java从地址中解析省市区街道信息

文章转载自: https://blog.csdn.net/renfng/article/details/94738164

地址解析步骤如下：
1、检查是否存在省份
2、如果存在省份，将会检查省份是否明确标注省，自治区，市（直辖市），特别行政区的关键字，如果不存在，将会自动拼接上，便于后边正则匹配
3、检查市级地区是否明确标注市关键字，如果没有标注，将会自动拼接上，如果市级地址中包含州，盟，自治州等特殊情况的市级地区，将不会进行自动拼接（注：由于给出的公共的市级地区没有明确区分是市还是州或者是县，因此如果没有在地址中明确，将会统一拼接成市）
4、通过正则表达式将重构后的地址进行分割

          待分割地址：四川成都高新区xxx地址
          分割后结果：
                 1、四川省
                 2，成都市
                 3，高新区
                 4，xxx地址
5、将地址中存在重复的部分进行去重，保留唯一的省市区地址

具体代码如下:

package com.qxl.util;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

/**
 * 地址信息工具: 正则解析省市区地址
 */
public class AddressUtil {

    /**
     * 省级后缀
     */
    private static String[] suffixs = {"省","市","自治区","特别行政区"};
    /**
     * 中国34个省，直辖市，自治区，特别行政区
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("serial")
    private static Map<Integer,String[]> maps = new HashMap<Integer,String[]>(){{
        /**
         * 中国的23个省
         */
        put(1, new String[]{"河北","山西","辽宁","吉林","黑龙江","江苏","浙江","安徽","福建","江西","山东","河南","湖北","湖南","广东","海南","四川","贵州","云南","陕西","甘肃","青海","台湾"});
        /**
         * 中国的4个直辖市
         */
        put(2, new String[]{"北京","天津","上海","重庆"});
        /**
         * 中国的5个自治区
         */
        put(3, new String[]{"广西","内蒙古","西藏","宁夏","新疆"});
        /**
         * 中国的2个特别行政区
         */
        put(4, new String[]{"香港","澳门"});
        /**
         * 中国的市
         */
        put(5, new String[]{"石家庄","唐山","秦皇岛","邯郸","邢台","保定","张家口","承德","沧州","廊坊","衡水",
                "太原","大同","阳泉","长治","晋城","朔州","晋中","运城","忻州","临汾","吕梁",
                "呼和浩特","包头","乌海","赤峰","通辽","鄂尔多斯","呼伦贝尔","巴彦淖尔","乌兰察布","兴安","锡林郭勒","阿拉善",
                "沈阳","大连","鞍山","抚顺","本溪","丹东","锦州","营口","阜新","辽阳","盘锦","铁岭","朝阳","葫芦岛",
                "长春","吉林","四平","辽源","通化","白山","松原","白城","延边",
                "哈尔滨","齐齐哈尔","鸡西","鹤岗","双鸭山","大庆","伊春","佳木斯","七台河","牡丹江","黑河","绥化","大兴安岭",
                "南京","无锡","徐州","常州","苏州","南通","连云港","淮安","盐城","扬州","镇江","泰州","宿迁",
                "杭州","宁波","温州","嘉兴","湖州","绍兴","金华","衢州","舟山","台州","丽水",
                "合肥","芜湖","蚌埠","淮南","马鞍山","淮北","铜陵","安庆","黄山","滁州","阜阳","宿州","巢湖","六安","亳州","池州","宣城",
                "福州","厦门","莆田","三明","泉州","漳州","南平","龙岩","宁德",
                "南昌","景德镇","萍乡","九江","新余","鹰潭","赣州","吉安","宜春","抚州","上饶",
                "济南","青岛","淄博","枣庄","东营","烟台","潍坊","威海","济宁","泰安","日照","莱芜","临沂","德州","聊城","滨州","菏泽",
                "郑州","开封","洛阳","平顶山","焦作","鹤壁","新乡","安阳","濮阳","许昌","漯河","三门峡","南阳","商丘","信阳","周口","驻马店",
                "武汉","黄石","襄樊","十堰","荆州","宜昌","荆门","鄂州","孝感","黄冈","咸宁","随州","恩施",
                "长沙","株洲","湘潭","衡阳","邵阳","岳阳","常德","张家界","益阳","郴州","永州","怀化","娄底","湘西",
                "广州","深圳","珠海","汕头","韶关","佛山","江门","湛江","茂名","肇庆","惠州","梅州","汕尾","河源","阳江","清远","东莞","中山","潮州","揭阳","云浮",
                "南宁","柳州","桂林","梧州","北海","防城港","钦州","贵港","玉林","百色","贺州","河池","来宾","崇左",
                "海口","三亚",
                "成都","自贡","攀枝花","泸州","德阳","绵阳","广元","遂宁","内江","乐山","南充","宜宾","广安","达州","眉山","雅安","巴中","资阳","阿坝","甘孜","凉山",
                "贵阳","六盘水","遵义","安顺","铜仁","毕节","黔西南","黔东南","黔南",
                "昆明","曲靖","玉溪","保山","昭通","丽江","普洱","临沧","文山","红河","西双版纳","楚雄","大理","德宏","怒江","迪庆",
                "拉萨","昌都","山南","日喀则","那曲","阿里","林芝",
                "西安","铜川","宝鸡","咸阳","渭南","延安","汉中","榆林","安康","商洛",
                "兰州","嘉峪关","金昌","白银","天水","武威","张掖","平凉","酒泉","庆阳","定西","陇南","临夏","甘南",
                "西宁","海东","海北","黄南","海南","果洛","玉树","海西",
                "银川","石嘴山","吴忠","固原","中卫",
                "乌鲁木齐","克拉玛依","吐鲁番","哈密","和田","阿克苏","喀什","克孜勒苏","克孜勒苏柯尔克孜","巴音郭楞蒙古","昌吉","博尔塔","博尔塔拉蒙古","伊犁","伊犁哈萨克","塔城","阿勒泰",
                "香港","澳门","台湾台北","台北","高雄","基隆","台中","台南","新竹","嘉义"});
    }};

