Netty为了提高系统的吞吐,大量使用异步线程模型
一 Demo
public class FutureTest00 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(3);
EventLoopGroup group = new DefaultEventLoopGroup(3);
Future<Long> f = group.submit(() -> {
System.out.println("task...");
Thread.sleep(100_000);
return 100L;
});
new Thread(() -> {
try {
Long ans = f.get();
System.out.println("get..." + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + ans);
} catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} finally {
latch.countDown();
}
}, "get").start();
new Thread(() -> {
try {
Long ans = f.sync().getNow();
System.out.println("sync..." + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + ans);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} finally {
latch.countDown();
}
}, "sync").start();
new Thread(() -> {
f.addListener(future -> {
System.out.println("future..." + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + f.get());
latch.countDown();
});
}, "listen").start();
latch.await();
group.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
异步线程模型一定是依托于多线程实现的
提交任务的线程负责提交任务,有专门的线程去关注任务过程,对于结果而言就有两种方式获取
- 提交任务的线程自己去取,但是不知道什么时候执行线程才执行结束,所以可以阻塞等待执行线程的结果
- 任务提交线程不要干等,通过监听器的回调机制,执行线程负责执行过程,自然知道什么时候执行结束,所以主动权交给执行线程,等有结果了让执行线程按照监听器的定义处理结果
二 类图
三 任务提交流程
// AbstractExecutorService.java
public <T> Future<T> submit(Callable<T> task) {
if (task == null) throw new NullPointerException();
RunnableFuture<T> ftask = newTaskFor(task);
execute(ftask);
return ftask;
}
我们要关注ftask的实现类型是什么
// AbstractEventExecutor.java
@Override
protected final <T> RunnableFuture<T> newTaskFor(Callable<T> callable) {
return new PromiseTask<T>(this, callable); // 提交给EventLoop线程的任务被封装称PromiseTask实现
}
四 sync阻塞等待
// Demo.java
Long ans = f.get();
// DefaultPromise.java
@Override
public V get() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
Object result = this.result;
if (!isDone0(result)) { // 异步任务执行完了就直接返回
this.await(); // 异步任务还没执行完 取结果的线程需要阻塞等待异步结果的到来
result = this.result; // 阻塞等待异步结果的线程被唤醒了 说明异步线程已经将执行结果放到了result阈上
}
if (result == SUCCESS || result == UNCANCELLABLE) {
return null;
}
Throwable cause = cause0(result);
if (cause == null) {
return (V) result;
}
if (cause instanceof CancellationException) {
throw (CancellationException) cause;
}
throw new ExecutionException(cause);
}
@Override
public Promise<V> await() throws InterruptedException {
if (this.isDone()) { // 异步任务已经执行结束了 直接返回
return this;
}
if (Thread.interrupted()) {
throw new InterruptedException(toString());
}
checkDeadLock(); // 避免EventLoop线程自锁
synchronized (this) { // 多线程获取同一个异步任务的执行结果
while (!isDone()) {
incWaiters(); // 阻塞获取异步任务的线程计数
try {
wait(); // 阻塞住线程等待被notify唤醒 获取异步结果的线程释放了管程锁 进入了当前promise的阻塞列表
} finally {
decWaiters(); // 阻塞在promise上的线程会唤醒 说明异步结果已经被异步线程放回了promise 更新阻塞获取异步结果的线程数量
}
}
}
return this;
}
现在获取任务的线程已经阻塞了,只能等待异步线程执行完任务之后,通过notify或者notifyAll唤醒这个阻塞线程了
// PromiseTask.java
@Override
public void run() {
try {
if (setUncancellableInternal()) { // 设置任务不可取消
V result = runTask(); // 任务执行结果
/**
* 将异步结果设置到DefaultPromise的result阈上
* 后置动作
* - 唤醒所有阻塞在等待异步结果上的线程
* - 执行监听器的回调
*/
setSuccessInternal(result);
}
} catch (Throwable e) {
setFailureInternal(e);
}
}
protected final Promise<V> setSuccessInternal(V result) {
/**
* 将异步结果设置到DefaultPromise的result阈上
* 后置动作
* - 唤醒所有阻塞在等待异步结果上的线程
* - 执行监听器的回调
