一、实验对象:《零基础学Python》6道实例和2道实战
二、实验环境:IDLE Shell 3.9.7
三、实验目的:学习如何在Python中进行文件和目录的相关操作
四、实验过程:
- 实例01 创建并打开记录蚂蚁庄园动态的文件
点击查看代码
print("\n","="*10,"蚂蚁庄园动态","="*10)
file=open('message.txt','w')
print("\n 即将显示......\n")
运行结果:
- 实例02 向蚂蚁庄园的动态文件写入一条信息
点击查看代码
print("\n","="*10,"蚂蚁庄园动态","="*10)
file=open('message.txt','w')
file.write("你使用了1张加速卡,小鸡撸起袖子开始双手吃饲料,进食速度大大加快。\n")
print("\n 写入了一条动态......\n")
file.close()
运行结果:
- 实例03 显示蚂蚁庄园的动态
点击查看代码
print("\n","="*25,"蚂蚁庄园动态","="*25,"\n")
with open('message.txt','r')as file:
message=file.read()
print(message)
print("\n","="*29,"over","="*29,"\n")
运行结果:
- 实例04 逐行显示蚂蚁庄园的动态
点击查看代码
print("\n","="*35,"蚂蚁庄园动态","="*35,"\n")
with open('message.txt','r')as file:
number=0
while True:
number+=1
line=file.readline( )
if line=='':
break
print(number,line,end="\n")
print("\n","="*39,"over","="*39,"\n")
运行结果:
- 实例05 遍历指定目录
点击查看代码
import os
path="C:\\demo"
print("【",path,"】目录下包括的文件和目录:")
for root,dirs,files in os.walk(path, topdown=True):
for name in dirs:
print("●",os.path.join(root,name))
for name in files:
print("◎",os.path.join(root,name))
运行结果:
- 实例06 获取文件基本信息
点击查看代码
import os
fileinfo=os.stat("Ten_sl_01.py")
print("文件完整路径:",os.path.abspath("Ten_sl_01.py"))
print("索引号:",fileinfo.st_ino)
print("设备名:",fileinfo.st_dev)
print("文件大小:",fileinfo.st_size,"字节")
print("最后一次访问时间:",fileinfo.st_atime)
print("最后一次修改时间:",fileinfo.st_mtime)
print("最后一次状态变化时间:",fileinfo.st_ctime)
运行结果:
- 实战01 根据当前时间创建文件
点击查看代码
import os
import time
def ltime_file(n):
for i in range(1, n + 1):
localTime = time.strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S", time.localtime())
file_name=localTime
f = open(file_name+".txt",'a')
print("file" + " " + str(i) + ":" + str(localTime) + ".txt")
time.sleep(1) # 休眠一秒
print('生成文件成功!')
if __name__ == '__main__':
n = int(input("请输入需要生成的文件数:"))
ltime_file(n)
运行结果:
- 实战02 批量添加文件夹
点击查看代码
import os
n=input("请输入需要生成的文件夹个数:")
w=int(n)
for i in range(1, w+1):
file_name =str(i)
dir_name = file_name
os.mkdir(dir_name)
print("文件夹"+str(i)+"创建成功!")
运行结果: