标签：java GUI 编程 add frame import new public

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GUI编程

告诉大家该怎么学？

这是什么
它怎么玩？
该如何去在我们平时运用？
class --可阅读

组件

窗口
弹窗
面板
文本框
列表框
按钮
图片
监听事件
鼠标
键盘时间
破解工具

1、简介

Gui的核心技术： Swing AWT

因为界面不美观
需要jre环境

为什么我们还要学习？

可以写出自己心中想要的一些小工具
工作时候，也可能需要维护到swing界面，概率极小
理解MVC 架构，了解监听！

2、AWT

2.1、Awt 介绍

包含了很多类和接口 GUI
元素：窗口，按钮，文本框
java.awt (jre\lib\rt.jar\awt)

微信截图_20230809162409

2.2 组件和容器

2.1、Frame

package com.jing.lesson01;


import java.awt.*;

//GUI第一个界面
public class TestFrame {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //Frame  JDK   源码
        Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个图形界面");

        //需要设置可见性
        frame.setVisible(true);

        //设置窗口大小
        frame.setSize(400,400);

        //设置背景颜色  Color
        frame.setBackground(new Color(71, 141, 36));

        //弹出的初始位置
        frame.setLocation(200,200);

        //设置大小固定
        frame.setResizable(false);

    }

}

微信截图_20230809165205

问题：发现无法关闭，停止java程序

尝试封装

package com.jing.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
      //展示多个窗口 new
        new MyFrame(100,100,200,200,Color.red);
        new MyFrame(300,100,200,200,Color.yellow);
        new MyFrame(100,300,200,200,Color.pink);
        new MyFrame(300,300,200,200,Color.magenta);



    }

}

class  MyFrame extends Frame{
    static int  id = 0; //可能存在多个窗口，需要一个计数器

    public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h,Color color){
        super("Myframe+"+(++id));
        setBackground(color);
        setBounds(x,y,w,h);
        setVisible(true);
    }

}

微信截图_20230809170819

idea配置优化

2.2、面板Panel

解决了程序无法关闭

package com.jing.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

//Panel可以看成
public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Panel panel = new Panel();

        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);

        //坐标
        frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(59, 152, 45));

        //panel坐标
        panel.setBounds(40,40,400,400);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(189, 31, 189, 255));

        //frame.add(panel)
        frame.add(panel);

        frame.setVisible(true);

        //监听事件，监听窗口关闭事件  system.exit(0)
        //适配器模式：
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {

            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                //结束程序
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });

    }

}

微信截图_20230809174239

2.3、布局

流式布局

package com.jing.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFlowLayOut {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        //组件-按钮
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");

        //设置为流式布局
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));

        frame.setSize(200,200);

        //把按钮添加上去
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);

        frame.setVisible(true);

    }
}

微信截图_20230810104337

东西南北中

package com.jing.lesson01;

import com.sun.xml.internal.fastinfoset.algorithm.BuiltInEncodingAlgorithmState;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestBorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");

        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button west = new Button("West");
        Button south = new Button("South");
        Button north = new Button("North");
        Button center = new Button("Center");

        frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.setSize(200,200);
        frame.setVisible(true);

    }

}

微信截图_20230810103727

表格布局

package com.jing.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestGridlayout {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");

        Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
        Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
        Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
        Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
        Button btn5 = new Button("btn5"); 
        Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");

        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));

        frame.add(btn1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.add(btn3);
        frame.add(btn4);
        frame.add(btn5);
        frame.add(btn6);

        frame.pack();   //java函数
        frame.setVisible(true);

    }
}

微信截图_20230810103815

作业：

微信截图_20230810104207

思路：

微信截图_20230810110120

package com.jing.lesson01;

import javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicInternalFrameTitlePane;
import java.awt.*;

public class ExDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //总的frame
        Frame frame = new Frame("练习作业");
        frame.setLocation(400,300);
        frame.setSize(300,400);
        frame.setBackground(Color.BLACK);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));

        //4个面板
        Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));

