实验任务1
task1.cpp
1 // 标准库string,vector,array基础用法
2
3 #include <iostream>
4 #include <string>
5 #include <vector>
6 #include <array>
7
8 //函数模板
9 //对满足特定条件的序列类型T对象，使用范围for输出
10 template<typename T>
11 void output1(const T &obj){
12 for(auto i: obj)
13 std::cout << i << ", ";
14 std::cout << "\b\b \n";
15 }
16
17 //函数模板
18 //对满足特定条件的序列类型T对象，使用迭代器输出
19 template<typename T>
20 void output2(const T &obj){
21 for(auto p = obj.begin(); p != obj.end(); ++p)
22 std::cout << *p << ", ";
23 std::cout << "\b\b \n";
24 }
25
26 // array模板类基础用法
27 void test_array() {
28 using namespace std;
29
30 array<int, 5> x1; // 创建一个array对象，包含5个int元素，未初始化
31 cout << "x1.size() = " << x1.size() << endl; // 输出元素个数
32 x1.fill(42); // 把x1的所有元素都用42填充
33 x1.at(0) = 999; // 把下标为0的元素值修改为999
34 x1[4] = -999; // 把下表为4的元素值修改为-999
35 cout << "x1: ";
36 output1(x1); // 调用模板函数output1输出x1
37 cout << "x1: ";
38 output2(x1); // 调用模板函数output1输出x1
39
40 array<int, 5> x2(x1);
41 cout << boolalpha << (x1 == x2) << endl;
42 x2.fill(22);
43 cout << "x2: ";
44 output1(x2);
45 swap(x1, x2); // 交换array对象x1, x2
46 cout << "x1: ";
47 output1(x1);
48 cout << "x2: ";
49 output1(x2);
50 }
51
52 //vector模板类基础用法
53 void test_vector(){
54 using namespace std;
55
56 vector<int> v1;
57 cout << v1.size() << endl; // 输出目前元素个数
58 cout << v1.max_size() << endl; // 输出元素个数之最大可能个数
59 v1.push_back(55); // 在v1末尾插入元素
60 cout << "v1: ";
61 output1(v1);
62
63 vector<int> v2 {1, 0, 5, 2};
64 v2.pop_back(); // 从v2末尾弹出一个元素
65 v2.erase(v2.begin()); // 删除v2.begin()位置的数据项
66 v2.insert(v2.begin(), 999); // 在v1.begin()之前的位置插入
67 v2.insert(v2.end(), -999); // 在v1.end()之前的位置插入
68 cout << v2.size() << endl;
69 cout << "v2: ";
70 output2(v2);
71
72 vector<int> v3(5, 42); //创建vector对象，包含5个元素，每个元素值都是42
73 cout << "v3: ";
74 output1(v3);
75
76 vector<int> v4(v3.begin(), v3.end()-2); // 创建vector对象，以v3对象的[v3.begin(), v3.end()-2)区间作为元素值
77 cout << "v4: ";
78 output1(v4);
79 }
80
81 // string类基础用法
82 void test_string() {
83 using namespace std;
84
85 string s1{"oop"};
86 cout << s1.size() << endl;
87 for(auto &i: s1)
88 i -= 32;
89 s1 += "2023";
90 s1.append(", hello");
91 cout << s1 << endl;
92 }
93
94 int main(){
95 using namespace std;
96
97 cout << "===========测试1: array模板类基础用法===========" << endl;
98 test_array();
99
100 cout << "\n===========测试2: vector模板类基础用法===========" << endl;
101 test_vector();
102
103 cout << "\n===========测试1: string类基础用法===========" << endl;
104 test_string();
105 }
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实验任务2
task2.cpp
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <complex>
3
4 // 测试标准库提供的复数类模板complex
5 void test_std_complex() {
6 using namespace std;
7 complex<double> c1{3, 4}, c2{4.5};
8 const complex<double> c3{c2};
9
10 cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
11 cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
12 cout << "c3 = " << c3 << endl;
13 cout << "c3.real = " << c3.real() << ", " << "c3.imag = " << c3.imag()<< endl;
14
15 cout << "c1 + c2 = " << c1 + c2 << endl;
16 cout << "c1 - c2 = " << c1 - c2 << endl;
17 cout << "abs(c1) = " << abs(c1) << endl; // abs()是标准库数学函数，对复数取模
18
19 cout << boolalpha; // 设置bool型值以true/false方式输出
20 cout << "c1 == c2: " << (c1 == c2) << endl;
21 cout << "c3 == c2: " << (c3 == c2) << endl;
22
23 complex<double> c4 = 2;
24 cout << "c4 = " << c4 << endl;
25 c4 += c1;
26 cout << "c4 = " << c4 << endl;
27
28 }
29
30
31 int main(){
32 test_std_complex();
33 }
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实验任务3