    /**
     * 拼接“省”，“市”后缀
     * @param address
     * @param $suffix
     * @param s
     * @return
     */
    private static String restructure(String address,String $suffix,String s){
        if(address.indexOf($suffix) == 0){
            //拼接“省”，“市”关键字
            return address;
        } else {
            if(address.indexOf(s) == 0){
                //拼接“省”，“市”关键字
                return address.replaceFirst(s, $suffix);
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 判断是否包含省级地区
     * @param address
     * @return -1（不包含省份 ）， 1（包含23个省份中的一个），2（包含直辖市），3（包含自治区），4（包含特别行政区），5（包含市级）
     */
    public static Integer isExistProvince(String address){
        Integer isExit = -1;
        for(Map.Entry<Integer, String[]> entry : maps.entrySet()){
            //过滤掉市级地区
            if(entry.getKey() == 5) break;
            //判断是否存在中国34个省级地址（23个普通省份，4个直辖市，5个自治区，2个特别行政区）
            for(String provin : entry.getValue()){
                if(address.indexOf(provin) == 0){
                    return entry.getKey();
                }
            }
        }
        return isExit;
    }

    /**
     * 处理没有指定省市后缀的地址
     * 检查出来之后自动拼接
     * 例如：四川成都高新区
     * 结果：四川省成都市高新区
     * @param address  地址
     * @param k  -1（不包含省份 ）， 1（包含23个省份中的一个），2（包含直辖市），3（包含自治区），4（包含特别行政区），5（包含市级）
     * @return
     */
    private static String restructure(String address,int k){
        //省级
        String provinces = "";
        //省
        String[] arrays = maps.get(k);
        //后缀
        String suffix = suffixs[k-1];
        //把全部的"市辖区","市辖县"替换成""
        for(String s : cityKeyWords.get(1)){
            address = address.replace(s, "");
        }
        for(String s : arrays){
            //自治区
            String $suffix = "";
            if(k == 3){
                switch (s) {
                    case "广西":
                        $suffix = s + "壮族" + suffix;
                        break;
                    case "宁夏":
                        $suffix = s + "回族" + suffix;
                        break;
                    case "新疆":
                        $suffix = s + "维吾尔" + suffix;
                        break;
                    default:
                        $suffix = s + suffix;
                        break;
                }
            } else{
                $suffix = s + suffix;
            }

            provinces = $suffix;

            //拼接“省”，“市”后缀
            String $address = restructure(address, $suffix, s);
            if($address != null){
                address = $address;
                break;
            }
        }
        return restructure(address,provinces);
    }