        //上面
        p1.add(new Button("East-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p1.add(new Button("West-1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-1"));
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-2"));
        p1.add(p2,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        //下面
        p3.add(new Button("East-2"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p3.add(new Button("West-2"),BorderLayout.WEST);

        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            p4.add(new Button("for-"+i));
        }

        p3.add(p4,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        //把面板放到控件中
        frame.add(p1);
        frame.add(p3);
      //监听关闭
      frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

微信截图_20230810113151

总结：

Frame是一个顶级窗口
Panel无法单独显示，必须添加到某个容器
布局管理器
1. 流式
2. 东西南北中
3. 表格
大小，定位，背景颜色，可见性，监听

2.4、事件监听

事件监听：当某个事件发生的时候，干什么？

package com.jing.lesson02;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //按下按钮，触发一些事件
        Frame frame = new Frame("监听事件");
        Button button = new Button("btn");

        //因为，addActionListener需要一个ActionListener，我们需要构造一个ActionListener
        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        button.addActionListener(myActionListener);
        //文本框

        frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
        windowsClose(frame);
    }

    //关闭窗体事件
    private static void windowsClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
//事件监听
class   MyActionListener  implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("aaa");
    }
}

多个按钮，共享一个事件

package com.jing.lesson02;

import sun.security.x509.FreshestCRLExtension;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestActionEventwo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //两个按钮，实现同一个监听
        //开始  停止
        Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
        Button button1 = new Button("start");
        Button button2 = new Button("stop");
        //可以显示的定义触发会返回的命令，如果不显示定义，则会走默认的值！
        //可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
        button2.setActionCommand("button2-stop");

        MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();

        button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
        button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);

        frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);

    }
}

class   MyMonitor  implements ActionListener {
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("按钮被点击了：msg==>"+e.getActionCommand());

    }
}

2.5、输入框TextField 监听

package com.jing.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestText01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //启动
        new  MyFrame();
    }
}

class   MyFrame extends Frame{
    public MyFrame(){
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        add(textField);

        //监听这个文本框输入的文字
        MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
        //按下enter 就会触发这个输入框的事件
        textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);

        //设置替换编码
        textField.setEchoChar('*');
      
        setVisible(true);
        pack();
    }
}

class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener {
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        TextField field =(TextField) e.getSource();  //获取一些资源,返回一个对象
        System.out.println(field.getText());//获得输入框的文本
        field.setText("");  //null   ""回车设置为空值
    }
}

2.6 简易计算器，组合+内部类回顾复习

oop原则：组合大于继承

package com.jing.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new  Calculator();

    }
}

// 计算器类
class  Calculator extends Frame{
    public Calculator()  {
        //3个文本框
        TextField num1 = new TextField(10);
        TextField num2 = new TextField(10);
        TextField num3 = new TextField(20);

        //1个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListtener(num1,num2,num3));

        //1个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");

        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());

        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

//监听器类
class  MyCalculatorListtener implements ActionListener {

    //获取三个变量
    private TextField num1,num2,num3;
    public MyCalculatorListtener(TextField num1,TextField num2,TextField num3) {
        this.num1 = num1;
        this.num2 = num2;
        this.num3 = num3;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1.获取加数和被加数
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());

        //2.将这个值+法运算后，放到第三个框
        num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));

        //3.清楚前2个框
        num1.setText("");
        num2.setText("");
    }
}

完全改造为面向对象

package com.jing.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new  Calculator().loadFrame();
    }
}

// 计算器类
class  Calculator extends Frame{

    //属性
    TextField num1,num2,num3;

    //方法
    public void loadFrame()  {
        //3个文本框
         num1 = new TextField(10);
         num2 = new TextField(10);
         num3 = new TextField(20);
        //1个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");
        //1个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        //监听器
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListtener(this));

        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

//监听器类
class  MyCalculatorListtener implements ActionListener {

    //获取计算器这个对象，在一个类中组合另外一个类
    Calculator  calculator = null;
    public MyCalculatorListtener(Calculator calculator) {
        this.calculator =calculator;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1.获取加数和被加数
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());

