一、实验结论：
1.实验任务1-5：已自行练习
2.实验任务6：task6.py
程序源码：
1 with open(r'C:\Users\28678\Downloads\实验5数据文件\data6.csv','r',
2 encoding='gbk') as f:
3 data=f.readlines()
4
5 data.remove('原始数据\n')
6 data0=[]
7 for i in data:
8 if i[-1]=='\n':
9 i=i[:-1]
10 data0.append(float(i))
11 print('原始数据：')
12 print(data0)
13
14 data1=[int(i+0.5) for i in data0]
15 print('四舍五入后数据：')
16 print(data1)
17
18 with open(r'C:\Users\28678\Downloads\实验5数据文件\data6_processed.csv','w',
19 encoding='gbk') as f:
20 f.write('原始数据,四舍五入后数据\n')
21 for i in range(len(data1)):
22 f.write(str(data0[i])+','+str(data1[i])+'\n')
运行结果截图：
3.实验任务7：task7.py
程序源码：
1 with open(r'C:\Users\28678\Downloads\实验5数据文件\data7.csv','r',
2 encoding='gbk') as f:
3 data=f.readlines()
4
5 data0=[i.strip('\n').split(',') for i in data]
6 data0.remove(data0[0])
7
8 data1=sorted(data0,key=lambda x:(x[2],-int(x[3])))
9
10 print(f'{"学号":10s}{"姓名":10s}{"专业":10s}{"分数":10s}')
11 for h,i,j,k in data1:
12 print(f'{h:10s}{i:10s}{j:10s}{k:10s}')
13
14 with open(r'C:\Users\28678\Downloads\实验5数据文件\data7_processed.csv','w',
15 encoding='gbk') as f:
16 f.write('学号,姓名,专业,分数\n')
17 for i in range(len(data1)):
18 f.write(','.join(data1[i])+'\n')
运行结果截图：
4.实验任务8：task8.py
程序源码：
1 with open(r'C:\Users\28678\Downloads\实验5数据文件\hamlet.txt','r') as f:
2 data=f.read()
3
4 print('hamlet.txt粗略统计:')
5 print(f'行数:{len(data.splitlines())}')
6 print(f'单词数:{len(data.split())}')
7 print(f'字符数:{len(data)}')
8 print(f'空格数:{data.count(" ")}')
9
10 data1=data.splitlines()
11 data2=[]
12 for i in range(len(data1)):
13 data2.append(f'{i+1} '+data1[i]+'\n')
14
15 with open(r'C:\Users\28678\Downloads\实验5数据文件\hamlet_with_line_number.txt',
16 'w') as f:
17 f.writelines(data2)
运行结果截图：
5.实验任务9：task9.py
程序源码：
1 def is_valid(id):
2 if len(id)==18 and id[:-1].isdigit() and (id[-1].isdigit() or id[-1]=='X'):
3 return True
4 else:
5 return False
6
7 with open(r'C:\Users\28678\Downloads\实验5数据文件\data9_id.txt','r') as f:
8 data=f.readlines()
9
10 data.remove(data[0])
11 data0=[i.strip('\n').split(',') for i in data]
12
13 data1=[]
14 for i in data0:
15 if is_valid(i[1])==True:
16 i[1]=i[1][6:14]
17 data1.append(i)
18
19 import datetime
20 t=datetime.datetime.now()
21 y=t.strftime('%Y%m%d')
22 for i in data1:
23 i.append(str(int(y)-int(i[1][0:8])))
24
25 data2=sorted(data1,key=lambda x:-int(x[2]))
26
27 print('姓名, 出生日期, 年龄')
28 for i in data2:
29 i[1]=i[1][0:4]+'-'+i[1][4:6]+'-'+i[1][6:8]
30 i[2]=i[2][0:2]
31 print(', '.join(i))
运行结果截图：
6.实验任务10：task10_1.py
程序源码：
1 with open(r'C:\Users\28678\Downloads\实验5数据文件\data10_stu.txt','r') as f:
2 data=f.readlines()
3
4 data0=[i.strip('\n').split('\t') for i in data]
5
6 import random
7 n=eval(input('输入随机抽点人数：'))
8 data1=random.sample(data0,n)
9 for i in data1:
10 print(' '.join(i))
11
12 import datetime
13 t=datetime.datetime.now()
14 fn=t.strftime('%Y%m%d')
15
16 with open(r'C:\Users\28678\Downloads\实验5数据文件\{}.txt'.format(fn),'w') as f:
17 for i in data1:
18 i[0]+='\t'
19 i[1]+='\t'
20 i[2]+='\n'
21 f.writelines(i)
运行结果截图：
task10_2.py
程序源码：
1 with open(r'C:\Users\28678\Downloads\实验5数据文件\data10_stu.txt','r') as f:
2 data=f.readlines()
3
4 data0=[i.strip('\n').split('\t') for i in data]
5
6 import datetime
7 t=datetime.datetime.now()
8 fn=t.strftime('%Y%m%d')
9
10 import random
11 print(f'{"抽点开始":*^32s}')
12 n=eval(input('输入随机抽点人数:'))
13 a=0
14 while n!=0:
15 data1=random.sample(data0,n)
16 a+=1
17 for i in data1:
18 print(' '.join(i))
19 data0.remove(i)
20 if a==1:
21 with open(r'C:\Users\28678\Downloads\实验5数据文件\{}.txt'.format(fn),'w') as f:
22 for i in data1:
23 i[0]+='\t'
24 i[1]+='\t'
25 i[2]+='\n'
26 f.writelines(i)
27 else:
28 with open(r'C:\Users\28678\Downloads\实验5数据文件\{}.txt'.format(fn),'a') as f:
29 for i in data1:
30 i[0]+='\t'
31 i[1]+='\t'
32 i[2]+='\n'
33 f.writelines(i)
34 n=eval(input('输入随机抽点人数：'))
35 print(f'{"抽点结束":*^32s}')
运行结果截图：
二、实验总结：
1. 能够在代码中正确表示文件的路径 2. 能灵活、正确使用python内置的文件读写基础操作：打开/关闭、读写、遍历，会读写csv格式文件 3. 复习字符串、列表、lambda匿名函数和sorted函数的用法，以及不同类型之间相互转换 4. 熟悉random模块、datetime模块 5. 针对具体问题场景，能够用文件和组合数据类型编程解决应用问题标签：文件,open,data,Downloads,编程,实验,print,data1,data0 From： https://www.cnblogs.com/myf-/p/17444625.html