首页 > 编程语言 >ASP.NET Core Blzor 1:创建准备项目

ASP.NET Core Blzor 1:创建准备项目

时间:2024-06-22 17:55:18浏览次数:18  
标签:Core ASP get set Location context Department NET public

  本章将创建贯穿本书这一部分的示例项目。

1 创建项目

dotnet new globaljson --sdk-version 3.1.101 --output MyAdvanced
dotnet new web --no-https --output MyAdvanced --framework netcoreapp3.1
dotnet new sln -o MyAdvanced
dotnet sln MyAdvanced add MyAdvanced

  向项目中添加 NuGet 包

dotnet add package Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design --version 3.1.1
dotnet add package Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer --version 3.1.1

  安装全局工具包

dotnet tool uninstall --global dotnet-ef
dotnet tool install --global dotnet-ef --version 3.1.1

2 添加数据模型

  这个应用程序的数据模型由三个类组成,分别代表人员、工作部门和位置。创建一个 Model 文件夹,并向其中添加一个名为 Person.cs 的类文件。

public class Person
{
    public long PersonId { get; set; }
    public string Firstname { get; set; }
    public string Surname { get; set; }
    public long DepartmentId { get; set; }
    public long LocationId { get; set; }
    
    public Department Department { get; set; }
    public Location Location { get; set; }
}

  将一个名为 Department.cs 的类文件添加到 Models 文件夹中。

public class Department
{
    public long Departmentid { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    
    public IEnumerable<Person> People { get; set; }
}

  在 Models 文件夹中添加一个名为 Location.cs 的类文件。

public class Location
{
    public long LocationId { get; set; }
    public string City { get; set; }
    public string State { get; set; }
    
    public IEnumerable<Person> People { get; set; }
}

  要创建提供对数据库的访问的 EF Core 的上下文类, Models 文件夹添加 DataContext.cs。

public class DataContext : DbContext
{
    public DataContext(DbContextOptions<DataContext> opts)
    : base(opts) { }
    public DbSet<Person> People { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Department> Departments { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Location> Locations { get; set; }
}

2.1 准备种子数据

  将一个名为 SeedData.cs 的类添加到 Models 文件夹中,以定义用于填充数据库的种子数据。

public static class SeedData
{
    public static void SeedDatabase(DataContext context)
    {
        context.Database.Migrate();
        if (context.People.Count() == 0 && context.Departments.Count() == 0 &&
            context.Locations.Count() == 0)
        {

            Department d1 = new Department { Name = "Sales" };
            Department d2 = new Department { Name = "Development" };
            Department d3 = new Department { Name = "Support" };
            Department d4 = new Department { Name = "Facilities" };

            context.Departments.AddRange(d1, d2, d3, d4);
            context.SaveChanges();

            Location l1 = new Location { City = "Oakland", State = "CA" };
            Location l2 = new Location { City = "San Jose", State = "CA" };
            Location l3 = new Location { City = "New York", State = "NY" };
            context.Locations.AddRange(l1, l2, l3);

            context.People.AddRange(
                new Person
                {
                    Firstname = "Francesca",
                    Surname = "Jacobs",
                    Department = d2,
                    Location = l1
                },
                new Person
                {
                    Firstname = "Charles",
                    Surname = "Fuentes",
                    Department = d2,
                    Location = l3
                },
                new Person
                {
                    Firstname = "Bright",
                    Surname = "Becker",
                    Department = d4,
                    Location = l1
                },
                new Person
                {
                    Firstname = "Murphy",
                    Surname = "Lara",
                    Department = d1,
                    Location = l3
                },
                new Person
                {
                    Firstname = "Beasley",
                    Surname = "Hoffman",
                    Department = d4,
                    Location = l3
                },
                new Person
                {
                    Firstname = "Marks",
                    Surname = "Hays",
                    Department = d4,
                    Location = l1
                },
                new Person
                {
                    Firstname = "Underwood",
                    Surname = "Trujillo",
                    Department = d2,
                    Location = l1
                },
                new Person
                {
                    Firstname = "Randall",
                    Surname = "Lloyd",
                    Department = d3,
                    Location = l2
                },
                new Person
                {
                    Firstname = "Guzman",
                    Surname = "Case",
                    Department = d2,
                    Location = l2
                });
            context.SaveChanges();
        }
    }
}

