task1_1
#include<stdio.h>
#define N 4
int main()
{
int a[N] = {2,0,2,3};
char b[N] = {'2','0','2','3'};
int i;
printf("sizeof(int) = %d\n",sizeof(int));
printf("sizeof(char) = %d\n",sizeof(char));
printf("\n");
for(i=0;i<N;++i)
printf("%p: %d\n",&a[i],a[i]);
printf("\n");
for(i=0;i<N;i++)
printf("%p: %c\n",&b[i],b[i]);
printf("\n");
printf("a = %p\n",a);
printf("b = %p\n",b);
return 0;
}
int型数组a:在内存中不是连续存放的,每个元素占用4个字节单元。
char型数组b:在内存中是连续存放的,每个元素占用1个字节单元。
数组名a对应的值,和&a[0]是一样的,数组名b对应的值,和&b[0]是不一样的。
task1_2
#include<stdio.h> #define N 2 #define M 3 int main() { int a[N][M] = {{1,2,3},{4,5,6}}; char b[N][M] = {{'1','2','3'},{'4','5','6'}}; int i,j; for(i=0;i<N;++i) for(j=0;j<M;++j) printf("%p:%d\n",&a[i][j],a[i][j]); printf("\n"); printf("a = %p\n",a); printf("a[0] = %p\n",a[0]); printf("a[1] = %p\n",a[1]); printf("\n"); for(i=0;i<N;++i) for(j=0;j<M;++j) printf("%p: %c\n",&b[i][j],b[i][j]); printf("\n"); printf("b = %p\n",b); printf("b[0] = %p\n",b[0]); printf("b[1] = %p\n",b[1]); printf("\n"); return 0; }
int型二位数组a,在内存中是“按行连续存放”的,每个元素占用4个字节单元,数组名a的值和&a[0][0]的值,在数字字面值上是一样的。
char型二维数组b,在内存中是“按行连续存放”的,每个元素占用1个内存字节单元,数组名b的值和&b0][0]的值,在数字字面值上是一样的。
a[0],a[1]和b[0],b[1]的值:a[][]一排有三个元素,一个元素占4个字节,因此a[0]与a[1]差12个字节;b[][]一排也有三个元素,而字符型数组一个元素占1个字节,因此b[0]与b[1]差3个字节。
task2
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#define N 80
void swap_str(char s1[N],char s2[N]);
void test1();
void test2();
int main()
{
printf("测试1:用两个一维数组,实现两个字符串交换\n");
test1();
printf("\n测试2:用二维数组,实现两个字符串交换\n");
test2();
return 0;
}
void test1()
{
char views1[N] = "hey, C, I hate u.";
char views2[N] = "hey, C, I love u.";
printf("交换前:\n");
puts(views1);
puts(views2);
swap_str(views1,views2);
printf("交换后:\n");
puts(views1);
puts(views2);
}
void test2()
{
char views[2][N] = {"hey, C, I hate u.","hey, C, I love u."};
printf("交换前:\n");
printf(views[0]);
printf(views[1]);
swap_str(views[0],views[1]);
printf("\n交换后:\n");
puts(views[0]);
puts(views[1]);
}
void swap_str(char s1[N], char s2[N])
{
char tmp[N];
strcpy(tmp,s1);
strcpy(s1,s2);
strcpy(s2,tmp);
}
test1的是两个不同的数组,引用时不用加[];test2的是一个数组里的两行句子,引用时要写[]明确用的是哪一行
task3_1
#include<stdio.h> #define N 80 int count(char x[]); int main() { char words[N+1]; int n; while(gets(words)!=NULL) { n = count(words); printf("单词数:%d\n\n",n); } return 0; } int count(char x[]) { int i; int word_flag = 0; int number = 0; for(i=0;x[i]!=0;i++) { if(x[i]==' ') word_flag = 0; else if(word_flag ==0) { word_flag = 1; number++; } } return number;
task3_2
#include<stdio.h> #define N 1000 int main() { char line[N]; int word_len; int max_len; int end; int i; while(gets(line)!=NULL) { word_len = 0; max_len = 0; end = 0; i = 0; while(1) { while(line[i]==' ') { word_len = 0; i++; } while(line[i]!='\0'&&line[i]!=' ') { word_len++; i++; } if(max_len<word_len) { max_len = word_len; end = i; } if(line[i]=='\0') break; } printf("最长单词:"); for(i = end - max_len; i<end; ++i) printf("%c",line[i]); printf("\n\n"); } return 0; }
task4