task3.cpp
1 // 一个简单的类T：定义、使用
2
3 #include <iostream>
4 #include <string>
5
6 using namespace std;
7
8 // 类T的声明
9 class T {
10 public:
11 T(int x = 0, int y = 0); // 带有默认形值的构造函数
12 T(const T &t); // 复制构造函数
13 T(T &&t); // 移动构造函数
14 ~T(); // 析构函数
15
16 void set_m1(int x); // 设置T类对象的数据成员m1
17 int get_m1() const; // 获取T类对象的数据成员m1
18 int get_m2() const; // 获取T类对象的数据成员m2
19 void display() const; // 显示T类对象的信息
20
21 friend void func(); // 声明func()为T类友元函数
22
23 private:
24 int m1, m2;
25
26 public:
27 static void disply_count(); // 类方法，显示当前T类对象数目
28
29 public:
30 static const string doc; // 类属性，用于描述T类
31 static const int max_count; // 类属性，用于描述T类对象的上限
32
33 private:
34 static int count; // 类属性，用于描述当前T类对象数目
35 };
36
37 // 类的static数据成员：类外初始化
38 const string T::doc{"a simple class"};
39 const int T::max_count = 99;
40 int T::count = 0;
41
42 // 类T的实现
43 T::T(int x, int y): m1{x}, m2{y} {
44 ++count;
45 cout << "constructor called.\n";
46 }
47
48 T::T(const T &t): m1{t.m1}, m2{t.m2} {
49 ++count;
50 cout << "copy constructor called.\n";
51 }
52
53 T::T(T &&t): m1{t.m1}, m2{t.m2} {
54 ++count;
55 cout << "move constructor called.\n";
56 }
57
58 T::~T() {
59 --count;
60 cout << "destructor called.\n";
61 }
62
63 void T::set_m1(int x) {
64 m1 = x;
65 }
66
67 int T::get_m1() const {
68 return m1;
69 }
70
71 int T::get_m2() const {
72 return m2;
73 }
74
75 void T::display() const {
76 cout << m1 << ", " << m2 << endl;
77 }
78
79 // 类方法
80 void T::disply_count() {
81 cout << "T objects: " << count << endl;
82 }
83
84 // 友元函数func()：实现
85 void func() {
86 T t1;
87 t1.set_m1(55);
88 t1.m2 = 77; // 虽然m2是私有成员，依然可以直接访问
89 t1.display();
90 }
91
92 // 测试
93 void test() {
94 cout << "T class info: " << T::doc << endl;
95 cout << "T objects max_count: " << T::max_count << endl;
96 T::disply_count();
97
98 T t1;
99 t1.display();
100 t1.set_m1(42);
101
102 T t2{t1};
103 t2.display();
104
105 T t3{std::move(t1)};
106 t3.display();
107 t1.display();
108
109 T::disply_count();
110 }
111
112 // 主函数
113 int main() {
114 cout << "============测试类T============" << endl;
115 test();
116 cout << endl;
117 cout << "============测试友元函数func()============" << endl;
118 func();
119 }
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实验任务4
task4.cpp
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <string>
3 #include <iomanip>
4
5 using namespace std;
6
7 // 矩形类Rect的定义
8 // 待补足
9 // ×××
10 // 普通函数：输出矩形信息
11 class Rect{
12 public:
13 static const string doc;
14
15 private:
16 static int size;
17
18 public:
19 static int size_info();
20
21 private:
22 double length, width;
23
24 public:
25 Rect(double length = 2.0, double width =1.0);
26 Rect(const Rect &r);
27 ~Rect();
28
29 double len() const;
30 double wide() const;
31 double area() const;
32 double circumference() const;
33 void resize(int times) ;
34 void resize(int l_times, int w_times) ;
35 };
36
37 const string Rect::doc {"a simple Rect class"};
38 int Rect::size = 0;
39
40 Rect::Rect(double length, double width): length{length}, width{width} {
41 ++size;
42 }
43
44 Rect::Rect(const Rect &r): length{r.length}, width{r.width} {
45 ++size;
46 }
47
48 Rect::~Rect() {
49 --size;
50 }
51
52 double Rect::len() const {
53 return length;
54 }
55
56 double Rect::wide() const {
57 return width;
58 }
59
60 double Rect::area() const {
61 return length * width;
62 }
63
64 double Rect::circumference() const {
65 return 2*(length + width);
66 }
67
68 void Rect::resize(int times) {
69 length = length * times;
70 width = width * times;
71 }