2.2 配置 Entity Framework Core 服务和中间件

  对 Startup 类进行更改,它配置 Entity Framewonk Core 并设置 DataContext 服务,将使用该服务访问数据库。

public class Startup
{
    public Startup(IConfiguration config)
    {
        Configuration = config;
    }
    public IConfiguration Configuration { get; set; }
    public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {
        services.AddDbContext<DataContext>(opts =>
        {
            opts.UseSqlServer(Configuration[
                "ConnectionStrings:PeopleConnection"]);
            opts.EnableSensitiveDataLogging(true);
        });
    }

    public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, DataContext context)
    {
        app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
        app.UseStaticFiles();
        app.UseRouting();

        app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
        {
            endpoints.MapControllerRoute("controllers",
                "controllers/{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
            endpoints.MapDefaultControllerRoute();
            endpoints.MapRazorPages();
        });

        SeedData.SeedDatabase(context);
    }
}

  要定义用于应用程序数据的连接字符串,在 appsetingsjson 文件中添加配置。

{
  "Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Information",
      "Microsoft": "Warning",
      "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information",
      "Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore": "Information"
    }
  },
  "AllowedHosts": "*",
  "ConnectionStrings": {
    "ProductConnection": "Server=.;Database=People;MultipleActiveResultSets=true;User ID=sa;Pwd=Admin123;"
  }
}

2.3 创建和应用迁移

  创建 Entity Framework Core 迁移

dotnet ef migrations add Initial

  创建迁移后,将其应用到数据库。

dotnet ef database update

3 添加引导 CSS 框架

  用引导 CSS 框架为示例应用程序生成的 HTML 元素设置样式要安装引导包。

libman init -p cdnjs
libman install [email protected] -d wwwroot/lib/twitter-bootstrap

  如果使用的是 Visual Studio,可以通过单击项目并从弹出菜单中选择客户端库来安装客户端包。

4 配置服务和中间件

  在这个项目中启用运行时 Razor 视图编译,安装提供运行时编译服务的包。

dotnet add package Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Razor.RuntimeCompilation --version 3.1.1

  同时会使用 MVC 控制器和 Razor Pages 响应请求。Startup 类中配置应用程序使用的服务和中间件。

services.AddControllersWithViews().AddRazorRuntimeCompilation();
services.AddRazorPages().AddRazorRuntimeCompilation();
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, DataContext context)
{
    app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
    app.UseStaticFiles();
    app.UseRouting();
    app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
    {
        endpoints.MapControllerRoute("controllers",
            "controllers/{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
        endpoints.MapDefaultControllerRoute();
        endpoints.MapRazorPages();
    });
    SeedData.SeedDatabase(context);
}

  除了默认的控制器路由之外,还添加了一个匹配以控制器开始的 URL 路径的路由,这将使后续章节中的示例在控制器和 Razor Pages 之间切换时更容易理解。这与在前几章中采用的约定相同,把以 /pages 开头的 URL 路径路由到 Razor 页面。

5 创建控制器和视图

  添加 Controllers 文件夹,并添加 HomeController.cs。

public class HomeController : Controller
{
    private DataContext context;
    public HomeController(DataContext dbContext)
    {
        context = dbContext;
    }
    public IActionResult Index([FromQuery] string selectedCity)
    {
        return View(new PeopleListViewModel
        {
            People = context.People
                .Include(p => p.Department).Include(p => p.Location),
            Cities = context.Locations.Select(l => l.City).Distinct(),
            SelectedCity = selectedCity
        });
    }
}
public class PeopleListViewModel
{
    public IEnumerable<Person> People { get; set; }
    public IEnumerable<string> Cities { get; set; }
    public string SelectedCity { get; set; }
    public string GetClass(string city) =>
        SelectedCity == city ? "bg-info text-white" : "";
}

