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //处理前端请求
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");
        String email = request.getParameter("email");

        //将信息封装进user对象
        User user = new User(username, password, email);

        SendMail sendMail = new SendMail(user);
        sendMail.start(); //开启线程

        request.setAttribute("msg","发送成功");
        try {
            request.getRequestDispatcher("msg.jsp").forward(request,response);
        } catch (ServletException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

SendMail.java

package com.util;

import com.pojo.User;
import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.util.Properties;

public class SendMail extends Thread {
    //发件人信息
    private String From = "3220445784@qq.com";
    //发件人邮箱
    private String recipient = "3220445784@qq.com";
    //邮箱密码
    private String password = "pdazqsspfpfmdgdc";//QQ的16位密钥
    //邮件发送的服务器
    private String host = "smtp.qq.com";

    //收件人信息
    private User user;
    public SendMail(User user){
        this.user = user;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            Properties properties = new Properties();

            properties.setProperty("mail.host","smtp.qq.com");

            properties.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol","smtp");

            properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth","true");

            //QQ存在一个特性设置SSL加密
            MailSSLSocketFactory sf = null;
            try {
                sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
            } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
            properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
            properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);

            //创建一个session对象
            Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties, new Authenticator() {
                @Override
                protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                    return new PasswordAuthentication(recipient,password);
                }
            });

            //开启debug模式
            session.setDebug(true);

            //获取连接对象
            Transport transport = null;
            try {
                transport = session.getTransport();
            } catch (NoSuchProviderException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            //连接服务器
            transport.connect(host,From,password);
            //4、创建邮件,传入session对象
            MimeMessage mimeMessage = complexEmail(session);
            //发送邮件
            transport.sendMessage(mimeMessage,mimeMessage.getAllRecipients());
            //关闭连接
            transport.close();

        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }


    }
public MimeMessage complexEmail(Session session) throws MessagingException {
    //创建一个邮件发送对象
    MimeMessage mimeMessage = new MimeMessage(session);
    //邮件发送人
    mimeMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress(recipient));

    //邮件接收人
    mimeMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(user.getEmail()));

    //邮件标题
    mimeMessage.setSubject("网站注册成功，赠送图片+附件");


    //邮件内容
    //准备图片数据
    MimeBodyPart image = new MimeBodyPart();
    DataHandler handler = new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("C:\\Users\\86183\\Pictures\\Saved Pictures\\25231549-1_e_1.jpg"));//图片地址
    image.setDataHandler(handler);
    image.setContentID("test.png"); //设置图片id

    //准备文本
    MimeBodyPart text = new MimeBodyPart();
    text.setContent("网站注册成功，密码为"+user.getPassword()+"，请妥善保管密码","text/html;charset=UTF-8");

    //附件
    MimeBodyPart appendix = new MimeBodyPart();
    appendix.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("C:\\Users\\86183\\Desktop\\file.txt")));//文件地址
    appendix.setFileName("test.txt");

    //拼装邮件正文
    MimeMultipart mimeMultipart = new MimeMultipart();
    mimeMultipart.addBodyPart(image);
    mimeMultipart.addBodyPart(text);
    mimeMultipart.setSubType("related");//文本和图片内嵌成功

    //将拼装好的正文内容设置为主体
    MimeBodyPart contentText = new MimeBodyPart();
    contentText.setContent(mimeMultipart);

    //拼接附件
    MimeMultipart allFile = new MimeMultipart();
    allFile.addBodyPart(appendix);//附件
    allFile.addBodyPart(contentText);//正文
    allFile.setSubType("mixed"); //正文和附件都存在邮件中，所有类型设置为mixed


    //放到Message消息中
    mimeMessage.setContent(allFile);
    mimeMessage.saveChanges();//保存修改
    return mimeMessage;
    }
}

前端显示页面

结构图

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
<!--    注册servlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>SendOutMail</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.servlet.SendOutMail</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>SendOutMail</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/send.do</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>$Title$</title>
  </head>
  <body>

  <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/send.do" method="post">
    <p>用户名：<input type="text" name="username" required></p>
    <p>密码：<input type="password" name="password" required></p>
    <p>邮箱：<input type="email" name="email" required></p>
    <p><input type="submit" value="提交"></p>
  </form>
  </body>
</html>

msg.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${msg}
</body>
</html>

标签：java,mail,servlet,发送,new,import,com,邮件
From： https://www.cnblogs.com/mo-de/p/16829850.html

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