python3之requests库使用

使用 https://www.cnblogs.com/caroline2016/p/17007956.html 建立的api测试下requests库怎么使用。

模拟登录时laravel api那边出现了  Session store not set on request. 错误。解决办法在app/Http/Kernel.php 中 api 中间件组中添加两行代码：

<?php
protected $middlewareGroups = [
        ...

        'api' => [
            ...
            
            \App\Http\Middleware\EncryptCookies::class,          // <------- 添加的代码
            \Illuminate\Session\Middleware\StartSession::class, // <------ 添加的代码
        ],
    ];

demo

import requests
import concurrent.futures
import requests.adapters
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

url = "http://127.0.0.1:8000"
url_get = "http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/data/getPoem?p=1"
url_post = "http://127.0.0.1:8000/login"

# 设置请求头
headers = {
    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/54.0.2840.99 Safari/537.36",
}
headers_api = {
    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/54.0.2840.99 Safari/537.36",
    "Authorization": "Bearer 69|3eSTphCsfIrv1gOg3fGqNmwouJEpRwxymUc6Bvt3",
}
params = {}
response = requests.get(url_get, headers=headers_api, params=params)
if response.status_code == 200:
    # 查看响应码
    print(response.status_code)  # 200
    # 查看完整url地址
    print(response.url)  # http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/data/getPoem?p=1
    # 查看响应头部字符编码
    print(response.encoding)  # utf-8
    # 查看响应头
    print(response.headers)
    # 查看cookies
    print(response.cookies)
    # 查看响应内容，返回Unicode格式的数据
    print(response.text)
    # 查看响应内容，返回字节流数据
    print(response.content)
    # 查看响应内容，返回JSON响应内容
    print(response.json())
    # 查看响应内容，返回原始响应内容
    print(response.raw)  # <urllib3.response.HTTPResponse object at 0x000001E38C6F00A0>

# 转换编码
response.encoding = "utf-8"

# cookies
cookiejar = response.cookies
cookiedict = requests.utils.dict_from_cookiejar(cookiejar)
print("cookiedict", cookiedict)  # {'laravel_session': 'VS6SDGagCeub2h9c4WYzODpLGBERCJNiz2r78ZE1'}

# 会话管理
data = {"key": "[email protected]", "password": "12345678"}
session = requests.session()
session.headers = {
    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/54.0.2840.99 Safari/537.36",
}
response1 = session.get(url)
response2 = session.post(url_post, data=data)  # 模拟登录
r = session.get(url_get)
if r.status_code == 200:
    print(response2.text)  # {"token":"73|gxwyT2nV6RGLO7EuT6cncXaPryTTgouxyGTsIb7U","code":0,"userinfo":{"name":"bb","email":"[email protected]"}}


# 身份验证
response = requests.post(url_post, auth=HTTPBasicAuth("username", "password"), headers=headers)
if response.status_code == 200:
    print(response.text)

# 代理设置
proxy = {"http": "http://username:password@ip:port"}
proxy = {"http": "http://ip:port"}
response = requests.get(url_get, proxies=proxy)

# SSL验证
response = requests.get("https://www.baidu.com/", verify=True)
print("verify", response)

# 错误处理
try:
    response = requests.get(url_get, timeout=1, headers=headers_api)
    response.raise_for_status()
except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError:
    print("connect error")
except requests.exceptions.Timeout:
    print("time out")
except requests.exceptions.HTTPError as err:
    print("server error:", err)
else:
    print("get data")

# 连接池
session = requests.session()
adapter = requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter(pool_connections=100, pool_maxsize=100)
session.mount("http://", adapter=adapter)
response = session.get(url_get)

# 持久连接
response = session.get(url_get, headers={"Connection": "keep-alive"})


# 并发
def fetch_data(url):
    response = requests.get(url)
    return response.text


urls = ["url1", "url2"]
with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=5) as executor:
    results = executor.map(fetch_data, urls)
for result in results:
    print(result)

# 其它方法
response = requests.put(url, data=data)
response = requests.delete(url)
response = requests.head(url)
response = requests.options(url)