javaweb

学习文档：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36188127/article/details/109370717
学习视频：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV12J411M7Sj

网站访问流程：
1.输入一个域名，回车，
2.检查本机的C:\Windows\System32\driveretc\hosts配置文件下有没有这个域名映射
a.有：直接返回对应的ip地址，在这个地址中有需要访问的web程序，可以直接访问
b.没有：去DNS服务器找，找到的话返回，找不到就会返回404

HTTP
http默认端口号80
https默认端口号443

servlet(接口)
maven父工程添加servlet

<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
</dependency>

maven子工程添加核心架包（工程创建后一般会自动生成）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--Maven版本和头文件-->
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<!--这里就是我们刚才配置的GAV-->
<groupId>com.kuang</groupId>
<artifactId>javaweb-01-maven</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<!--Package：项目的打包方式
jar：java应用
war：JavaWeb应用
-->
<packaging>war</packaging>


<!--配置-->
<properties>
<!--项目的默认构建编码-->
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<!--编码版本-->
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>

<!--项目依赖-->
<dependencies>
<!--具体依赖的jar包配置文件-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>

<!--项目构建用的东西-->
<build>
<finalName>javaweb-01-maven</finalName>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</plugin>
<!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>

将web.xml修改为最新的

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0"
metadata-complete="true">

 

</web-app>

Maven 由于他的约定大于配置，我们之后可以能遇到我们写的配置文件，无法被导出或者生效的问题，解决方案：

 在子工程pom.xml末尾中加入

<!--在build中配置resources，来防止我们资源导出失败的问题-->
<build>
    <resources>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>true</filtering>
        </resource>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/java</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>true</filtering>
        </resource>
    </resources>
</build>