        //2.将这个值+法运算后，放到第三个框
        calculator.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));

        //3.清楚前2个框
        calculator.num1.setText("");
        calculator.num2.setText("");
    }
}

内部类，更好的包装

package com.jing.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new  Calculator().loadFrame();
    }
}

// 计算器类
class  Calculator extends Frame{
    //属性
    TextField num1,num2,num3;
    //方法
    public void loadFrame()  {
        //3个文本框
         num1 = new TextField(10);
         num2 = new TextField(10);
         num3 = new TextField(20);
        //1个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");
        //1个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        //监听器
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener());

        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }

private  class  MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener {

        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            //1.获取加数和被加数
            int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
            int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());

            //2.将这个值+法运算后，放到第三个框
            num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));

            //3.清楚前2个框
            num1.setText("");
            num2.setText("");
        }
    }
}

2.7 画笔

package com.jing.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestPaint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyPaint().loadFrame();
    }
}

class MyPaint  extends Frame{

    public void loadFrame(){
        setBounds(100,100,600,600);
        setVisible(true);
    }

    //画笔
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画笔，需要有颜色，画笔可以画画
        g.setColor(Color.magenta);
        g.drawOval(100,100,100,200);
        g.fillOval(100,100,100,100);

        g.setColor(Color.green);
        g.fillRect(150,200,200,200);

        //养成习惯，画笔用完，将还原为最初的颜色
    }
}

2.8 鼠标监听

package com.jing.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;

//鼠标监听事件
public class TestMouseListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame("画图");
    }
}

//自己的类
class  MyFrame  extends Frame{
    //画画需要画笔，需要监听鼠标当前的位置，需要集火来存储这个点
    ArrayList points;


    public MyFrame(String title){
        super(title);
        setBounds(200,200,400,300);
        //存鼠标点击的点
        points = new ArrayList<>();
        
        setVisible(true);
        //监听当前窗口
        this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
    }

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画画，监听鼠标的事件

        Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()){
            Point paint = (Point) iterator.next();
            g.setColor(Color.green);
            g.fillOval(paint.x,paint.y,10,10);
        }
    }

    //添加一个点到界面上
    public void addPaint(Point point){

        points.add(point);
    }

    private class MyMouseListener  extends MouseAdapter{
        //鼠标  按下，弹起 ，按住不放

        @Override
        public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
            MyFrame myframe = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
            //这个我们点击的时候，就会在界面上产生一个点！ 画
            //这个点就是鼠标的点
            myframe.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));

            //每次点击鼠标都要重新画一次
            myframe.repaint();//刷新
        }
    }
}

2.9 窗口监听

package com.jing.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestWindows {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }
}

class WindowFrame extends Frame {


    public WindowFrame() {
        setBackground(Color.blue);
        setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);
        setVisible(true);
        addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());
//        this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
//            @Override//匿名内部类
//            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//                System.out.println("你点击的x");
//            }
//        });

    }


    class MyWindowListener extends WindowAdapter {

        @Override
        public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
            setVisible(false); //隐藏窗口，通过按钮，隐藏当前窗口
            System.exit(0);  //正常退出
        }
    }
}

内部类版

package com.jing.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestWindows {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }
}

class WindowFrame extends Frame {
    public WindowFrame() {
        setBackground(Color.blue);
        setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);
        setVisible(true);
       // addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());
        this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override//匿名内部类
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.out.println("你点击的x");
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

2.10 键盘监听

package com.jing.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

public class TestKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new KeyFrame();
    }
}

class KeyFrame  extends Frame{
    public KeyFrame()  {
    super();
    setBounds(1,2,300,400);
    setVisible(true);

    this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
        //键盘按下
        @Override
        public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
            int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
            System.out.println(keyCode);//不需要去记录这个数值，直接使用静态属性VK_XXX
            if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
                System.out.println("你按下了上键");
            }
        }
    });

    }
}

3、Swing

3.1 窗口、面板

标签居中

package com.jing.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo {
    //init()  初始化
    public void init(){
        //顶级窗口
        JFrame jf = new JFrame("z这是一个JFrame窗口");
        jf.setVisible(true);
        jf.setBounds(100,100,200,300);
        jf.setBackground(Color.pink);

        //设置文字JLable
        JLabel label = new JLabel("欢迎光临");

        jf.add(label);

        //让文本标签居中
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        //容器实例化
        Container contentPane = jf.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setBackground(Color.pink);

        //关闭事件
        jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //建立一个窗口
        new   JFrameDemo().init();

    }
}

3.2 弹窗

package com.jing.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {


    public DialogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(700,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //JFrame  放东西，需要容器
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(null);

        //按钮
        JButton button = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");//创建弹窗
        button.setBounds(30,30,200,50);

        //点击这个按钮的时候，弹出一个弹窗，监听事件
        button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //弹窗
                new MyDialogDemo();

            }
        });
        //添加按钮
        container.add(button);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new  DialogDemo();
    }
}

//弹窗的窗口
class  MyDialogDemo extends JDialog{
    public MyDialogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(null);
        
        container.add(new Label("带你学java"));
    }
}

3.3 标签

图标

package com.jing.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

//图标，需要实现类，Frame继承
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
    private int width;
    private int height;

    public IconDemo(int width, int height)  {
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
    }

    public void init(){
        IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
        //图标放在标签，也可以放在按钮上
        JLabel label = new JLabel("icontest", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new IconDemo(15,15).init();
    }

    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
        g.fillOval(x,y,width,height);
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return this.width;
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return this.height;
    }
}

图片

package com.jing.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {

    public ImageIconDemo() {
        //获取图片的地址
        JLabel label = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
        URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("tx.jpg");

        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
        label.setIcon(imageIcon);
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);

        setVisible(true);

        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        setBounds(100,100,300,400);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ImageIconDemo();
    }
}

3.4 面板

JPanel

package com.jing.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
    public JPanelDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));//后面的参数是间距

        JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
        JPanel panel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2));
        JPanel panel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        JPanel panel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3,2));

        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));

        container.add(panel1);
        container.add(panel2);
        container.add(panel3);
        container.add(panel4);
        
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JPanelDemo();
    }
    
}

JScroll 滚动条

package com.jing.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
        textArea.setText("欢迎来到Java世界");

        container.add(textArea);

        //Scroll面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        container.add(scrollPane);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,300,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);


    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new  JScrollDemo();
    }
}

3.5 按钮

图片按钮

package com.jing.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo01()  {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将一个图片编程图标
        URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("tx.jpg");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        //把这个图标放到按钮上
        JButton button = new JButton();
        button.setIcon(icon);
        button.setToolTipText("图片按钮");

        //add
        container.add(button);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo01();
    }
}

单选按钮

package com.jing.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo02()  {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将一个图片编程图标
        URL resource = JButtonDemo02.class.getResource("tx.jpg");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        //单选框
        JRadioButton radioButton1 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton01");
        JRadioButton radioButton2 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton02");
        JRadioButton radioButton3 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton03");

        //由于单选框只能选择一个，分组，一个组里只能选择一个
        ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
        group.add(radioButton1);
        group.add(radioButton2);
        group.add(radioButton3);

        container.add(radioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(radioButton2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(radioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo02();
    }
}

复选按钮

package com.jing.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo03()  {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变成图标
        URL resource = JButtonDemo03.class.getResource("tx.jpg");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        //多选框
        JCheckBox checkBox01 = new JCheckBox("checkBox01");
        JCheckBox checkBox02 = new JCheckBox("checkBox02");

        container.add(checkBox01,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(checkBox02,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo03();
    }
}

下拉框

package com.jing.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestComboDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboDemo01()  {

        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JComboBox status = new JComboBox();
        
        status.addItem(null);
        status.addItem("正在热映");
        status.addItem("已下架");
        status.addItem("即将上映");
        
        container.add(status);
        
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new  TestComboDemo01();
    }
}

3.6 列表框

package com.jing.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestComboDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboDemo02()  {

        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //生成列表的内容
        String[]  contents = {"1","2","3"};
        //列表中需要放入内容
        JList jList = new JList(contents);

        container.add(jList);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboDemo02();
    }
}

应用场景

选择地区，或者一些单个选项

列表展示信息，一般是动态扩容

3.7 文本框

文本框

package com.jing.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo01()  {

        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //文本框
        JTextField textField = new JTextField("hello");
        JTextField textField2 = new JTextField("world");

        container.add(textField,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(textField2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new TestTextDemo01();
    }
}

密码框

package com.jing.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo02()  {

        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //密码框
        JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField();
        passwordField.setEchoChar('*');

        container.add(passwordField);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new TestTextDemo02();
    }
}

文本域

package com.jing.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
        textArea.setText("欢迎来到Java世界");

        container.add(textArea);

        //Scroll面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        container.add(scrollPane);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,300,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);


    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new  JScrollDemo();
    }
}

HTML + Servlet

MVC

C/S B/S

贪吃蛇

帧，如果时间片足够小，就是动画，一秒30帧，60帧，连接起来就是动画，拆开就是静态图片，

键盘监听

定时器Timer

定义数据
画上去
监听事件

键盘，事件

startgame

package com.jing.snake;

import javax.swing.*;

public class StartGame {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame();

        frame.setBounds(10,10,900,720);
        frame.setResizable(false);
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //正常游戏界面都应该在面板上
        frame.add(new GamePanel());

        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

GamePanel

package com.jing.snake;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Random;

//游戏面板
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener, ActionListener {

    //定义蛇的数据结构
    int  length;  //蛇的长度
    int[] snakeX = new  int[600]; //蛇的x坐标25*25
    int[] snakeY = new int[500]; //蛇的y坐标25*25
    String fx;
    //食物的坐标
    int  foodx ;
    int  foody;
    Random  random = new Random();
    int  score ;//成绩

    //游戏当前的状态，开始，停止
    boolean  isStart = false;   //默认是不开始
    boolean  isfail = false;    //游戏失败状态


    //定时器
    Timer timer =  new Timer(100,this);  //100毫秒执行一次


    //构造器
    public GamePanel() {
        init();
        //获得焦点和键盘事件
        this.setFocusable(true);  //获取焦点
        this.addKeyListener(this);  //获取键盘监听事件
        timer.start();  //游戏一开始就启动
    }

    //初始化方法
    public  void  init(){
        length = 3;
        snakeX[0] = 100; snakeY[0] = 100; //脑袋的坐标
        snakeX[1] = 75; snakeY[1] = 100; //第一个身体的坐标
        snakeX[2] = 50; snakeY[2] = 100; //第二个身体的坐标
        fx ="R";//初始方向向右


        foodx = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(35);
        foody = 75 + 25*random.nextInt(55);

        score = 0;

    }


    //绘制面板，我们的游戏中所有东西，都用这个画笔来画
    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        super.paintComponent(g);//清屏
        //绘制静态的面板
        this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);

        Data.header.paintIcon(this,g,25,11);  //头部广告栏画上去
        g.fillRect(25,75,850,600); //默认的游戏界面

        //画积分
        g.setColor(Color.white);
        setFont(new Font("苹方-简",Font.BOLD,18));
        g.drawString("长度"+length,750,35);
        g.drawString("分数"+score,750,50);

        //画食物
        Data.food.paintIcon(this,g,foodx,foody);

        //把小蛇画上去
        if (fx.equals("R")){
            Data.right.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]); //蛇头初始化向右
        }  else if (fx.equals("L")){
            Data.left.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);
        }  else if (fx.equals("U")){
            Data.up.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);
        }  else if (fx.equals("D")){
            Data.down.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);
        }

        for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
            Data.body.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[i],snakeY[i]);
        }