#include<stdio.h> #define N 5 void input(int x[],int n); void output(int x[],int n); double average(int x[],int n); void bubble_sort(int x[],int n); int main() { int scores[N]; double ave; printf("录入%d个分数:\n",N); input(scores,N); printf("\n输出课程分数:\n"); output(scores,N); printf("\n课程分数处理: 计算均分、排序...\n"); ave = average(scores,N); bubble_sort(scores,N); printf("\n输出课程均分:%.2f\n",ave); printf("\n输出课程分数(高->低):\n"); output(scores,N); return 0; } void input(int x[],int n) { int i; for(i=0;i<n;i++) scanf("%d",&x[i]); } void output(int x[],int n) { int i; for(i=0;i<n;++i) printf("%d ",x[i]); printf("\n"); } double average(int x[],int n) { double average; int sum=0,i; for(i=0;i<n;i++) { sum = sum+x[i]; } average = (double)sum/n; return average; } void bubble_sort(int x[],int n) { int i,j,temp; for(i=0;i<n-1;i++) { for(j=0;j<n-1-i;j++) { if(x[j]<x[j+1]) { temp = x[j]; x[j] = x[j+1]; x[j+1] = temp; } } } }
task5
#include<stdio.h> #define N 100 void dec2n(int x,int n); int main() { int x; printf("输入一个十进制整数:"); while(scanf("%d",&x)!=EOF) { dec2n(x,2); dec2n(x,8); dec2n(x,16); printf("\n输入一个十进制整数:"); } return 0; } void dec2n(int x,int n) { char num[N]; char str[N]="0123456789ABCDEF"; int i=0,j,t; while(x!=0) { t=x%n; x=x/n; num[i]=str[t]; i++; } j=i; for(i=j-1;i>=0;i--) printf("%c",num[i]); printf("\n"); }
task6
#include<stdio.h> #define N 100 #define M 4 void output(int x[][N],int n); void rotate_to_right(int x[][N],int n); int main() { int t[][N] = {{21,12,13,24},{25,16,47,38},{29,11,32,54},{42,21,33,10}}; printf("原始矩阵:\n"); output(t,M); rotate_to_right(t,M); printf("变换后的矩阵:\n"); output(t,M); return 0; } void output(int x[][N],int n) { int i,j; for(i=0;i<n;i++) { for(j=0;j<n;j++) printf("%4d",x[i][j]); printf("\n"); } } void rotate_to_right(int x[][N],int n) { int i,j,t; for(i=0;i<n;i++) { t=x[i][n-1]; for(j=n-1;j>0;j--) x[i][j]=x[i][j-1]; x[i][0]=t; } }
task7_1
#include<stdio.h> #define N 80 void replace(char x[],char old_char,char new_char); int main() { char text[N] = "C programming is difficult or not, it is a question."; printf("原始文本:\n"); printf("%s\n",text); replace(text,'i','*'); printf("处理后文本:\n"); printf("%s\n",text); return 0; } void replace(char x[],char old_char,char new_char) { int i; for(i=0;x[i]!='\0';++i) if(x[i]==old_char) x[i] = new_char; }
replace的功能:用new_char代替old_char
'\0':表示句子结束
task7_2
#include<stdio.h> #define N 80 int main() { char str[N],ch; int i; printf("输入一个字符串:"); gets(str); printf("输入一个字符串:"); ch = getchar(); printf("截断处理......"); i = 0; while(str[i]!='\0') { if(str[i]==ch) { str[i] = '\0'; break; } i++; } str[i] = '\0'; printf("\n截断处理后字符串:%s\n",str); return 0; }
task8
#include<stdio.h> #include<string.h> #define N 5 #define M 20 void bubble_sort(char str[][M],int n); int main() { char name[][M] = {"Bob","Bill","Joseph","Taylor","George"}; int i; printf("输出初始名单:\n"); for(i=0;i<N;i++) printf("%s\n",name[i]); printf("\n排序中...\n"); bubble_sort(name,N); printf("\n按字典排序输出名单:\n"); for(i=0;i<N;i++) printf("%s\n",name[i]); return 0; } void bubble_sort(char str[][M],int n) { int i,j; char t[N][M]; for(j=0;j<N;j++) { for(i=0;i<N-1;i++) { if(strcmp(str[i],str[i+1])>0) { strcpy(t[i],str[i]); strcpy(str[i],str[i+1]); strcpy(str[i+1],t[i]); } } } }
标签:str,int,void,编程,char,实验,数组,printf,define From: https://www.cnblogs.com/apeach/p/17315822.html