python+excel=openpyxl(二)

创建一个workbook
>>> from openpyxl import Workbook
>>> from openpyxl.utils import get_column_letter
>>>
>>> wb = Workbook()
>>>
>>> dest_filename = 'empty_book.xlsx'
>>>
>>> ws1 = wb.active
>>> ws1.title = "range names"
>>>
>>> for row in range(1, 40):
... ws1.append(range(600))
>>>
>>> ws2 = wb.create_sheet(title="Pi")
>>>
>>> ws2['F5'] = 3.14
>>>
>>> ws3 = wb.create_sheet(title="Data")
>>> for row in range(10, 20):
... for col in range(27, 54):
... _ = ws3.cell(column=col, row=row, value="{0}".format(get_column_letter(col)))
>>> print(ws3['AA10'].value)
AA
>>> wb.save(filename = dest_filename)

读取一张已存在的workbook

直接通过sheet的title获取整张表，然后通过具体cell的名称来获取值
>>> from openpyxl import load_workbook

>>> wb = load_workbook(filename = 'empty_book.xlsx')
>>> sheet_ranges = wb['range names']
>>> print(sheet_ranges['D18'].value)
3

使用number_format获取单元格格式

>>> import datetime
>>> from openpyxl import Workbook
>>> wb = Workbook()
>>> ws = wb.active
>>> # set date using a Python datetime
>>> ws['A1'] = datetime.datetime(2010, 7, 21)
>>>
>>> ws['A1'].number_format
'yyyy-mm-dd h:mm:ss'

使用公式
>>> import openpyxl
>>> wb = openpyxl.load_workbook('F:\\PycharmProjects\\untitled\\测试表格.xlsx')
>>> ws = wb.active
>>> ws['A11'] = '=SUM(A1:B1)'
>>> wb.save(‘F:\\PycharmProjects\\untitled\\测试表格.xlsx’)

结果如下图
新梦想技术分享

openpyxl模块不会评估公式，但是它可以判断公式的名称是否有效：
>>> from openpyxl.utils import FORMULAE
>>> "HEX2DEC" in FORMULAE
True

如果你尝试去使用一个未知的公式，所谓未知公式就是指这个公式没有包含在openpyxl初始化的模块中。这一类公式就必须使用 _xlfn. 作为前缀来参与运算

合并/取消合并 单元格
合并单元格时，除左上角以外的所有单元格都将从工作表中删除。 为了携带合并单元格的边界信息，将合并单元格的边界单元格创建为MergeCells，它们始终具有值None。 有关格式化合并单元格的信息，请参见样式化合并单元格。
>>> from openpyxl.workbook import Workbook
>>>
>>> wb = Workbook()
>>> ws = wb.active
>>>
>>> ws.merge_cells('A2:D2')
>>> ws.unmerge_cells('A2:D2')
>>>
>>> # or equivalently
>>> ws.merge_cells(start_row=2, start_column=1, end_row=4, end_column=4)
>>> ws.unmerge_cells(start_row=2, start_column=1, end_row=4, end_column=4)

插入图片

>>> from openpyxl import Workbook
>>> from openpyxl.drawing.image import Image
>>>
>>> wb = Workbook()
>>> ws = wb.active
>>> ws['A1'] = 'You should see three logos below'
>>> # create an image
>>> img = Image('logo.png')
>>> # add to worksheet and anchor next to cells
>>> ws.add_image(img, 'A1')
>>> wb.save('logo.xlsx')

隐藏单元格

>>> import openpyxl
>>> wb = openpyxl.Workbook()
>>> ws = wb.create_sheet()
>>> ws.column_dimensions.group('A','D', hidden=True)
>>> ws.row_dimensions.group(1,10, hidden=True)
>>> wb.save('group.xlsx')