  为给控制器提供视图,创建 Views/Home 文件夹,并添加一个名为Index.cshtml 的 Razor 视图。

@model PeopleListViewModel

<h4 class="bg-primary text-white text-center p-2">People</h4>

<table class="table table-sm table-bordered table-striped">
    <thead>
        <tr>
            <th>ID</th>
            <th>Name</th>
            <th>Dept</th>
            <th>Location</th>
        </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
        @foreach (Person p in Model.People)
        {
            <tr class="@Model.GetClass(p.Location.City)">
                <td>@p.PersonId</td>
                <td>@p.Surname, @p.Firstname</td>
                <td>@p.Department.Name</td>
                <td>@p.Location.City, @p.Location.State</td>
            </tr>
        }
    </tbody>
</table>

<form asp-action="Index" method="get">
    <div class="form-group">
        <label for="selectedCity">City</label>
        <select name="selectedCity" class="form-control">
            <option disabled selected>Select City</option>
            @foreach (string city in Model.Cities)
            {
                <option selected="@(city == Model.SelectedCity)">
                    @city
                </option>
            }
        </select>
    </div>
    <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Select</button>
</form>

  要启用标签助手并添加视图中默认可用的名称空间,请给 Views 文件夹添加一个名为 _ViewImports.cshtml 的 Razor 视图导入文件。

@addTagHelper *, Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.TagHelpers
@using MyAdvanced.Models
@using MyAdvanced.Controllers

  Views 文件夹添加 _ViewStart.cshtml。

@{
    Layout = "_Layout";
}

  要创建布局,请创建 Views/Shared 文件夹,并向其中添加一个名为 _Layout.cshtml。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>@ViewBag.Title</title>
    <link href="/lib/twitter-bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />
</head>
<body>    
    <div class="m-2">
        @RenderBody()
    </div>
</body>
</html>

6 创建 Razor Pages

  创建 Pages 文件夹,Index.cshtml 的 Razor Pages。

@page "/pages"
@model IndexModel

<h4 class="bg-primary text-white text-center p-2">People</h4>

<table class="table table-sm table-bordered table-striped">
    <thead>
        <tr>
            <th>ID</th>
            <th>Name</th>
            <th>Dept</th>
            <th>Location</th>
        </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
        @foreach (Person p in Model.People)
        {
            <tr class="@Model.GetClass(p.Location.City)">
                <td>@p.PersonId</td>
                <td>@p.Surname, @p.Firstname</td>
                <td>@p.Department.Name</td>
                <td>@p.Location.City, @p.Location.State</td>
            </tr>
        }
    </tbody>
</table>

<form asp-page="Index" method="get">
    <div class="form-group">
        <label for="selectedCity">City</label>
        <select name="selectedCity" class="form-control">
            <option disabled selected>Select City</option>
            @foreach (string city in Model.Cities)
            {
                <option selected="@(city == Model.SelectedCity)">
                    @city
                </option>
            }
        </select>
    </div>
    <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Select</button>
</form>

@functions
{
    public class IndexModel : PageModel
    {
        private DataContext context;

        public IndexModel(DataContext dbContext)
        {
            context = dbContext;
        }
        public IEnumerable<Person> People { get; set; }
        public IEnumerable<string> Cities { get; set; }

        [FromQuery]
        public string SelectedCity { get; set; }

        public void OnGet()
        {
            People = context.People.Include(p => p.Department)
                .Include(p => p.Location);
            Cities = context.Locations.Select(l => l.City).Distinct();
        }

        public string GetClass(string city) =>
            SelectedCity == city ? "bg-info text-white" : "";
    }
}

  要启用标签助手并在 Razor Pages 的 View 部分添加默认可用的名称空间,给 Pages 文件夹添 _Viewlmports.cshtml。

@addTagHelper *, Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.TagHelpers
@using MyAdvanced.Models
@using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.RazorPages
@using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore

  要指定 Razor Pages 的默认布局,给 Pages 文件夹添加 _ViewStart.cshiml。

@{
    Layout = "_Layout";
}

  要创建布局,给 Pagcs 文件夹添加 _Layout.cshtml的 Razor 布局。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>@ViewBag.Title</title>
    <link href="/lib/twitter-bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />
</head>
<body>    
    <div class="m-2">
        <h5 class="bg-secondary text-white text-center p-2">Razor Page</h5>
        @RenderBody()
    </div>
</body>
</html>

