Given the root
of a binary tree, return the sum of values of nodes with an even-valued grandparent. If there are no nodes with an even-valued grandparent, return 0
.
A grandparent of a node is the parent of its parent if it exists.
Example 1:
Input: root = [6,7,8,2,7,1,3,9,null,1,4,null,null,null,5]
Output: 18
Explanation: The red nodes are the nodes with even-value grandparent while the blue nodes are the even-value grandparents.
Example 2:
Input: root = [1]
Output: 0
Constraints:
- The number of nodes in the tree is in the range
[1, 104]
. 1 <= Node.val <= 100
这道题给了一棵二叉树,让返回具有偶数值爷结点的所有结点的值之和,何为爷结点,就是父结点的父结点。需要找出所有爷结点值是偶数的结点,并返回它们的结点值之和,注意不是返回爷结点值之和。根据以往的经验,二叉树的题目大多情况下都是用递归的解法,这道题也不例外,遍历顺序就用先序遍历就可以了。在递归函数中,首先判空,若为空,直接返回。否则看当前结点值是否为偶数,是的话就去找其孙结点,一共有四个孙结点,若左子结点存在的话,分别判断其两个孙结点是否存在,存在的话就将其结点值加到 res 中,同理,若右子结点存在的话,分别判断其两个孙结点是否存在,存在的话就将其结点值加到 res 中,然后在分别对左右子结点调用递归函数即可,参见代码如下:
解法一:
class Solution {
public:
int sumEvenGrandparent(TreeNode* root) {
int res = 0;
dfs(root, res);
return res;
}
void dfs(TreeNode* node, int& res) {
if (!node) return;
if (node->val % 2 == 0) {
if (node->left) {
if (node->left->left) res += node->left->left->val;
if (node->left->right) res += node->left->right->val;
}
if (node->right) {
if (node->right->left) res += node->right->left->val;
if (node->right->right) res += node->right->right->val;
}
}
dfs(node->left, res);
dfs(node->right, res);
}
};
上面解法的判断有些复杂,这是因为是在找当前结点的四个孙结点,若是直接处理每个孙结点的话,就会相对简单一些。但此时必须要知道孙结点的爷结点,同时也要知道父结点,因为一旦去递归子结点时,之前的父结点就是新的爷结点,所以在递归函数中要把父结点和爷结点当参数传进去。在递归函数中还是先判空,然后判断若爷结点存在,并且值为偶数,则将当前结点值加到 res 中,然后分别对左右子结点调用递归函数,当前结点和父结点就变成了新的父结点和爷结点当参数传入即可,参见代码如下:
解法二:
class Solution {
public:
int sumEvenGrandparent(TreeNode* root) {
int res = 0;
dfs(root, nullptr, nullptr, res);
return res;
}
void dfs(TreeNode* node, TreeNode* parent, TreeNode* grandParent, int& res) {
if (!node) return;
if (grandParent && grandParent->val % 2 == 0) {
res += node->val;
}
dfs(node->left, node, parent, res);
dfs(node->right, node, parent, res);
}
};
Github 同步地址:
https://github.com/grandyang/leetcode/issues/1315
参考资料:
https://leetcode.com/problems/sum-of-nodes-with-even-valued-grandparent/
LeetCode All in One 题目讲解汇总(持续更新中...)
标签:Even,node,1315,right,res,结点,nodes,节点,left From: https://www.cnblogs.com/grandyang/p/16642713.html