*/
super.setSuccess(result);
clearTaskAfterCompletion(true, COMPLETED);
return this;
}
// DefaultPromise.java
/**
* 将异步结果设置到DefaultPromise的result阈上
* 后置动作
* - 唤醒所有阻塞在等待异步结果上的线程
* - 执行监听器的回调
*/
@Override
public Promise<V> setSuccess(V result) {
if (this.setSuccess0(result)) {
return this;
}
throw new IllegalStateException("complete already: " + this);
}
/**
* 将异步结果设置到DefaultPromise的result阈上
* 后置动作
* - 唤醒所有阻塞在等待异步结果上的线程
* - 执行监听器的回调
*/
private boolean setSuccess0(V result) {
return this.setValue0(result == null ? SUCCESS : result); // CAS方式将异步任务结果设置到result阈上
}
/**
* 将异步结果设置到DefaultPromise的result阈上
* 后置动作
* - 唤醒所有阻塞在等待异步结果上的线程
* - 执行监听器的回调
*/
private boolean setValue0(Object objResult) { // 设置好值然后执行监听者的回调方法
if (RESULT_UPDATER.compareAndSet(this, null, objResult) ||
RESULT_UPDATER.compareAndSet(this, UNCANCELLABLE, objResult)) { // CAS将异步结果设置到result阈上
if (checkNotifyWaiters()) { // 唤醒所有阻塞等待异步结果的线程
this.notifyListeners(); // 如果还有监听器 执行监听器的回调
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
唤醒阻塞的线程
// DefaultPromise.java
private synchronized boolean checkNotifyWaiters() {
if (waiters > 0) { // 阻塞等待异步结果的线程数量
notifyAll(); // 唤醒所有阻塞等待异步结果的线程
}
return listeners != null;
}
五 监听器回调
// DefaultPromise.java
private void notifyListeners() {
EventExecutor executor = executor();
// 线程切换 确保回调监听器的线程就是执行异步任务的线程
if (executor.inEventLoop()) {
final InternalThreadLocalMap threadLocals = InternalThreadLocalMap.get();
final int stackDepth = threadLocals.futureListenerStackDepth();
if (stackDepth < MAX_LISTENER_STACK_DEPTH) {
threadLocals.setFutureListenerStackDepth(stackDepth + 1);
try {
notifyListenersNow();
} finally {
threadLocals.setFutureListenerStackDepth(stackDepth);
}
return;
}
}
safeExecute(executor, new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
notifyListenersNow();
}
});
}
private void notifyListenersNow() {
Object listeners;
synchronized (this) {
// Only proceed if there are listeners to notify and we are not already notifying listeners.
if (notifyingListeners || this.listeners == null) {
return;
}
notifyingListeners = true;
listeners = this.listeners;
this.listeners = null;
}
for (;;) { // 回调监听器
if (listeners instanceof DefaultFutureListeners) {
notifyListeners0((DefaultFutureListeners) listeners);
} else {
notifyListener0(this, (GenericFutureListener<?>) listeners);
}
synchronized (this) {
if (this.listeners == null) {
// Nothing can throw from within this method, so setting notifyingListeners back to false does not
// need to be in a finally block.
notifyingListeners = false;
return;
}
listeners = this.listeners;
this.listeners = null;
}
}
}
private void notifyListeners0(DefaultFutureListeners listeners) {
GenericFutureListener<?>[] a = listeners.listeners();
int size = listeners.size();
for (int i = 0; i < size; i ++) {
notifyListener0(this, a[i]);
}
}
private static void notifyListener0(Future future, GenericFutureListener l) {
try {
l.operationComplete(future); // 回调执行监听器的operationComplete方法 这个方法是放置监听器的线程自定义的
} catch (Throwable t) {
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("An exception was thrown by " + l.getClass().getName() + ".operationComplete()", t);
}
}
}
标签:异步,return,Netty,ChannelFuture,listeners,源码,线程,result,监听器
From: https://www.cnblogs.com/miss-u/p/16897742.html