7 运行

  使用浏览器请求 http:/localhost:5000/controllershttp:/localhost:5000/pages

标签:Core,ASP,get,set,Location,context,Department,NET,public
From: https://www.cnblogs.com/nullcodeworld/p/18262561

相关文章

  • [翻译].NET 8 的原生AOT及高性能Web开发中的应用[附性能测试结果]
    原文:[ADiveinto.Net8NativeAOTandEfficientWebDevelopment]作者:[sharmilasubbiah]引言随着.NET8的发布,微软迈出了重要一步,为ASP.NETCore引入了原生的Ahead-of-Time(AOT)编译。这一进步不仅提高了应用程序的性能,还简化了开发过程,标志着.NET生态系统进......
  • [翻译].NET 8 的原生AOT及高性能Web开发中的应用[附性能测试结果]
    原文:[ADiveinto.Net8NativeAOTandEfficientWebDevelopment]作者:[sharmilasubbiah]引言随着.NET8的发布,微软迈出了重要一步,为ASP.NETCore引入了原生的Ahead-of-Time(AOT)编译。这一进步不仅提高了应用程序的性能,还简化了开发过程,标志着.NET生态系统进......
  • [翻译].NET 8 的原生AOT及高性能Web开发中的应用[附性能测试结果]
    原文:[ADiveinto.Net8NativeAOTandEfficientWebDevelopment]作者:[sharmilasubbiah]引言随着.NET8的发布,微软迈出了重要一步,为ASP.NETCore引入了原生的Ahead-of-Time(AOT)编译。这一进步不仅提高了应用程序的性能,还简化了开发过程,标志着.NET生态系统进......
  • AUCell和AddModuleScore函数进行基因集评分
    AUCell和AddModuleScore分析是两种主流的用于单细胞RNA测序数据的基因集活性分析的方法。这些基因集可以来自文献、数据库或者根据具体研究问题进行自行定义。AUCell分析原理:1、AUCell分析可以将细胞中的所有基因按表达量进行排序,生成一个基因排名列表,表达量越高的基因排名......
  • .Net开发 ,Java开发 ,python开发 数据库开发,开发相关工具
    开发电脑安装相关工具软件Java开发Java编程、高级编程、面试题资料Python编程,网络编程,爬虫,面试,设计资料数据库mysql,sqlservice,sql优化资料C#语言、.Net开发、.Net高级编程资料......
  • C#.net6.0语言+B/S架构+前后端分离 手术麻醉信息管理系统源码
    C#.net6.0语言+B/S架构+前后端分离手术麻醉信息管理系统源码什么是手术麻醉信息管理系统满足医院等级评级需求满足电子病历评级需求满足科室需求术前1、患者术前评估/诊断2、术前讨论制定手术方案3、手术准备4、术前准备术中1、送手术室2、麻醉前3、手术术后1......
  • Debian12 安装kubernetes
    PrerequisitesMinimalInstalledDebian12/112CPU/vCPU2GBRAM20GBfreediskspaceSudoUserwithAdminrightsStableInternetConnectivityEnsurethateachnodecancommunicatewiththeothersviaareliablenetworkconnection.1.设置hostname和hos......
  • .NET面试题系列(24)值类型总是分配在栈上吗?
    序言不是,比如下面三种情况:1、引用类型内部的变量,即使是值类型,也会随同引用类型的实例一起被分配在堆上。2、对于值类型的数组,由于数组是引用类型,数组内的值类型元素,也被分配在堆上。3、对于闭包,如下:                Action<int>act=a=>        ......
  • 【仿真建模-anylogic】Network代码解析
    Author:赵志乾Date:2024-06-22Declaration:AllRightReserved!!!1.类图2.代码解析//************************核心字段*************************//Network所属的levelprivatetransientLevellevel;//Network的绘制模式privateShapeDrawModedrawMode;//Network......
  • 【仿真建模-anylogic】INetwork相关接口说明
    Author:赵志乾Date:2024-06-22Declaration:AllRightReserved!!!1.类图2.说明    INetwork为辊道网络、路线网路的顶层接口,其组成元素有节点和路径两种,对应的接口为INode、IPath;2.1INetworkMarkupElement核心方法如下://获取标记元素所在的网络INetworkgetNetwo......