72
73 void Rect::resize(int l_times, int w_times) {
74 length = length * l_times;
75 width = width * w_times;
76 }
77
78 int Rect::size_info() {
79 return size;
80 }
81
82 void output(const Rect &r) {
83 cout << "矩形信息: " << endl;
84 cout << fixed << setprecision(2); // 控制输出格式：以浮点数形式输出，小数部分保留两位
85 // 补足代码：分行输出矩形长、宽、面积、周长
86 // ×××
87 cout << "长： " << r.len() << endl;
88 cout << "宽： " << r.wide() << endl;
89 cout << "面积： " << r.area() << endl;
90 cout << "周长： " << r.circumference() <<endl;
91 }
92 // 测试代码
93 void test() {
94 cout << "矩形类信息: " << Rect::doc << endl;
95 cout << "当前矩形对象数目: " << Rect::size_info() << endl;
96 Rect r1;
97 output(r1);
98
99 Rect r2(4, 3);
100 output(r2);
101
102 Rect r3(r2);
103 r3.resize(2);
104 output(r3);
105 r3.resize(5, 2);
106 output(r3);
107 cout << "当前矩形对象数目: " << Rect::size_info() << endl;
108 }
109 // 主函数
110 int main() {
111 test();
112 cout << "当前矩形对象数目: " << Rect::size_info() << endl;
113 }
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实验任务5
task5.cpp
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <cmath>
3
4 using namespace std;
5 // 复数类Complex：定义
6 // 待补足
7 // ×××
8 class Complex{
9 private:
10 double real, imag;
11 public:
12 Complex(double real = 0, double imag = 0);
13 Complex(const Complex &c);
14 ~Complex();
15
16 double get_real() const;
17 double get_imag() const;
18 void show() const;
19 void add(const Complex &c);
20
21 friend Complex add(const Complex &c1, const Complex &c2);
22 friend bool is_equal(const Complex &c1, const Complex &c2);
23 friend double abs(const Complex &c);
24 };
25
26 Complex::Complex(double real, double imag): real{real}, imag{imag} {
27 }
28
29 Complex::Complex(const Complex &c): real{c.real}, imag{c.imag} {
30 }
31
32 Complex::~Complex() {
33 }
34
35 double Complex::get_real() const {
36 return real;
37 }
38
39 double Complex::get_imag() const {
40 return imag;
41 }
42
43 void Complex::show() const {
44 if(imag > 0)
45 cout << real << "+" << imag << "i" << endl;
46 if(imag < 0)
47 cout << real << imag << "i" << endl;
48 if(imag == 0)
49 cout << real << endl;
50 }
51
52 void Complex::add(const Complex &c) {
53 real += c.real;
54 imag += c.imag;
55 }
56
57 Complex add(const Complex &c1, const Complex &c2) {
58 Complex c;
59 c.real = c1.real + c2.real;
60 c.imag = c1.imag + c2.imag;
61 return c;
62 }
63
64 bool is_equal(const Complex &c1, const Complex &c2) {
65 if(c1.real == c2.real && c1.imag == c2.imag)
66 return true;
67 else
68 return false;
69 }
70
71 double abs(const Complex &c) {
72 return sqrt(c.real * c.real + c.imag * c.imag);
73 }
74 // 复数类Complex: 测试
75 void test() {
76 using namespace std;
77
78 Complex c1(3, -4);
79 const Complex c2(4.5);
80 Complex c3(c1);
81
82 cout << "c1 = ";
83 c1.show();
84 cout << endl;
85
86 cout << "c2 = ";
87 c2.show();
88 cout << endl;
89 cout << "c2.imag = " << c2.get_imag() << endl;
90
91 cout << "c3 = ";
92 c3.show();
93 cout << endl;
94
95 cout << "abs(c1) = ";
96 cout << abs(c1) << endl;
97
98 cout << boolalpha;
99 cout << "c1 == c3 : " << is_equal(c1, c3) << endl;
100 cout << "c1 == c2 : " << is_equal(c1, c2) << endl;
101
102 Complex c4;
103 c4 = add(c1, c2);
104 cout << "c4 = c1 + c2 = ";
105 c4.show();
106 cout << endl;
107
108 c1.add(c2);
109 cout << "c1 += c2, " << "c1 = ";
110 c1.show();
111 cout << endl;
112 }
113
114 int main() {
115 test();
116 }
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标签：const,对象,double,void,编程,int,Complex,实验,Rect From： https://www.cnblogs.com/rssn/p/17761770.html