        //游戏状态
        if (isStart==false){
            g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
            g.setFont(new Font("苹方-简",Font.BOLD,40));//设置字体
            g.drawString("按下空格开始游戏",300,300);
        }

        if (isfail==true){
            g.setColor(Color.red);
            g.setFont(new Font("苹方-简",Font.BOLD,40));//设置字体
            g.drawString("失败，按下空格重新开始",300,300);
        }

    }


    //键盘监听事件
    @Override
    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
        int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//获取键盘按键是哪个

        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE){   //按下空格键
            if (isfail){
                isfail = false;
                init();
            }else {
                isStart = !isStart; //取反
            }
            repaint();
        }

        //小蛇移动
        if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_UP){
            fx = "U";
        }else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
            fx = "D";
        }else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_LEFT){
            fx = "L";
        }else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
            fx = "R";
        }

    }



    //事件监听---需要通过固定事件来刷新， 1s=10次
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if (isStart && isfail == false){ //如果游戏是开始状态，就让小蛇动起来

            //吃食物
            if (snakeX[0] == foodx && snakeY[0] == foody){
                //长度加1
                length++;
                //分数+10
                score = score +10;
                //再次随机食物
                foodx = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
                foody = 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);

            }
            //移动
            for (int i = length-1; i >0 ; i--) { //后一节移动前一节位置
                snakeX[i] = snakeX[i-1];
                snakeY[i] = snakeY[i-1];
            }

            //走向
            if(fx.equals("R")){
                snakeX[0] = snakeX[0]+25;
                if (snakeX[0]>850){snakeX[0] = 25;}  //边界判断
            }else if(fx.equals("L")){
                snakeX[0] = snakeX[0]-25;
                if (snakeX[0]<25){snakeX[0] = 850;}
            }else if(fx.equals("U")) {
                snakeY[0] = snakeY[0]-25;
                if (snakeY[0] < 75) { snakeY[0] = 650;}
            }else if(fx.equals("D")) {
                snakeY[0] = snakeY[0]+25;
                if (snakeY[0] > 650) { snakeY[0] = 75;}
            }

            //失败判定,撞到自己
            for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
                if (snakeX[0] == snakeX[i] && snakeY[0] == snakeY[i]){
                    isfail = true;
                }

            }
            repaint();  //重画

        }
        timer.start();  //定时器开启

    }


    @Override
    public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {

    }

    @Override
    public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {

    }


}

Data

package com.jing.snake;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.URL;

//数据中心
public class Data {
    //相对路径  tx.jpg
    //绝对路径   /   相当于当前目录
    public static URL  headerURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/header.png");
    public static ImageIcon header = new ImageIcon(headerURL);

    public static URL  upURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/up.png");
    public static URL  downURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/down.png");
    public static URL  leftURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/left.png");
    public static URL  rightURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/right.png");
    public static URL  bodyURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/body.png");
    public static URL  foodURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/food.png");
    public static ImageIcon up = new ImageIcon(upURL);
    public static ImageIcon down = new ImageIcon(downURL);
    public static ImageIcon left = new ImageIcon(leftURL);
    public static ImageIcon right = new ImageIcon(rightURL);
    public static ImageIcon body = new ImageIcon(bodyURL);
    public static ImageIcon food = new ImageIcon(foodURL);


}

微信截图_20230814111255

标签：java,GUI,编程,add,frame,import,new,public
From： https://www.cnblogs.com/jingjingn/p/17632020.html

GUI编程

GUI编程

1、简介

2、AWT

2.1、Awt 介绍

2.2 组件和容器

2.1、Frame

2.2、面板Panel

2.3、布局

2.4、事件监听

2.5、输入框TextField 监听

2.6 简易计算器，组合+内部类回顾复习

2.7 画笔

2.8 鼠标监听

2.9 窗口监听

2.10 键盘监听

3、Swing

3.1 窗口、面板

3.2 弹窗

3.3 标签

3.4 面板

3.5 按钮

3.6 列表框

3.7 文本框

贪吃蛇

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