110. 平衡二叉树
题目链接:https://leetcode.cn/problems/balanced-binary-tree/
题目难度:简单
文章讲解:https://programmercarl.com/0110.平衡二叉树.html
视频讲解:https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Ug411S7my
题目状态:通过
思路:
采用递归的方式,遍历每个节点的左右孩子的深度以及其之间的深度差是否超过 1,如果超过 1 的话,就直接返回false
,直到遍历结束。
代码实现:
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
* TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
int isBalancedUtil(TreeNode *root, int &balanced) {
if(root == nullptr) return 0;
int leftHeight = isBalancedUtil(root->left, balanced);
if(balanced == 0) return 0;
int rightHeight = isBalancedUtil(root->right, balanced);
if(balanced == 0) return 0;
if(abs(leftHeight - rightHeight) > 1) balanced = 0;
return max(leftHeight, rightHeight) + 1;
}
bool isBalanced(TreeNode* root) {
int balanced = 1;
isBalancedUtil(root, balanced);
return balanced;
}
};
代码随想录提供了一种更好的代码:
class Solution {
public:
int getHeight(TreeNode *node) {
if(node == nullptr) return 0;
int leftHeight = getHeight(node->left);
if(leftHeight == -1) return -1;
int rightHeight = getHeight(node->right);
if(rightHeight == -1) return -1;
return abs(leftHeight - rightHeight) > 1 ? -1 : (max(leftHeight, rightHeight) + 1);
}
bool isBalanced(TreeNode *root) {
return getHeight(root) == -1 ? false : true;
}
};
257. 二叉树的所有路径
题目链接:https://leetcode.cn/problems/binary-tree-paths/
题目难度:简单
文章讲解:https://programmercarl.com/0257.二叉树的所有路径.html
视频讲解:https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1ZG411G7Dh
题目状态:一点思路也没有
学习思路:
学习回溯,看下图
回溯和递归是不分开的,当每次进行递归的时候将之前保存的路径中的节点pop
出去,这就是回溯。
定义递归函数:
- 传入参数:
a.TreeNode *node
:传入一个节点。
b.vector<int> path
:通过一个path
来记录沿途的路径,便于之后的回溯。
c.vector<string> res
:用来记录最终结果。 - 返回值:没有返回值,递归的结果在
res
中存放。 - 终止条件:当该节点的左孩子和右孩子都为
nullptr
时,递归终止。 - 递归思路:采用前序遍历,先将节点压入
path
中,再判断其左右孩子是否都为nullptr
(此时为递归结束,即该节点为叶子节点),若不为nullptr
,分别将其左右孩子(不为空的那个)进入递归,此时将path
中该节点pop
出来(这个就是回溯)。
代码实现:
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
* TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
void backtracking(TreeNode *node, vector<int> &path, vector<string> &res) {
// 中
path.push_back(node->val);
// 终止条件
if(node->left == nullptr && node->right == nullptr) {
string sPath;
for(int i = 0; i < path.size() - 1; ++i) {
sPath += to_string(path[i]);
sPath += "->";
}
sPath += to_string(path[path.size() - 1]);
res.push_back(sPath);
return;
}
// 左
if(node->left) {
backtracking(node->left, path, res);
path.pop_back();
}
// 右
if(node->right) {
backtracking(node->right, path, res);
path.pop_back();
}
}
vector<string> binaryTreePaths(TreeNode* root) {
vector<string> res;
vector<int> path;
if(root == nullptr) return res;
backtracking(root, path, res);
return res;
}
};
404. 左叶子之和
题目链接:https://leetcode.cn/problems/sum-of-left-leaves/
题目难度:简单
文章讲解:https://programmercarl.com/0404.左叶子之和.html
视频讲解:https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1GY4y1K7z8
题目状态:通过
个人思路:
定义一个int
类型变量leftSum
,用来存储结果使用层序遍历,当遍历到该节点的左孩子时,若其左孩子没有左孩子和右孩子(即该节点的左孩子为叶子节点),将其值加入leftSum
中。
代码实现:
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
* TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
int sumOfLeftLeaves(TreeNode* root) {
queue<TreeNode *> que;
if(root == nullptr) return 0;
int leftSum = 0;
que.push(root);
while(!que.empty()) {
TreeNode *node = que.front();
que.pop();
if(node->left) {
que.push(node->left);
if(node->left->left == nullptr && node->left->right == nullptr) leftSum += node->left->val;
}
if(node->right) que.push(node->right);
}
return leftSum;
}
};
递归思想的代码:
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
* TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
int sumOfLeftLeaves(TreeNode* root) {
if(root == nullptr) return 0;
if(root->left == nullptr && root->right == nullptr) return 0;
int leftValue = sumOfLeftLeaves(root->left);
if(root->left && !root->left->left && !root->left->right) leftValue += root->left->val;
int rightValue = sumOfLeftLeaves(root->right);
// 这里面leftValue代表左孩子的左叶子节点值之和,rightValue代表右孩子的左叶子节点值之和
int sum = leftValue + rightValue;
return sum;
}
};
222. 完全二叉树的节点个数
题目链接:https://leetcode.cn/problems/count-complete-tree-nodes/
题目难度:简单
文章讲解:https://programmercarl.com/0222.完全二叉树的节点个数.html
视频讲解:https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1eW4y1B7pD
题目状态:通过
思路:
层序遍历,加个计数sum
。
代码实现:
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
* TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
int countNodes(TreeNode* root) {
queue<TreeNode *> que;
if(root == nullptr) return 0;
que.push(root);
int sum = 1;
while(!que.empty()) {
TreeNode *node = que.front();
que.pop();
if(node->left) {
que.push(node->left);
sum++;
}
if(node->right) {
que.push(node->right);
sum++;
}
}
return sum;
}
};
标签:node,right,TreeNode,int,nullptr,随想录,二叉树,第十三天,left
From: https://www.cnblogs.com/frontpen/p/18307783