C#串口开发

C#串口开发主要使用的是System.IO.Ports.SerialPort类，其中详细成员介绍可参考MSDN文档。

由于本机没有串口，需要使用VSPD虚拟串口工具创建2个虚拟串口，如下图中的COM1、COM2

使用winform创建如下界面，发送端COM1发送数据，接收端COM2接收数据，发送端和接收端的波特率、数据位、校验位、停止位必须一致

    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        private SerialPort spCOM1;
        private SerialPort spCOM2;

        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();


            var portNames = SerialPort.GetPortNames();      //获取本机可使用的COM端口
            cmbCOM1.DataSource = portNames;
            cmbCOM2.DataSource = portNames;
            cmbBaudRate.DataSource = new int[] { 9600, 115200 };//波特率，默认9600
            cmbDataBits.DataSource = new int[] { 6, 7, 8 };     //数据位
            cmbParity.DataSource = new string[] { "None" };     //校验位
            cmbStopBits.DataSource = new int[] { 1, 2, 3 };     //停止位

            cmbCOM1.SelectedIndex = 0;
            cmbCOM2.SelectedIndex = 1;
            cmbBaudRate.SelectedIndex = 0;
            cmbDataBits.SelectedIndex = 2;
            cmbParity.SelectedIndex = 0;
            cmbStopBits.SelectedIndex = 0;

            spCOM1 = new SerialPort();
            spCOM2 = new SerialPort();

            spCOM2.ReadTimeout = 1000;
            spCOM2.DataReceived += SerialPort_DataReceived;
        }

        private void Form1_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
        {
            if (spCOM1.IsOpen || spCOM2.IsOpen)
            {
                spCOM1.Close();
                spCOM2.Close();
            }
        }

        private void btnConnect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (spCOM1.IsOpen || spCOM2.IsOpen)
            {
                spCOM1.Close();
                spCOM2.Close();
                btnConnect.Text = "连接";
            }
            else
            {
                spCOM1.PortName = Convert.ToString(cmbCOM1.SelectedValue);
                spCOM1.BaudRate = Convert.ToInt32(cmbBaudRate.SelectedValue);
                spCOM1.DataBits = Convert.ToInt32(cmbDataBits.SelectedValue);
                spCOM1.StopBits = (StopBits)Convert.ToInt32(cmbStopBits.SelectedValue);
                spCOM1.Parity = (Parity)Enum.Parse(typeof(Parity), Convert.ToString(cmbParity.SelectedValue));
                spCOM1.Open();

                spCOM2.PortName = Convert.ToString(cmbCOM2.SelectedValue);
                spCOM2.BaudRate = Convert.ToInt32(cmbBaudRate.SelectedValue);
                spCOM2.DataBits = Convert.ToInt32(cmbDataBits.SelectedValue);
                spCOM2.StopBits = (StopBits)Convert.ToInt32(cmbStopBits.SelectedValue);
                spCOM2.Parity = (Parity)Enum.Parse(typeof(Parity), Convert.ToString(cmbParity.SelectedValue));
                spCOM2.Open();

                btnConnect.Text = "断开";
            }
        }

        private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(txtSend.Text);
            spCOM1.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
            txtSend.Text = "";
        }

        private void SerialPort_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (spCOM2.BytesToRead > 0)
            {
                byte[] buffer = new byte[spCOM2.BytesToRead];
                spCOM2.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
                string value = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer);

                this.Invoke(() =>
                {
                    txtReceive.Text += value + "\r\n";
                });
            }
        }

    }