    /**
     * 出现下列关键词的将不作处理
     */
    @SuppressWarnings({"serial" })
    private static Map<Integer,String[]> cityKeyWords = new LinkedHashMap<Integer,String[]>(){{
        put(0,new String[]{"县"});
        put(1,new String[]{"市辖区","市辖县"});
        put(2,new String[]{"盟","州","地区","自治州","回族自治州","土家族苗族自治州","藏族自治州","藏族羌族自治州","蒙古族藏族自治州","壮族苗族自治州","傣族自治州","彝族自治州","朝鲜族自治州","布依族苗族自治州","苗族侗族自治州","傣族景颇族自治州","傈僳族自治州","白族自治州","哈尼族彝族自治州"});
    }};

    /**
     * 处理没有填写市级地区的地址，一旦检查出来，则添加上后缀
     * 例如：成都高新区
     * 结果：成都市高新区
     * @param address
     * @return
     */
    private static String restructure(String address,String provinces){
        address = address.replace(provinces, "");
        //如果第一位是"县"，替换为""
        if(cityKeyWords.get(0)[0].equals(address.substring(0, 1))){
            address = address.substring(1);
        }
        //如果省份是直辖市，自动插入"市辖区"用于区分
        for(String s : maps.get(2)){
            if(provinces.equals(s + suffixs[1])){
                address = cityKeyWords.get(1)[0] + address;
            }
        }
        //后缀
        String suffix = suffixs[1];
        big:for(String s : maps.get(5)){
            for(String key : cityKeyWords.get(2)){
                if(address.indexOf(s + key) == 0){
                    continue big;
                }
            }
            //拼接“省”，“市”后缀
            String $address = restructure(address, s + suffix, s);
            if($address != null){
                address = $address;
                break;
            }
        }
        return provinces + address;
    }


    /**
     * 解析地址
     * @param address
     * @return
     */
    public static Map<String,String> addressResolution(String address){
        String regex="(?<province>[^特别行政区]+特别行政区|[^自治区]+自治区|[^省]+省|[^市]+市)(?<city>省直辖行政单位|省属虚拟市|市辖县|市辖区|县|自治州|[^地区]+地区|[^市]+市|[^州]+州|[^盟]+盟|[^区]+区|)?(?<county>[^旗]+旗|[^市]+市|[^区]+区|[^县]+县)?(?<town>[^县]+县|[^区]+区|[^乡]+乡|[^村]+村|[^镇]+镇|[^街道]+街道)?(?<village>.*)";
        Matcher matcher = Pattern.compile(regex).matcher(address);
        Map<String,String> rmap = null;
        while(matcher.find()){
            rmap = new LinkedHashMap<String,String>();
            rmap.put("province", matcher.group("province") == null ? "" : matcher.group("province").trim());
            rmap.put("city", matcher.group("city") == null ? "" : matcher.group("city").trim());
            rmap.put("county", matcher.group("county") == null ? "" : matcher.group("county").trim());
            rmap.put("town", matcher.group("town") == null ? "" : matcher.group("town").trim());
            rmap.put("village", matcher.group("village") == null ? "" : matcher.group("village").trim());
        }
        //重构一次地址
        return addressResolution(rmap);
    }


    /**
     * 重构一次地址，将直辖市所在区域进行特殊处理
     * 注：如果在地址中出现未明确省市区的将无法去重，由于详细地址中可能出现于省市同名的情况，所有对于这类情况将
     *     保留，即使从肉眼能看出是重复的，也不会处理
     * 例如：四川省成都市高新区四川成都高新xxxx大道xxx号
     * @param rmap
     * @return
     */
    private static Map<String,String> addressResolution(Map<String,String> rmap){
        if(rmap == null) return rmap;
        //针对直辖市，进行特殊处理
        String city = rmap.get("city");
        //将直辖市-市级全部替换为区级内容，并将区级内容全部替换为""
        for(String s : cityKeyWords.get(1)){
            if(s.equals(city)){
                rmap.put("city", rmap.get("county"));
                rmap.put("county", "");
                break;
            }
        }
        //市
        city = rmap.get("city");
        //区（县）
        String county = rmap.get("county");
        //省
        String province = rmap.get("province");
        //街道，乡村，镇
        rmap.put("town", rmap.get("town").replace(city, "").replace(county, "").replace(province, ""));
        //详细地址
        rmap.put("village", rmap.get("village").replace(city, "").replace(county, "").replace(province, ""));
        return rmap;
    }

