Node 版本兼容性问题

问题描述

vue2 启动项目时报错如下：

> npm run serve
Error: error:0308010C:digital envelope routines::unsupported
    at new Hash (node:internal/crypto/hash:71:19)
    at Object.createHash (node:crypto:133:10)
    at module.exports (C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\SupplyChain_finish\front\node_modules\webpack\lib\util\createHash.js:135:53)
    at NormalModule._initBuildHash (C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\SupplyChain_finish\front\node_modules\webpack\lib\NormalModule.js:417:16)
    at handleParseError (C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\SupplyChain_finish\front\node_modules\webpack\lib\NormalModule.js:471:10)
    at C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\SupplyChain_finish\front\node_modules\webpack\lib\NormalModule.js:503:5
    at C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\SupplyChain_finish\front\node_modules\webpack\lib\NormalModule.js:358:12
    at C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\SupplyChain_finish\front\node_modules\loader-runner\lib\LoaderRunner.js:373:3
    at iterateNormalLoaders (C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\SupplyChain_finish\front\node_modules\loader-runner\lib\LoaderRunner.js:214:10)
    at Storage.finished (C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\SupplyChain_finish\front\node_modules\enhanced-resolve\lib\CachedInputFileSystem.js:55:16)        
    at C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\SupplyChain_finish\front\node_modules\enhanced-resolve\lib\CachedInputFileSystem.js:91:9
    at C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\SupplyChain_finish\front\node_modules\graceful-fs\graceful-fs.js:123:16
    at FSReqCallback.readFileAfterClose [as oncomplete] (node:internal/fs/read_file_context:68:3) {
  opensslErrorStack: [ 'error:03000086:digital envelope routines::initialization error' ],
  library: 'digital envelope routines',
  reason: 'unsupported',
  code: 'ERR_OSSL_EVP_UNSUPPORTED'
}

问题分析

node.js V17 版本中最近发布的 OpenSSL3.0, 而 OpenSSL3.0 对允许算法和密钥大小增加了严格的限制。本项目是在 Node.js 16.14.0 版本下创建，而运行的版本是 node.js V18 版本，导致出现 OpenSSL 3.0 的版本兼容性问题。

解决方案

方法一

从其他文章找到的办法，但是本人实测不行，原因未知，大概是电脑差异

# 使用win+R，输入cmd，在终端中输入如下命令：
> set NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider

方法二

修改 vue 项目的 package.json 文件，添加 "serve": "set NODE_OPTIONS=\"--openssl-legacy-provider\" & npm run dev\n"，如下：

  "scripts": {
    "dev": "vue-cli-service serve",
    "build": "vue-cli-service build",
    "lint": "vue-cli-service lint",
    "serve": "set NODE_OPTIONS=\"--openssl-legacy-provider\" & npm run dev\n"
  },

方法三

降低自己 nodejs 的版本保持和 vue 工程的中 nodejs 版本一致即可