npm 安装 node-sass 失败问题分析及解决方案

在使用npm 安装依赖时,执行到

Missing binding E:\webstorm\notepad\notepad\node_modules\node-sass\vendor\win32-x64-46\binding.node
Node Sass could not find a binding for your current environment: Windows 64-bit with Node.js 10.x

时报错，下载node-sass时无响应；

下面是部分错误信息：

Downloading binary from https://github.com/sass/node-sass/releases/download/v4.13.0/win32-x64-64_binding.node
Cannot download "https://github.com/sass/node-sass/releases/download/v4.13.0/win32-x64-64_binding.node":
 
ESOCKETTIMEDOUT
 
Hint: If github.com is not accessible in your location
      try setting a proxy via HTTP_PROXY, e.g.
 
      export HTTP_PROXY=http://example.com:1234
 
or configure npm proxy via
 
      npm config set proxy http://example.com:8080
 
> [email protected] postinstall D:\work\xiangmu\heb-metro-operator-page\node_modules\@babel\polyfill\node_modules\core-js
> node -e "try{require('./postinstall')}catch(e){}"
 
Thank you for using core-js ( https://github.com/zloirock/core-js ) for polyfilling JavaScript standard library!
 
The project needs your help! Please consider supporting of core-js on Open Collective or Patreon: 
> https://opencollective.com/core-js 
> https://www.patreon.com/zloirock 
 
Also, the author of core-js ( https://github.com/zloirock ) is looking for a good job -)
 
 
> [email protected] postinstall D:\work\xiangmu\heb-metro-operator-page\node_modules\babel-polyfill\node_modules\core-js
> node -e "try{require('./postinstall')}catch(e){}"
 
 
> [email protected] postinstall D:\work\xiangmu\heb-metro-operator-page\node_modules\babel-runtime\node_modules\core-js
> node -e "try{require('./postinstall')}catch(e){}"
 
 
> [email protected] postinstall D:\work\xiangmu\heb-metro-operator-page\node_modules\core-js
> node postinstall || echo "ignore"
 
 
> [email protected] postinstall D:\work\xiangmu\heb-metro-operator-page\node_modules\core-js-pure
> node postinstall || echo "ignore"
 
 
> [email protected] postinstall D:\work\xiangmu\heb-metro-operator-page\node_modules\ejs
> node ./postinstall.js
 
Thank you for installing EJS: built with the Jake JavaScript build tool (https://jakejs.com/)
 
 
> [email protected] postinstall D:\work\xiangmu\heb-metro-operator-page\node_modules\swiper
> node -e "console.log('\u001b[35m\u001b[1mLove Swiper? Support Vladimir\'s work by donating or pledging on patreon:\u001b[22m\u001b[39m\n > \u001b[32mhttps://patreon.com/vladimirkharlampidi\u001b[0m\n')"
 
Love Swiper? Support Vladimir's work by donating or pledging on patreon:
 > https://patreon.com/vladimirkharlampidi
 
 
> [email protected] postinstall D:\work\xiangmu\heb-metro-operator-page\node_modules\node-sass
> node scripts/build.js
 
Building: C:\Program Files\nodejs\node.exe D:\work\xiangmu\heb-metro-operator-page\node_modules\node-gyp\bin\node-gyp.js rebuild --verbose --libsass_ext= --libsass_cflags= --libsass_ldflags= --libsass_library=
gyp info it worked if it ends with ok
gyp verb cli [ 'C:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\node.exe',
gyp verb cli   'D:\\work\\xiangmu\\heb-metro-operator-page\\node_modules\\node-gyp\\bin\\node-gyp.js',
gyp verb cli   'rebuild',
gyp verb cli   '--verbose',
gyp verb cli   '--libsass_ext=',
gyp verb cli   '--libsass_cflags=',
gyp verb cli   '--libsass_ldflags=',
gyp verb cli   '--libsass_library=' ]
gyp info using [email protected]
gyp info using [email protected] | win32 | x64
gyp verb command rebuild []
gyp verb command clean []
gyp verb clean removing "build" directory
gyp verb command configure []
gyp verb check python checking for Python executable "python2" in the PATH
gyp verb `which` failed Error: not found: python2
gyp verb `which` failed     at getNotFoundError (D:\work\xiangmu\heb-metro-operator-page\node_modules\which\which.js:13:12)
gyp verb `which` failed     at F (D:\work\xiangmu\heb-metro-operator-page\node_modules\which\which.js:68:19)
gyp verb `which` failed     at E (D:\work\xiangmu\heb-metro-operator-page\node_modules\which\which.js:80:29)
gyp verb `which` failed     at D:\work\xiangmu\heb-metro-operator-page\node_modules\which\which.js:89:16
gyp verb `which` failed     at D:\work\xiangmu\heb-metro-operator-page\node_modules\isexe\index.js:42:5
gyp verb `which` failed     at D:\work\xiangmu\heb-metro-operator-page\node_modules\isexe\windows.js:36:5
gyp verb `which` failed     at FSReqWrap.oncomplete (fs.js:153:21)
gyp verb `which` failed  python2 { Error: not found: python2
gyp verb `which` failed     at getNotFoundError (D:\work\xiangmu\heb-metro-operator-page\node_modules\which\which.js:13:12)
gyp verb `which` failed     at F (D:\work\xiangmu\heb-metro-operator-page\node_modules\which\which.js:68:19)
gyp verb `which` failed     at E (D:\work\xiangmu\heb-metro-operator-page\node_modules\which\which.js:80:29)
gyp verb `which` failed     at D:\work\xiangmu\heb-metro-operator-page\node_modules\which\which.js:89:16
gyp verb `which` failed     at D:\work\xiangmu\heb-metro-operator-page\node_modules\isexe\index.js:42:5
gyp verb `which` failed     at D:\work\xiangmu\heb-metro-operator-page\node_modules\isexe\windows.js:36:5
gyp verb `which` failed     at FSReqWrap.oncomplete (fs.js:153:21)

分析了好久，没有找到原因，后来注意到了下载地址是github 的文件地址，突然想起来github文件下载缓慢或无响应，于是试着解决了下，发现问题居然消失了；
下面贴我的解决方法:

第一步，打开本机上的Hosts文件

首先，什么是Hosts文件？

在互联网协议中，host表示能够同其他机器互相访问的本地计算机。一台本地机有唯一标志代码，同网络掩码一起组成IP地址，如果通过点到点协议通过ISP访问互联网，那么在连接期间将会拥有唯一的IP地址，这段时间内，你的主机就是一个host。
在这种情况下，host表示一个网络节点。host是根据TCP/IP for Windows 的标准来工作的，它的作用是包含IP地址和Host name(主机名)的映射关系，是一个映射IP地址和Host name(主机名)的规定，规定要求每段只能包括一个映射关系，IP地址要放在每段的最前面，空格后再写上映射的Host name主机名　。对于这段的映射说明用“#”分割后用文字说明。

Hosts文件的路径是：

C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc

由于文件没有后缀名，可以利用鼠标右键点击，选择用记事本打开

第二步，追加域名的IP地址

# localhost name resolution is handled within DNS itself.
#	127.0.0.1       localhost
#	::1             localhost
 
10.170.1.149 windows10.microdone.cn

保存。

第三步，刷新 DNS 缓存

在终端或CMD中，执行以下命令：

ipconfig /flushdns

之后再重新安装依赖就ok了。