    /**
     * 格式化省市县/区信息
     * @param address
     * @return
     */
    public static Map<String, String> addressFormat(String address) {
        if(address == null) return null;
        //去掉空格
        address = address.replaceAll("\\s+","");
        //判断是否存在省级地区
        int k = isExistProvince(address);
        if(k == -1){
            return null;
        }else{
            //重构地区格式（拼接省级，市级地区后缀名）
            address = restructure(address, k);
        }
        //格式化地址
        Map<String,String> addresss = addressResolution(address);
        if(addresss == null){
            return null;
        }
        //省份
        String province = addresss.get("province");
        //市
        String city = addresss.get("city");
        //区县
        String county = addresss.get("county");
        //详细地址
        String town = addresss.get("town");
        String village = addresss.get("village");

        //完整地址 ： 省 + 市 + 区 + 详细地址
        StringBuilder detailAddress = new StringBuilder();
        detailAddress.append(province).append(" ").append(city).append(" ").append(county).append(" ").append(town).append(village);
        Map<String,String> rmap = new LinkedHashMap<String,String>();
        rmap.put("province",province);
        rmap.put("city",city);
        rmap.put("county",county);
        rmap.put("town",town);
        rmap.put("village",village);
        rmap.put("detail", detailAddress.toString().replaceAll("\\s+",""));
        rmap.put("detail_format", detailAddress.toString());
        return rmap;
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String[] address = {
                "新疆维吾尔自治区哈密地区哈密市ces",
                "内蒙古自治区 锡林郭勒盟 锡林浩特市w",
                "新疆维吾尔自治区昌吉州呼图壁县",
                "四川成都双流县华阳街道富民路一段230号",
                "新疆维吾尔自治区昌吉回族自治州呼图壁县",
                "新疆维吾尔自治区伊犁州伊宁市飞机场路88号中华联合保险公司",
                "新疆维吾尔自治区省直辖行政单位石河子市",
                "重庆市渝北区东湖南路333号中渝爱都会7栋一单元1202",
                "湖北省省直辖行政单位潜江市大河小区二栋",
                "海南省省属虚拟市五指山市大河小区二栋",
                "内蒙古自治区 兴安盟 乌兰浩特市大河小区二栋",
                "四川省乐山市峨眉山市,佛欣路19号蒙太奇硅藻泥艺术涂装",
                "湖北省潜江市园林南路建筑设计院门面中天电脑",
                "湖北省省直辖行政单位潜江市校区五号",
                "北京市 市辖区 东城区 5",
                "重庆市 市辖区 万州区万州大道一号",
                "新疆维吾尔自治区 巴音郭楞蒙古自治州 库尔勒市开发路一号",
                "重庆市市辖区江北区重庆市市辖区江北区北滨一路456号北岸江山西区10栋",
                "重庆市 市辖区沙坪坝区蓝溪谷地9栋14—2",
                "河南省济源市沁园愚公路半山春景6号楼",
                "四川成都天府新区华府大道一段",
                "重庆市江北区北滨一路456号北岸江山西区10栋",
                "重庆市市辖区沙坪坝区沙坪坝区蓝溪谷地9栋14–1",
                "重庆市南岸区南坪电建小区",
                "重庆市 县 彭水苗族土家族自治县两江桥行政服务大厅不动产窗口",
                "四川省乐山市峨眉山市四川乐山峨眉山市佛光南路355号-收货人：丁振波",
                "北京丰台区莲花池东路118号",
                "北京市辖区丰台区北京东路118号",
        };
        for(String s : address){
            System.out.println(JSONObject.toJSONString(addressFormat(s)));
        }
    }
}

说明: 以上解析只针对地址格式规范的情况,也并非任意文本都能解析成功，由于不同地址的差异性会出现解析错误，企业项目请慎重使用，特殊地址请特殊处理

其他: 如果需要详细且精准的解析,可以使用地图服务商提供的API,不过需要付费使用,链接如下:
   1. 高德：https://lbs.amap.com/api/webservice/guide/api/georegeo 
   2. 腾讯：https://lbs.qq.com/service/webService/webServiceGuide/webServiceGeocoder 
   3. 百度：https://lbsyun.baidu.com/index.php?title=webapi/address_analyze